OBJECTIVES: To report the development, validation, and findings of the Multi-dimensional Attention Rating Scale (MARS), a self-report tool crafted to evaluate six-dimension attention levels. METHODS: The MARS was developed based on Classical Test Theory (CTT). Totally 202 highly educated healthy adult participants were recruited for reliability and validity tests. Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability. Structural validity was explored using principal component analysis. Criterion validity was analyzed by correlating MARS scores with the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test (THAT), the Attentional Control Scale (ACS), and the Attention Network Test (ANT). RESULTS: The MARS comprises 12 items spanning six distinct dimensions of attention: focused attention, sustained attention, shifting attention, selective attention, divided attention, and response inhibition.As assessed by six experts, the content validation index (CVI) was 0.95, the Cronbach's alpha for the MARS was 0.78, and the test-retest reliability was 0.81. Four factors were identified (cumulative variance contribution rate 68.79%). The total score of MARS was correlated positively with THAT (r = 0.60, P < 0.01) and ACS (r = 0.78, P < 0.01) and negatively with ANT's reaction time for alerting (r = -0.31, P = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS The MARS can reliably and validly assess six-dimension attention levels in real-world settings and is expected to be a new tool for assessing multi-dimensional attention impairments in different mental disorders.
Humans ; Adult ; Male ; Attention/physiology* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Young Adult ; Psychometrics

To summarize the nursing experience of a patient with coronary heart disease who was left in the radial artery during the removal of the radial artery sheath after coronary angiography via the radial artery pathway.Nursing points:to start the emergency transfer process,to shorten the treatment transfer time;to assist to locate the position of the sheath to provide a basis for the selection of surgical incision;to conduct dynamic assessment of hemostatic effect,prevention of radial artery occlusion;to closely monitor pain and signs to prevent vasovagal reflex;to implement the whole psychological intervention,and to reduce the psychological burden of patients and their families.The ruptured sheath tube was successfully removed by emergency surgery of vascular surgery.A total of 6 days after the operation,the patient was transferred to cardiac surgery for coronary artery bypass grafting,and was discharged 23 days later.After 3 months of follow-up,the blood supply of the limbs was good,and the incision healed well.

Objective To explore the surgical treatment strategy for patients with thyroid cancer complicated with primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the case data of thyroid cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2016 to January 2022.Among them,22 patients with PHPT were included in study group,and 44 patients were randomly selected from thyroid cancer patients during the same period at a ratio of 1∶2 and included in control group.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay and occurrence of complications of two groups of patients were compared.Results The operation time of patients in study group was significantly longer than that in control group(P＜0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and hospital stay between two groups of patients(P＞0.05).There were 5 cases of temporary hypocalcemia in study group,12 cases of temporary hypocalcemia and 1 case of incision infection in control group.There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of postoperative complications between two groups of patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion Thyroid cancer complicated with PHPT increases the complexity of treatment.Through adequate preoperative diagnosis and reasonable surgical treatment strategies,the risks of secondary surgery and postoperative complications can be effectively reduced,and the prognosis of patients can be improved.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Naoqingtong decoction （NQT） on the kidney damage and the inflammatory factors NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain （ASC）， cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1 （Caspase-1）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHRs）. MethodsTwenty-four SHRs were randomized into a model group， a low-dose （12.9 g·kg^-1·d^-1） NQT （NQT-L） group， a high-dose （25.8 g·kg^-1·d^-1） NQT group （NQT-H）， and a captopril （CTP， 20 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） group， with 6 rats in each group. In addition， 6 homozygous male Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as the control group. The control and model groups were administrated with the same amount of normal saline by gavage for 8 weeks. General behaviors of rats were observed during the intervention period， and the blood pressure was measured periodically. At the end of intervention， the body mass was weighed， and both kidneys were collected and weighed for the calculation of the renal index. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe the pathological changes in the kidney tissue. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot were employed to determine the expression levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-6， and TNF-α in the kidney tissue. ResultsDuring the experiment period， the control group had normal mental status， food intake， and activity， while the model group showed thinning of hair， loss of luster， reduced activity， loss of appetite， fecal adhesion， and irritability， and some of the skin had scratches or blood scabs. The above symptoms were alleviated to different degrees after 8 weeks of NQT administration. An intelligent non-invasive sphygmomanometer was used to measure the tail artery pressure of rats， which showed that the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of rats in the model group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， drug interventions lowered the systolic and diastolic blood pressure （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the control group， the model group showed severe pathological damage in the kidney tissue， which was alleviated in each drug intervention group. Compared with the control group， the model group showed up-regulated expression levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-6， and TNF-α in the kidney tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the drug intervention groups showed down-regulated expression levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-6， and TNF-α in the kidney tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionNQT can lower the blood pressure in SHRs by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes， suppressing renal inflammation， and ameliorating hypertensive kidney damage.

Objective To construct the K64 capsule depolymerase recombinant protein,Dep44,and investigate its potential application against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)infections.Methods The de-polymerase-encoding phage vB_Kpn_HF1013(GenBank:PP803128)was isolated and genomically analyzed to screen for candidate depolymerases.The recombinant protein Dep44 was constructed and functionally verified for depolymerase activity.Dep44 sensitive range was validated and Dep44 antimicrobial activity was assessed by bio-film disruption and serum sterilization assays.Results The tail spike protein of phage vB_Kpn_HF1013 exhibited depolymerase activity and recombinant protein Dep44 specifically degraded K64 CRKP capsule.Biofilm eradication assays demonstrated that recombinant Dep44 at both 2 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL significantly disrupted bacterial bio-films relative to the control.Serum bactericidal assays showed that Dep44 exhibited synergistic activity with serum,dependent on the complement system,as Dep44 alone lacked bactericidal properties.Conclusion Dep44 effec-tively targets and degrades K64 CRKP capsule,disrupts biofilms,and enhances serum bactericidal activity,high-lighting its potential for managing K64 CRKP infections and clearing biofilms from medical devices.

Objective To investigate the relationship of C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte(CALLY)index,serum autotaxin and serine protease 2(PRSS2)with postoperative recurrence and metastasis in gastric cancer patients.Methods A total of 188 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer from December 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.According to the postoperative situation,they were divided into the recurrence and metastasis group(n=72)and the non-recurrence and metastasis group(n=116).C reactive protein(CRP)was detected by immunoturbidimetry,albumin was detected by bromocresol green method,lymphocyte count was detected by blood routine analyzer,and CALLY index was calculated.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum levels of autotaxin and PRSS2,and Spearman/Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between CALLY index,serum autotaxin,PRSS2 levels and clinical data.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of recurrence and metastasis in patients with gastric cancer after radical resection,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive value of CALLY index,serum autotaxin and PRSS2 levels for recurrence and metastasis in patients with gastric cancer after radical resection.Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between CALLY index,serum autotaxin,PRSS2 levels and postoperative recurrence and metastasis.Results Compared with the non-recurrence and metastasis group,the recurrence and metastasis group had a higher proportion of patients with TNM stage Ⅲ,Borrmann type Ⅲ-Ⅳ,lymphovascular invasion,neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative chemotherapy,higher serum levels of autotaxin and PRSS2,and lower CALLY index(P<0.01).TNM stage,Borrmann type,lymphovascular invasion,neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative chemotherapy were negatively correlated with CALLY index,and positively correlated with serum autotaxin and PRSS2 levels,while serum autotaxin and PRSS2 levels were negatively correlated with CALLY index(P<0.01).TNM stage,Borrmann type,lymphovascular invasion,CALLY index,autotaxin and PRSS2 were the influencing factors of recurrence and metastasis in patients with gastric cancer after radical resection(P<0.05,P<0.01).The area under the curve(AUC)of CALLY index,autotaxin and PRSS2 for predicting recurrence and metastasis was 0.962,which was significantly larger than that of CALLY index,autotaxin and PRSS alone(P<0.01).The 3-year recurrence and metastasis rate of patients with low CALLY index expression[56.52%(52/92)]was higher than that of patients with high CALLY index expression[20.83%(20/96)](P<0.01).The 3-year recurrence and metastasis rate of patients with high expression of autotaxin[49.47%(47/95)]was higher than that of patients with low expression[26.88%(25/93)](P<0.01).The 3-year recurrence and metastasis rate of patients with high PRSS2 expression[47.87%(45/94)]was higher than that of patients with low PRSS2 expression[28.72%(27/94)](P<0.01).Conclusion The CALLY index decreases,and serum autotaxin and PRSS2 increase in patients with postoperative recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer.The combined prediction of the three factors demonstrates higher predictive performance for postoperative recurrence and metastasis.

Objective To investigate the relationship of C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte(CALLY)index,serum autotaxin and serine protease 2(PRSS2)with postoperative recurrence and metastasis in gastric cancer patients.Methods A total of 188 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer from December 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.According to the postoperative situation,they were divided into the recurrence and metastasis group(n=72)and the non-recurrence and metastasis group(n=116).C reactive protein(CRP)was detected by immunoturbidimetry,albumin was detected by bromocresol green method,lymphocyte count was detected by blood routine analyzer,and CALLY index was calculated.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum levels of autotaxin and PRSS2,and Spearman/Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between CALLY index,serum autotaxin,PRSS2 levels and clinical data.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of recurrence and metastasis in patients with gastric cancer after radical resection,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive value of CALLY index,serum autotaxin and PRSS2 levels for recurrence and metastasis in patients with gastric cancer after radical resection.Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between CALLY index,serum autotaxin,PRSS2 levels and postoperative recurrence and metastasis.Results Compared with the non-recurrence and metastasis group,the recurrence and metastasis group had a higher proportion of patients with TNM stage Ⅲ,Borrmann type Ⅲ-Ⅳ,lymphovascular invasion,neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative chemotherapy,higher serum levels of autotaxin and PRSS2,and lower CALLY index(P<0.01).TNM stage,Borrmann type,lymphovascular invasion,neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative chemotherapy were negatively correlated with CALLY index,and positively correlated with serum autotaxin and PRSS2 levels,while serum autotaxin and PRSS2 levels were negatively correlated with CALLY index(P<0.01).TNM stage,Borrmann type,lymphovascular invasion,CALLY index,autotaxin and PRSS2 were the influencing factors of recurrence and metastasis in patients with gastric cancer after radical resection(P<0.05,P<0.01).The area under the curve(AUC)of CALLY index,autotaxin and PRSS2 for predicting recurrence and metastasis was 0.962,which was significantly larger than that of CALLY index,autotaxin and PRSS alone(P<0.01).The 3-year recurrence and metastasis rate of patients with low CALLY index expression[56.52%(52/92)]was higher than that of patients with high CALLY index expression[20.83%(20/96)](P<0.01).The 3-year recurrence and metastasis rate of patients with high expression of autotaxin[49.47%(47/95)]was higher than that of patients with low expression[26.88%(25/93)](P<0.01).The 3-year recurrence and metastasis rate of patients with high PRSS2 expression[47.87%(45/94)]was higher than that of patients with low PRSS2 expression[28.72%(27/94)](P<0.01).Conclusion The CALLY index decreases,and serum autotaxin and PRSS2 increase in patients with postoperative recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer.The combined prediction of the three factors demonstrates higher predictive performance for postoperative recurrence and metastasis.

Objective To construct the K64 capsule depolymerase recombinant protein,Dep44,and investigate its potential application against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)infections.Methods The de-polymerase-encoding phage vB_Kpn_HF1013(GenBank:PP803128)was isolated and genomically analyzed to screen for candidate depolymerases.The recombinant protein Dep44 was constructed and functionally verified for depolymerase activity.Dep44 sensitive range was validated and Dep44 antimicrobial activity was assessed by bio-film disruption and serum sterilization assays.Results The tail spike protein of phage vB_Kpn_HF1013 exhibited depolymerase activity and recombinant protein Dep44 specifically degraded K64 CRKP capsule.Biofilm eradication assays demonstrated that recombinant Dep44 at both 2 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL significantly disrupted bacterial bio-films relative to the control.Serum bactericidal assays showed that Dep44 exhibited synergistic activity with serum,dependent on the complement system,as Dep44 alone lacked bactericidal properties.Conclusion Dep44 effec-tively targets and degrades K64 CRKP capsule,disrupts biofilms,and enhances serum bactericidal activity,high-lighting its potential for managing K64 CRKP infections and clearing biofilms from medical devices.

To summarize the nursing experience of a patient with coronary heart disease who was left in the radial artery during the removal of the radial artery sheath after coronary angiography via the radial artery pathway.Nursing points:to start the emergency transfer process,to shorten the treatment transfer time;to assist to locate the position of the sheath to provide a basis for the selection of surgical incision;to conduct dynamic assessment of hemostatic effect,prevention of radial artery occlusion;to closely monitor pain and signs to prevent vasovagal reflex;to implement the whole psychological intervention,and to reduce the psychological burden of patients and their families.The ruptured sheath tube was successfully removed by emergency surgery of vascular surgery.A total of 6 days after the operation,the patient was transferred to cardiac surgery for coronary artery bypass grafting,and was discharged 23 days later.After 3 months of follow-up,the blood supply of the limbs was good,and the incision healed well.

Objective To explore the surgical treatment strategy for patients with thyroid cancer complicated with primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the case data of thyroid cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2016 to January 2022.Among them,22 patients with PHPT were included in study group,and 44 patients were randomly selected from thyroid cancer patients during the same period at a ratio of 1∶2 and included in control group.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay and occurrence of complications of two groups of patients were compared.Results The operation time of patients in study group was significantly longer than that in control group(P＜0.01).There was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and hospital stay between two groups of patients(P＞0.05).There were 5 cases of temporary hypocalcemia in study group,12 cases of temporary hypocalcemia and 1 case of incision infection in control group.There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of postoperative complications between two groups of patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion Thyroid cancer complicated with PHPT increases the complexity of treatment.Through adequate preoperative diagnosis and reasonable surgical treatment strategies,the risks of secondary surgery and postoperative complications can be effectively reduced,and the prognosis of patients can be improved.