Parkinson′s disease is a common degenerative disease of the central nerve system, mainly caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the compact part of substantia nigra. Tremor is one of the most common symptoms of Parkinson′s disease. Part of patients changing posture position could cause the tremor suspended for a period of time, after that, the tremor appear again. This clinical phenomenon is characterized by the reproducibility of Parkinson′s disease tremor, called re-emergent tremor (RET). The cause of RET mechanism is still unclear and the relative researches are less. This review summarizes the possible mechanism, clinical features and significance of RET in Parkinson′s disease.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy using event-related potential detection methods and to evaluate the correlation between them. Methods Sixty patients with temporal lobe epilepsy were enrolled according to the inclusion and ex-clusion criteria. Clinical data ( including age of onset,duration of disease,type of seizure,frequency of epi-sodes and anti-epileptic drugs) were collected. The determination of event-related potentials was improved for all patients enrolled. The latency of the N1,P2,N2,and P3 waves and the amplitude of the P3 wave are com-prehensively analyzed. Results Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy:the average latency of N1,P2,N2 and P3 and the average amplitude of P3 wave were ( 108. 47± 24. 58) ms,( 181. 70 ± 29. 63) ms,( 255. 63 ± 32. 66) ms,(367. 03±40. 43) ms and (6. 45± 5. 84) μV,respectively. ERPs (latency of P3 wave) of the age of onset ≤14 years old and the age of onset >14 years old group were statistically significant (P<0. 05). ERPs (latency of N2 wave and P3 wave) of course>5 years group and disease course≤5 years group were statistically significant (P<0. 05). There was significant difference in ERPs (P3 wave amplitude) between the general seizure group and the partial seizure group (P<0. 05). ERPs (latency of P3 wave) frequency of seizures >4 times/month group and≤4 times/month group were statistically significant (P<0. 05); ERPs (latency of N2 wave) of combination group and monotherapy group was statistically significant (P<0. 05). The course of the temporal lobe epilepsy and medicine therapy of combination were impact factors of the la-tency of N2 wave (P<0. 05). Temporal seizure frequency,age of onset and course of disease were impact fac- tors of P3 wave (P<0. 05). Conclusion Age of onset,the course of the temporal lobe epilepsy,the type of seizures,the frequency of seizures and the anti-epileptic drugs are important influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction in patients. In event-related potentials,they have different effects on different stages of cognition.