Colorectal cancer （CRC） is one of the most common cancers， with its incidence ranking high among cancers. It stands as the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the early stages， CRC lacks specific symptoms， and most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages， making it a major research focus in the field of gastrointestinal tumors. Currently， clinical CRC treatments face several common challenges， including high surgical risks， frequent metastasis and recurrence， drug resistance， and significant side effects from chemotherapy and radiation therapy. With the development and application of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， it has been found that TCM and its active ingredients can effectively inhibit CRC cell proliferation， invasion， migration， and angiogenesis， and promote apoptosis and autophagy， thereby slowing the progression of CRC. This has become a key focus of CRC treatment research. Salvia Miltiorrhiza has multiple pharmacological effects， including activating blood circulation to dispel blood stasis， unlocking meridians to relieve pain， clearing heat to calm irritability， and cooling blood to reduce abscesses. It contains a variety of chemical components， including diterpenoids， phenolic acids， flavonoids， polysaccharides， nitrogen-containing compounds， steroids， and lactone compounds. This review summarized the molecular mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its active ingredients in the treatment of CRC. It is found that these ingredients exert anti-CRC effects through various molecular mechanisms， including cell cycle arrest， promotion of apoptosis， inhibition of cell invasion and migration， induction of autophagy， suppression of tumor angiogenesis， and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. The review aims to provide new insights for the drug development and clinical application of Salvia miltiorrhiza in CRC treatment.

Background/Aims: Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is one of the most essential metabolites in cell metabolism but its function and concentration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive and controversial. Methods: A comprehensive analysis of acetyl-CoA levels and acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) expression across a range of samples, including patient specimens from both hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive and HBV negative HCC individuals, HBV-transgenic mouse HCC models, and multiple cell lines. Furthermore, to evaluate the functional significance of ACSS2 in HBV-related HCC, we implemented both genetic and pharmacological inhibition strategies targeting ACSS2. Molecular mechanism and mitophagy assessment were revealed by cleavage under target and tagmentation sequencing, RNA sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, transmission electron microscopy and JC-1 staining. Results: Our study revealed a distinct metabolic signature of HBV-related HCC, marked by elevated acetyl-CoA, which was driven by ACSS2. ACSS2 was upregulated by the carbohydrate response element-binding protein in HBV-related HCC. Furthermore, ACSS2 improved tumor cell proliferation, an effect that was dependent on its enzymatic activity. Mechanistically, ACSS2-induced acetyl-CoA accumulation activated voltage-dependent anion channels 1 transcription through increased H3K27ac occupancy, which subsequently promoted mitophagy and HBV-related HCC tumorigenesis. Notably, targeting ACSS2 by depletion or inhibition with a catalytic inhibitor significantly suppressed tumor growth. Conclusions These findings not only illustrate the interplay between metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic modification, and tumorigenesis in the context of HBV infection, but also highlight ACSS2 as a novel metabolic vulnerability in HBV-related HCC. Therefore, targeting ACSS2 could be a novel strategy against HBV-related HCC.

Objective To investigate and compare the epidemiological characteristics of common respiratory viruses among influenza-like illness(ILI)and severe acute respiratory infection(SARI)cases in Huzhou,Zhejiang Province before and after the COVID-19 pandemic,so as to provide a basis for formulating and adjusting the prevention and control strategies for viral respiratory infectious diseases.Methods ILI and SARI cases at two influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Huzhou and had throat swab samples collected during Nov 2017 to Feb 2020(pre-COVID-19 pandemic period)and Dec 2022 to Apr 2024(post-COVID-19 mitigation phase)were selected as the participants.Seven common viral respiratory pathogens were tested,including influenza A virus(H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes),influenza B virus(Victoria lineage,FluB),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),rhinovirus(HRV),adenovirus(ADV),and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2).The positive rates of respiratory pathogens before and after the COVID-19 pandemic were compared across different age groups and different time.Results A total of 7 948 ILI samples and 2 294 SARI samples were included.The overall positive rate of ILI samples increased from 33.6%to 47.1%,primarily due to the increase in influenza and COVID-19 infections;the overall positive rate of SARI samples decreased from 31.4%to 24.8%,mainly due to the reduction in HRV and ADV infections.During the post-COVID-19 mitigation phase,SARS-CoV-2(22.1%),H3N2(12.7%),and FluB(6.0%)were the primary pathogens in ILI samples,while RSV(7.1%),H3N2(5.3%),and HRV(4.5%)dominated in SARI samples.During the post-COVID-19 mitigation phase,the influenza virus circulation period was shortened.Before the COVID-19 pandemic,RSV was mainly detected in autumn and winter,while during the post-COVID-19 mitigation phase,out-of-season RSV epidemics were observed in spring and summer.Co-infection rate in ILI cases increased significantly in the post-COVID-19 mitigation phase,predominantly consisting of co-infections of COVID-19 and influenza A virus,while co-infection rate in SARI cases showed a decline.Conclusion We found important epidemiological changes in respiratory viruses in Huzhou during the post-COVID-19 mitigation phase compared to pre-COVID-19 period,including increased positive rates of influenza and COVID-19,and disruptions to the seasonal patterns of influenza and RSV.The prevention and control strategies should be adjusted in a timely manner based on the monitoring data.

The deep integration of Party building and professional work is crucial for promoting high-quality development in university-affiliated hospitals.To address the current insufficient integration of Party building and operational development in such hospitals,the Tuina Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine has adopted the"Seven Ones"Party building brand as a carrier.Using Party building as a driving force and traditional Chinese medicine culture as the core,the department has actively implemented a series of innovative Party building initiatives.By deeply integrating Party build-ing with medical services,it explores pathways for the fusion of"Party building+professional work,"leveraging high-quality Party building to facilitate the high-quality development of the hospital and contribute to the realization of the Healthy China strategy.

Objective To explore the mechanism of malt alcohol extract improving depression-like behavior induced by CUMS in rats by regulating gut microbiota.Methods The depression model of rats was established using an 8-weeks CUMS procedure,and the administration group was given low(59.6 mg·kg-1)and high(178.8 mg·kg-1)doses of malt alcohol extract,respectively.The depression-like behavior of rats was evaluated by classic behavioral test.The composition of intestinal microbiota of rats was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.The morphological changes of colon were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE),the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin in colon was detected by immunofluorescence(IF),and the expression of IL-10,IL-1βand 5-HT were detected by ELISA.Results The low dose of malt alcohol extract attenuated the depressive behavior and restored the expression of 5-HT in the brain of CUMS rats.16S rRNA sequencing results showed that the diversity and relative abundance of gut microbiota changed after treatment with the low dose of malt alcohol extract.ELISA results showed that the low dose of malt alcohol extract significantly reversed the CUMS-induced reduction of IL-10 and elevation of IL-1 β.HE results showed that the low dose of malt alcohol extract significantly ameliorated CUMS-induced structural damage in colon.IF results showed increased protain expression of intestinal epithelial barrier tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin by the low dose of malt alcohol extract.Conclusion The low dose of malt alcohol extract can ameliorate CUMS-induced depressive-like behavior in rats by modulating intestinal flora,restoring 5-HT expression in the brain,inhibiting inflammation,and repairing the intestinal barrier.

Objective To investigate alterations in plasma complement levels and white matter imaging characteristics,along with their relationship in patients with first-episode schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods Thirty-eight patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 42 healthy controls were enrolled.Whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)was performed using a Philips 3.0 T MRI scanner.Tract-based spatial statistics(TBSS)combined with the Johns Hopkins University(JHU)white matter labels atlas was used to extract and compare white matter characteristics between the two groups.Plasma levels of complement components(C1q,C3,C4,factor B,factor H,and factor P)were measured using the MILLIPLEX? human complement assay kit via multiplex analysis.Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the association between plasma complement levels and white matter features.Results The radial diffusivity(RD)of the left fornix/stria terminalis was significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group[(0.62±0.04)×10-3mm2/s vs.(0.60±0.03)×10-3mm2/s,PFDR=0.048)].Factor H[677.71(551.58,846.21)ng/mL vs.582.76(513.93,729.71)ng/mL,P=0.041]and factor P[71.36(57.30,95.99)ng/mL vs.60.08(46.67,80.03)ng/mL,P=0.011]were both significantly elevated compared to the control group.Moreover,RD values in the left fornix/stria terminalis were negatively correlated with plasma C3 levels in the patient group(r=-0.362,P=0.025).Conclusion Patients with first-episode schizophrenia exhibit white matter microstructural abnormalities in left fornix/stria terminalis,which are significantly associated with plasma complement levels.

Objective This study aims to explore the application value of spectral CT and perfusion CT parameters in the pathological classification and prognostic assessment of lung cancer.Methods A total of 94 lung cancer patients confirmed by pathology at Shanghai Chest Hospital from January 2023 to November 2024 were included in the study,including 49 cases of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),30 cases of lung squamous cell carci-noma(LUSC),and 15 cases of small cell lung cancer(SCLC).All patients underwent spectral CT combined with perfusion scanning using a 256-slice Revolution Apex from GE.Two radiologists independently measured the spectral and perfusion parameters of the three groups of images,including spectral curve slope(K),iodine concentration in the lesion area(ICL),effective atomic number(Zeff),surface permeability(PS),and perfusion index(PI),and established a lung cancer pathological subtype discrimination prediction model based on spectral CT radiomics features.All subjects were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group at a ratio of 3∶1.The discrimination efficacy of the spectral discrimination model between different pathological subtypes and the discrimination efficacy of arterial and venous phase images were compared in multiple dimensions.The performance of the model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Statistical analysis showed that the spectral curve slope,ICL,NIC,and Zeff of LUAD patients were significantly higher than those of LUSC and SCLC patients(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in these parameters between LUSC and SCLC patients(P>0.05).Among the perfusion CT parameters,surface permeability(PS)showed significant differences among the three groups(P<0.05),while blood volume(BV),blood flow(BF),perfusion index(PI),time to peak(TTP),and mean transit time(MTT)did not show statistical differences.The multi-factor logistic regression model based on spectral parameters showed strong discriminatory performance:the area under the curve(AUC)of the LUAD and LUSC discrimination model was 0.806/0.77(training group/test group)in the arterial phase and 0.867/0.9(training group/test group)in the venous phase;the AUC of the LUAD and SCLC discrimination model was 0.885/0.883(training group/test group)in the arterial phase and 0.851/0.776(training group/test group)in the venous phase.Conclusion This study indicates that the multi-dimensional functional metabolic analysis indicators of spectral and perfusion CT imaging have significant value in the differential diagnosis of lung cancer pathological subtypes.The diagnostic model constructed by combining multiple spectral parameters can significantly improve the discrimination efficacy of lung adenocarcinoma,squamous cell carcinoma,and small cell lung cancer,providing precise imaging evidence for the formulation of individualized treatment plans.

Aim To investigate the antidepressant mechanism of hyperforin via the utilization of single-cell sequencing technology.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group,depres-sion model group,and hyperforin intervention group.The chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)model was induced and drug interventions were administered for 28 d.Behavioral experiments were conducted to as-sess depressive symptoms,and hippocampal tissue was collected for single-cell RNA sequencing.Key cell populations and differentially expressed genes across groups were identified,followed by PPI network,GO,and KEGG enrichment analysis.Results Behavioral experiments indicated that CUMS successfully induced depressive symptoms in mice,while hyperforin im-proved depressive behavior.In the depression model group,the proportion of brain perivascular macrophages(PVM)increased,and this proportion decreased after hyperforin intervention,approaching the level seen in the control group.The top 20 common differentially ex-pressed genes in the PVM subpopulation were Saa3,Hbb-bs and Ccl24.PPI network analysis identified core targets,including Ccl2,Dhx9,C3,Msr1,Cxcl2 and Cx3cr1.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed pathways related to chemokines,phagosome formation,and inosi-tol phosphate metabolism.Conclusion The antide-pressant mechanism of hyperforin may be related to the regulation of Ccl24 and its related chemokine signaling pathway by PVM.

Objective·To compare the safety and short-term outcomes of robot-assisted versus laparoscopic-assisted proximal gastrectomy combined with double-flap esophagogastrostomy in the treatment of early upper gastric cancer.Methods·A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical and pathological data of 31 early gastric cancer patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy combined with double-flap esophagogastrostomy for gastrointestinal reconstruction at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,from September 2023 to March 2024.Based on the surgical approach,patients were divided into the robot-assisted surgery group(robotic group,20 cases)and the laparoscope-assisted surgery group(laparoscopic group,11 cases).General clinical data,intraoperative conditions,and postoperative recovery between the two groups were compared.At the 6-month postoperative follow-up,upper gastrointestinal radiography and esophagogastroscopy were performed to assess anastomotic stricture and gastroesophageal reflux disease.Additionally,the gastric cancer-specific module of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC),Quality of Life Questionnaire-Stomach 22(QLQ-STO22),was used to evaluate the patients' quality of life.Results·The general data of the two groups,including gender,age,preoperative comorbidities,American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)classification,Siewert classification,and pathological staging of tumors,showed no statistically significant differences(all P>0.05).All patients successfully underwent the procedure without conversion to open surgery.The time for gastroesophageal anastomosis was significantly shorter in the robotic group compared to the laparoscopic group[(31.09±8.23)min vs(43.73±8.83)min,P<0.001],while there were no statistically significant differences in other intraoperative and postoperative parameters,including operative time,intraoperative blood loss,number of lymph nodes removed,duration of gastric tube placement,time to start a liquid diet,length of postoperative hospital stay,and incidence of postoperative complications(all P>0.05).At the 6-month postoperative follow-up,30 patients completed the follow-up,with one patient lost to follow-up in the robotic group.Upper gastrointestinal radiography and esophagogastroscopy results showed that only one patient in the laparoscopic group developed an anastomotic stricture,while one patient in the robotic group developed grade A and one developed grade B gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD).In addition,one patient in the laparoscopic group also developed grade B GERD.The incidences of GERD and anastomotic stricture showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups(both P>0.05).EORTC QLQ-STO22 results indicated that the robotic group had significantly lower scores in the dimensions of dysphagia,gastroesophageal reflux,and dietary restrictions,as well as in the total score,compared to the laparoscopic group(all P<0.05).Conclusion·Robot-assisted proximal gastrectomy combined with double-flap esophagogastrostomy is safe and feasible.It shortens anastomosis time and offers potential advantages in postoperative functional recovery and quality of life improvement.

Aim To explore the protective effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of periplogenin(Ppg)in preventing acetaminophen(APAP)-induced drug-induced liver injury(DILI).Methods An APAP-induced liver injury model was established in vi-vo and in vitro.Liver/spleen indices were recorded,and serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and ala-nine aminotransferase(ALT)levels were measured.The pathological changes in liver tissue were observed using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.The influence of Ppg on inflammatory cytokines(IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1 β)and key proteins within the associated signaling pathways was examined using enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay(ELISA),quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR),and Western blot.Additional-ly,glutathione(GSH),malondialdehyde(MDA),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity levels were meas-ured.The expression of markers related to the NF-κB signaling pathway was assessed using qPCR,Western blot,and immunofluorescence.Results In vivo exper-iments showed that Ppg improved the liver and spleen index of mice with drug-induced liver injury,and the levels of AST and ALT in the serum decreased signifi-cantly,reducing the pathological damage of liver tis-sue.In vitro experiments showed that Ppg significantly inhibited the expression of IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1 β,and decreased the levels of GSH and MDA and in-creased SOD activity in AML-12 cells.Additionally,the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway using pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium(PDTC),an NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor reduced inflammato-ry cytokine expression and significantly decreased p65 nuclear translocation,showing results comparable to those observed in the high-dose Ppg group.Conclu-sions Ppg alleviates APAP-induced liver injury,po-tentially by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in hepatocytes,thereby reducing the inflammatory re-sponse and protecting liver from APAP-induced dam-age.