Inflammation is the body’s response to damage， infection or other stimuli， but its excessive or continuous development can lead to a variety of diseases. Although modern medical anti-inflammatory therapies were widely used， it is often accompanied by limitations such as more adverse reactions. Based on the “holistic view” and “differential treatment”， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） regards inflammation as a manifestation of the imbalance of yin and yang in the body and the conflict between good and evil. The application of anti-inflammatory TCM is not only aimed at the pathological state of “inflammation”， but also based on the overall consideration of “syndrome”. According to different types of syndrome， anti-inflammatory TCM can be divided into heat-clearing and detoxifying agents （such as Lonicera japonica and Isatis indigotica ）， heat-clearing and drying dampness agents （such as Coptidis Rhizoma）， blood-activating and stasis-dissolving agents （such as Salvia miltiorrhiza ） and vital qi-strengthening and pathogenic factor-expelling agents （such as Panax ginseng ）. Four types of anti-inflammatory TCM restore the body’s immune balance through the systematic regulation of multi-component， multi-target and multi-pathway， exhibiting a good anti-inflammatory effect. Future research should focus on integrating systematic biology， applying artificial intelligence， carrying out high-quality evidence-based research， and combining traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine， so as to reveal the overall regulatory law of anti-inf lammatory effects of TCM and promote clinical rational use.

Background/Aims: Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is one of the most essential metabolites in cell metabolism but its function and concentration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive and controversial. Methods: A comprehensive analysis of acetyl-CoA levels and acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) expression across a range of samples, including patient specimens from both hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive and HBV negative HCC individuals, HBV-transgenic mouse HCC models, and multiple cell lines. Furthermore, to evaluate the functional significance of ACSS2 in HBV-related HCC, we implemented both genetic and pharmacological inhibition strategies targeting ACSS2. Molecular mechanism and mitophagy assessment were revealed by cleavage under target and tagmentation sequencing, RNA sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, transmission electron microscopy and JC-1 staining. Results: Our study revealed a distinct metabolic signature of HBV-related HCC, marked by elevated acetyl-CoA, which was driven by ACSS2. ACSS2 was upregulated by the carbohydrate response element-binding protein in HBV-related HCC. Furthermore, ACSS2 improved tumor cell proliferation, an effect that was dependent on its enzymatic activity. Mechanistically, ACSS2-induced acetyl-CoA accumulation activated voltage-dependent anion channels 1 transcription through increased H3K27ac occupancy, which subsequently promoted mitophagy and HBV-related HCC tumorigenesis. Notably, targeting ACSS2 by depletion or inhibition with a catalytic inhibitor significantly suppressed tumor growth. Conclusions These findings not only illustrate the interplay between metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic modification, and tumorigenesis in the context of HBV infection, but also highlight ACSS2 as a novel metabolic vulnerability in HBV-related HCC. Therefore, targeting ACSS2 could be a novel strategy against HBV-related HCC.

During the critical period of global cancer epidemiological transition, the American Cancer Society (ACS) recently published "Cancer Statistics, 2026" on the projected cancer data in the United States. To objectively evaluate the differences in cancer control systems between China and the United States, we compared the actual data of 2022 from National Cancer Center of China (NCC) with the latest the United States data. The mortality-to-incidence (M/I) ratio was used as the core indicator to evaluate clinical diagnosis and screening efficiency, and the Joinpoint regression trends from the source reports were analyzed. In addition, a sensitivity analysis model was built to adjust for the differences in the proportion of death-certificate-only (DCO) cases and the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on China's 2022 cancer screening data. There is a significant contrast in the epidemiological characteristics of cancer between China and the United States in terms of cancer species composition and overall prognosis, which essentially reflects the differences in the epidemiological history of the two countries. This also suggests that in the future, China's cancer prevention and control strategies should shift towards precise hierarchical management to further narrow the gap in health efficacy.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of acute kidney injury in severe burn patients,and to construct a visual risk nomogram model.Methods A total of 390 patients with severe burn admitted to the Institute of Burn Frostbite and Tissue Function Reconstruction of Chinese People's Armed Police Force Specialty Medical Center from January 2018 to January 2022 were collected as an internal training data set,and 50 patients with severe burn admitted from February to December 2022 were collected as an external validation data set.The 390 patients of the internal training data set were divided into the acute kidney injury group and the non-acute kidney injury group according to the occurrence of acute kidney injury,and the baseline data of patients in the two groups were compared.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of acute kidney injury in severe burn patients of the internal training data set,and a nomogram model was drawn.Subsequently,the model was verified both internally and externally.Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-rank test were used to compare the 90-day survival rate of patients between the acute kidney injury group and the non-acute kidney injury group.Results The burn area(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.06 to 2.36,P=0.004),sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.21 to 5.92,P<0.001),inhalation injury(OR=3.21,95%CI:1.23 to 6.35,P<0.001),neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.05 to 3.65,P<0.001)and albumin(ALB)(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.57 to 0.92,P=0.011)were the independent risk factors for the development of acute kidney injury in severe burn patients.The nomogram model was established by the above factors.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of the internal training data set was 0.833(95%CI:0.752 to 0.935),the sensitivity was 81.2%,and the specificity was 83.2%.The AUC of the external validation data set was 0.842(95%CI:0.762 to 0.912),the sensitivity 87.2%,and the specificity was 78.7%.The 90-day survival rate of patients in the acute kidney injury group after burns was significantly lower than that in the non-acute kidney injury group(P<0.001).Conclusion Larger burn area,higher SOFA score,combined inhalation injury,increased NLR,and decreased ALB level are the risk factors for the occurrence of acute kidney injury in severe burn patients,which are related to the 90-day survival rate of patients after burns.The nomogram model based on the risk factors can provide certain reference for clinical individualized prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury in severe burn patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic value of plasma RAS association domain family 1A(RASSF1A)gene methylation combined with tumor marker detection in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A total of 98 NSCLC patients admitted to Qinhuangdao First Hospital from June 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the NSCLC group,and 95 patients who under-went pulmonary examinations during the same period but were not diagnosed with NSCLC were selected as the disease control group.Their general clinical data were collected.The correlations among plasma RASSF1A gene methylation,tumor markers,and clinicopatho-logical features were analyzed.The effects of RASSF1A gene methylation and tumor markers on the diagnosis of NSCLC were analyzed by the multivariate Logistic regression.A predictive model was constructed,and its effectiveness was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve and goodness of fit test.Results There were significant differences(P＜0.05)in smoking history,neu-ron specific enolase(NSE),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1(CYFRA21-1),and RASSF1A methylation levels between the NSCLC group and non-NSCLC group.There were also significant differences(P＜0.05)in RASSF1A methylation levels,NSE,CEA,and CYFR21-1 levels among NSCLC patients with different clinical characteristics such as tumor diam-eter,differentiation degree,and growth type.The results of multivariate Logistic analysis showed that RASSF1A methylation levels(OR=1.071,95％CI:1.042-1.100),NSE(OR=1.168,95％CI:1.132-1.204),CEA(OR=1.154,95％CI:1.121-1.187),and CYFR21-1(OR=1.089,95％CI:1.023-1.195)were all independent risk factors for the diagnosis of NSCLC.A model predicting the occurrence of NSCLC was constructed using the principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),and the ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under the ROC curve(AUCROC),sensitivity,and specificity of the prediction model for the RASSF1A methylation level combined with NSE,CEA,and CYFR21-1 were 0.922(95％CI:0.896-0.948),0.897,and 0.851,respectively,which were higher than those of the RASSF1A methylation level,NSE,CEA,and CYFR21-1 alone.Conclusion The prediction model of plasma RASSF1A gene methylation level combined with tumor markers has high diagnostic value for NSCLC and can be used for the clinical diagnosis of NSCLC.

Objective:To investigate level and influencing factors of information overload of intensive care unit (ICU) patients′ decision-making agents in order to provide positive clinical interventions for improving their information overload.Methods:During March 2023 to February 2024, 302 ICU patients′ decision-making agents from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University of the People′s Liberation Army of China were cross-sectional surveyed by Basic Information Questionnaire, Information Overloading Scale, Decision Participation Expectancy Scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, Vickers Forest Physician Trust Scale, Decision Preparation Scale, Decision Fatigue Scale and Information Literacy Scale through convenience sampling methods.Results:In the valid 297 questionnaires, there were 172 males and 125 females in ICU patients′ decision-making agents aged 28-69(47.94 ± 8.71) years. The score of information overload was (19.65 ± 7.71), the score of perceived social support was (52.34 ± 7.87), the score of state anxiety was (60.88 ± 6.16), the score of trait anxiety was (60.09 ± 5.49), the score of physician trust was (35.34 ± 4.30), the score of preparation of decision was (27.90 ± 3.01), the score of decision fatigue was (20.61 ± 3.30), and the score of information literacy was (56.18 ± 11.46) in ICU patients′ decision-making agents. Linear regression analysis showed that age, educational level, having a common decision-maker, times of making medical decisions, type of participating in medical decision (cooperative type and proactive type), perceived social support, state anxiety, physician trust, preparation for decision making, decision fatigue and information literacy were all significant influencing factors of information overload of ICU patients′ decision-making agents ( t values were -6.76 to 7.57, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of information overload of ICU patients′ decision-making agents was above average. Therefore, while educating them about patients′ illness situation and inviting them to participate in decision-making, ICU medical staff should pay attention on their level of information overload, and then select simply easy communication methods and content to help them quickly understand information and make decisions according to their characteristics and information processing ability.

A mounting body of research suggests that circRNAs significantly contribute to the develop-ment of myocardial fibrosis.The microarray results of human circular RNA expression profile indicated that circHERC4_041 expression increased in the myocardium of patients with heart failure,RT-qPCR a-nalysis confirmed that the myocardial expression level of circHERC4_041 in individuals with heart failure were considerably elevated compared to that in healthy organ donors.Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)confirmed that circHERC4_041 was abundant in the cytoplasm of human cardiomyocyte AC16.Overexpression of circHERC4_041 in mouse myocardial fibroblasts(mCFs)mediated by adenovirus in-hibited the expression of fibrosis-related proteins in mCFs.Experiments involving cell proliferation,wound healing,and Transwell assays demonstrated that overexpression of circHERC4_041 suppressed the growth and mobility of mCFs(P＜0.001).Sequence analysis results suggested that circHERC4_041 con-tains potential ribosome entry sequence(IRES)and open reading frame(ORF).Western blot confirmed that circHERC4_041 could translate the 516 amino acid HERC4-516aa protein,which was mainly located in the cytoplasm of the cell.Cell functional experiments confirmed that circHERC4_041 inhibited the fi-brotic phenotype of mCFs by specifically translating HERC4-516aa(P＜0.05).The specific interaction between HERC4-516aa and transglutaminase 2(TGM2)was confirmed by IP-MS screening and Co-IP i-dentification.Further results found that the degradation of TGM2 was promoted through proteasome path-way.The overexpression of TGM2 in mCFs facilitated by adenoviral vectors could counteract the suppres-sive effects of HERC4-516aa on the fibrotic phenotype of mCFs.Therefore,this study confirmed that the HERC4-516aa protein translated by circHERC4_041 can specifically bind to TGM2 to inhibit the fibrotic phenotype of myocardial fibroblasts.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from ethyl acetate fraction of Balanophora harlandii Hook.f.and their tyrosinase inhibitory activity.METHODS Separation and purification were performed using silica gel,MCI,ODS,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The monophenolase inhibitory activity was determined by the tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of L-tyrosine.RESULTS Twenty-four compounds were isolated and identified as sesamin(1),methyl caffeate(2),quercetin(3),5,7-dihydroxychromanone(4),methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate(5),esculetin(6),kaempferol(7),naringenin(8),pyrogallic acid(9),pinosylvin(10),methyl propionate(11),caffeic acid(12),saccharinol(13),ferulic acid(14),trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid(15),cinnamic acid(16),vanillic acid(17),vanillin(18),4-hydroxyacetophenone(19),4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(20),apigenin(21),(-)-isolariciresinol(22),(-)-secoisolariciresinol(23)and meso-2,3-di(3′,4′-methylenedioxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol(24).The IC50 values of compounds 3,5,7,8,19,and 20 ranged from(0.246 5±0.028 3)to(1.278 2±0.021 3)mmol/L.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-9、11、15、17-21、24 are isolated from this plant for the first time,and 1,6,9,17-19,24 are first isolated from genus Balanophora.Compounds 3、5、7、8、19 and 20 have tyrosinase inhibitory activity.

A mounting body of research suggests that circRNAs significantly contribute to the develop-ment of myocardial fibrosis.The microarray results of human circular RNA expression profile indicated that circHERC4_041 expression increased in the myocardium of patients with heart failure,RT-qPCR a-nalysis confirmed that the myocardial expression level of circHERC4_041 in individuals with heart failure were considerably elevated compared to that in healthy organ donors.Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)confirmed that circHERC4_041 was abundant in the cytoplasm of human cardiomyocyte AC16.Overexpression of circHERC4_041 in mouse myocardial fibroblasts(mCFs)mediated by adenovirus in-hibited the expression of fibrosis-related proteins in mCFs.Experiments involving cell proliferation,wound healing,and Transwell assays demonstrated that overexpression of circHERC4_041 suppressed the growth and mobility of mCFs(P＜0.001).Sequence analysis results suggested that circHERC4_041 con-tains potential ribosome entry sequence(IRES)and open reading frame(ORF).Western blot confirmed that circHERC4_041 could translate the 516 amino acid HERC4-516aa protein,which was mainly located in the cytoplasm of the cell.Cell functional experiments confirmed that circHERC4_041 inhibited the fi-brotic phenotype of mCFs by specifically translating HERC4-516aa(P＜0.05).The specific interaction between HERC4-516aa and transglutaminase 2(TGM2)was confirmed by IP-MS screening and Co-IP i-dentification.Further results found that the degradation of TGM2 was promoted through proteasome path-way.The overexpression of TGM2 in mCFs facilitated by adenoviral vectors could counteract the suppres-sive effects of HERC4-516aa on the fibrotic phenotype of mCFs.Therefore,this study confirmed that the HERC4-516aa protein translated by circHERC4_041 can specifically bind to TGM2 to inhibit the fibrotic phenotype of myocardial fibroblasts.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of CT angiography(CTA)imaging and fluoroscopic fusion navigation techniques in left atrial appendage closure(LAAC).Methods A total of 82 patients underwent LAAC in this prospective study and were matched(1:1)according to whether they underwent image fusion or not.The fusion group(41 cases)consisted of patients who received LAAC with the support of CTA and X-ray fluoroscopy fusion technology;The non fusion group(41 cases)consisted of patients who underwent surgery using traditional surgical methods without the support of this technology.Record the intraoperative indicators,perioperative complications,and postoperative follow-up outcomes of both groups.Results The surgical time in the fusion group was significantly shorter than that in the non fusion group[(50.23±25.23)min vs.(65.71±29.15)min,P=0.012],The difference is statistically significant.Compared with the non fusion group,the fusion group significantly reduced the total radiation dose[(195.15±205.59)mGy vs.(351.08±196.54)mGy],dose area product[(22.47±20.05)Gy·cm2vs.(38.12±19.38)Gy·cm2],and X-ray fluoroscopy time[(9.03±3.58)min vs.(13.35±4.23)min].Correspondingly to the radiation dose,the amount of contrast agent used in the fusion group was also relatively reduced[(59.32±24.65)ml vs.(93.12±35.08)ml],and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.001).There was a significant difference in the rate of repeated interval puncture(2.44％vs.12.20％,P=0.090),but the difference was not statistically significant.Occluder implantation success rates were identical(100.00％vs.100.00％).No statistically significant differences in procedural complications were observed between the groups.Conclusions Three-dimensional CTA and fluoroscopic fusion navigation techniques are not only feasible and safe but also enhance the efficiency of LAAC procedures.