Objective: DUO-E/GOG-3041/ENGOT-EN10 (NCT04269200) demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful progression-free survival (PFS) improvement with durvalumab plus carboplatin/paclitaxel, followed by durvalumab with or without olaparib, vs. carboplatin/paclitaxel alone (intention-to-treat [ITT] population) in patients with newly diagnosed advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. We evaluated efficacy and safety in the Japan subset of DUO-E. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III/IV or recurrent endometrial cancer were randomized 1:1:1 to control arm (carboplatin/paclitaxel + durvalumab placebo [6 cycles] followed by durvalumab placebo + olaparib placebo), durvalumab arm (carboplatin/paclitaxel + durvalumab [1,120 mg every 3 weeks] [6 cycles] followed by durvalumab [1,500 mg every 4 weeks] + olaparib placebo), or durvalumab + olaparib arm (carboplatin/paclitaxel + durvalumab [6 cycles] followed by durvalumab + olaparib [300 mg twice a day]). Dual primary endpoints were investigatorassessed PFS for durvalumab and durvalumab + olaparib arms vs. control. This prespecified exploratory analysis evaluated PFS and safety in the Japan subset. Results: In the Japan subset (n=88) PFS favored durvalumab (hazard ratio=0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.32–1.12) and durvalumab + olaparib (0.44, 95% CI=0.22–0.85) vs. control; median PFS was 9.9 and 15.1 vs. 9.5 months, and the 18-month PFS rate was 37.0% and 42.1% vs. 22.2%, respectively. The safety profile in the Japan subset was generally consistent with the full safety analysis set and the established profiles of the individual agents. Conclusion Efficacy and safety in the Japan subset were generally consistent with outcomes in the DUO-E ITT population. This Japanese subset analysis of DUO-E supports carboplatin/ paclitaxel + durvalumab followed by durvalumab with or without olaparib as new treatment options in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer and is the first to report on these regimens in Japanese patients alone.

A 62-year-old woman who had suffered from malignant articular rheumatism since 2000 felt fatigue, exertional dyspnea and edema was admitted in May 2009. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated a dip-and-plateau pattern of the pressure curve of RV. Therefore we diagnosed constrictive pericarditis. She decided to have surgery as soon as possible. As she had also been troubled with constrictive pulmonary damage, chronic renal failure, and was taking an inotropic agent, we concluded that the use of extracorporeal circulation was risky. After median sternotomy, we recognized diastolic insufficiency of the heart due to hypertrophy of the epicardium. Using an ultrasonic scalpel and electrotome, we incised the thickened epicardium with a waffle procedure. The dip-and-plateau disappeared and as a result the cardiac index was improved immediately (1.9 l/min/m²→2.6 l/min/m²). She was discharged on postoperative day 25. In this way waffle procedure for constrictive pericarditis can an effective surgical procedure for a high risk patient.

OBJECTIVETo characterize the symptoms of neurogenic intrapelvic syndrome and the pathogenic mechanisms.

METHODSA total of 537 patients with neurogenic intrapelvic syndrome were treated in the Takano Hospital between 2001 and 2005. Clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe mean age was 58.5 years old. There were 205 males and 332 females. There were 80 patients(14.9%) who presented with only one symptom with anorectal pain being the most common one (43.8%, 35/80). One hundred and fifty-six(29.1%) patients had two symptoms with anorectal pain and difficult evacuation being the most common combination (26.3%, 41/156). There were 144 patients (26.8%) complained of 3 symptoms and the most common combination was anorectal pain, difficult evacuation, and abdominal discomfort (30.0%, 43/144). A combination of 4 symptoms was reported in 105 patients(19.6%) with the combination of anorectal pain, incontinence, abdominal discomfort, and lumbar discomfort being the most often(65.7%, 69/105). In addition, there were 52 patients(9.7%) who had above 5 symptoms simultaneously. The frequencies of the 5 symptoms were 73.6% for anorectal pain, 27.9% for incontinence, 69.6% for difficult evacuation, 55.3% for abdominal discomfort, and 53.6% for lumbar discomfort.

CONCLUSIONSSymptomatology of neurogenic intrapelvic syndrome is complicated. The pathogenic mechanism may be related to concurrent dysfunction of sacral nerve and pelvic splanchnic nerve.

Encopresis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Pain ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVESThe aim of this study is to examine the utilities of antenatal care with comprehensive health education qualified in Phnom Penh for the health of mothers and infants during perinatal and postpartum periods. Attention was given to the existing socioeconomic disparties among women in this urban area, and the utilities were discussed irrespective of socioeconomic status.

METHODSA total of 436 pregnant women in an urban area in Phnom Penh were selected using a complete survey in randomly sampled villages and were followed up. Participating in antenatal care with comprehensive health education at least three time was regarded as the use of "qualified antenatal care" during pregnancy. In this study, we investigated the independent associations of the use of qualified antenatal care with the following outcome variables after the adjustment for the influence of socieconomic variables: postpartum maternal health knowledge, postpartum maternal anemia, low birth weight, and infant immunization.

RESULTSOf the 314 subjects who completed the follow-up examination, 66.8% used qualified antenatal care during pregnancy. The use of qualified antenatal care was positively associated with postpartum maternal health knowledge (OR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.12-5.05). and reductions in the incidences of postpartum anemia (OR=0.22,95% CI: 0.05-0.95) and low birth weight (OR=0.05,95% CI: 0.01-0.39) after the adjustment of the influence of socioeconomic status. The infants born to mothers who used qualified antenatal care had significantly higher coverage of BCG, DPT(1), and DTP(3) immunizations (P<0.001,P<0.001, andP<0.01, respectively), independent of their socioeconomic conditions.

CONCLUSIONThis study shows the solid utilities of qualified antenatal care in Phnom Penh for perinatal health.