Objective:To investigate the relationship of plasma residual cholesterol (RC), atherogenic index (AI), triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (THR) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to HDL-C ratio (LHR) with mild cognitive impairment(MCI) in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 318 T2DM patients aged 50-80 years admitted to the general practice ward of Tiantan Hospital from October 2023 to May 2024 were enrolled. The relevant clinical data were collected, including patient basic information, glycated hemoglobin, lipid test results, and cognitive level was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) form. According to MMSE scores, the patients were divided into the MCI group ( n=102) and the normal cognitive (NC) group ( n=216). Results:Compared with the NC group, patients in MCI group had a older age, longer diabetes duration, lower education level, higher HbA1c, and higher plasma TG levels ( P<0.05). The levels of RC, AI, LHR, and THR in the MCI group were significantly higher than those in the NC group ( P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RC ( OR=1.981, P=0.045), AI ( OR=1.657, P=0.043), LHR ( OR=4.360, P=0.001), and THR ( OR=2.908, P=0.002) were independently associated with mild cognitive impairment in T2DM patients. Age-stratified analysis revealed that among T2DM patients aged 60 to 69 years, all four plasma lipid parameters were associated with the risk of MCI in T2DM patients ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Plasma levels of RC, AI, LHR and THR are significantly associated with MCI in middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients, while LHR and THR have a closer association with MCI.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of plasma residual cholesterol (RC), atherogenic index (AI), triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (THR) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to HDL-C ratio (LHR) with mild cognitive impairment(MCI) in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 318 T2DM patients aged 50-80 years admitted to the general practice ward of Tiantan Hospital from October 2023 to May 2024 were enrolled. The relevant clinical data were collected, including patient basic information, glycated hemoglobin, lipid test results, and cognitive level was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) form. According to MMSE scores, the patients were divided into the MCI group ( n=102) and the normal cognitive (NC) group ( n=216). Results:Compared with the NC group, patients in MCI group had a older age, longer diabetes duration, lower education level, higher HbA1c, and higher plasma TG levels ( P<0.05). The levels of RC, AI, LHR, and THR in the MCI group were significantly higher than those in the NC group ( P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RC ( OR=1.981, P=0.045), AI ( OR=1.657, P=0.043), LHR ( OR=4.360, P=0.001), and THR ( OR=2.908, P=0.002) were independently associated with mild cognitive impairment in T2DM patients. Age-stratified analysis revealed that among T2DM patients aged 60 to 69 years, all four plasma lipid parameters were associated with the risk of MCI in T2DM patients ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Plasma levels of RC, AI, LHR and THR are significantly associated with MCI in middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients, while LHR and THR have a closer association with MCI.

Objective:To explore the protective effects of hematoma aspiration combined with hyperbaric oxygen（HBO）therapy on the brain tissue of rats after cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups：sham operation group，model group，operation group（hematoma aspiration），and combined treatment group（minimally invasive hematoma aspiration + HBO），with 10 rats in each group. The neurological deficits of rats in each group were scored by Longa scoring method. The water content of the brain tissue of rats in each group was detected by dry/wet weight measurement. The pathological changes in the hippocampus tissue of rats in each group were observed by H&E staining. The number of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis of rats in each group was detected by TUNEL assay. The expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF）and Aquaporin-4（AQP4）in the hippocampus of rats in each group were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The protein expressions of Bax，Bcl-2，JAK2，p-JAK2，STAT3，and p-STAT3 in the brain tissue of rats in each group were detected by Western blotting.Results:Compared with the sham operation group，the model group had significantly higher nerve injury function scores and brain tissue water content，and showed brain tissue hemorrhage，cell pyknosis，enlarged intercellular space，increased glial cells，and decreased neurons；the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons in the model group increased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions in the model group increased，while the BDNF expression in the model group decreased（ P<0.05）. Compared with the model group，the operation group and the combined treatment group had lower nerve injury function scores and less brain tissue water content，and the brain tissue injury in the two groups was reduced. In both groups，the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons decreased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions decreased，while the BDNF expression increased（ P<0.05）. Compared with the operation group，the combined treatment group had significantly lower nerve injury function score and less brain water content，and its cell pyknosis，edema，and other conditions significantly subsided. In the combined treatment group，the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons decreased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions decreased，while the BDNF expression increased（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:Hematoma aspiration combined with HBO therapy has a protective effect on rat brain with injury due to cerebral hemorrhage，and the protective mechanism may be related to the inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway．

Objective:To explore the protective effects of hematoma aspiration combined with hyperbaric oxygen（HBO）therapy on the brain tissue of rats after cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups：sham operation group，model group，operation group（hematoma aspiration），and combined treatment group（minimally invasive hematoma aspiration + HBO），with 10 rats in each group. The neurological deficits of rats in each group were scored by Longa scoring method. The water content of the brain tissue of rats in each group was detected by dry/wet weight measurement. The pathological changes in the hippocampus tissue of rats in each group were observed by H&E staining. The number of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis of rats in each group was detected by TUNEL assay. The expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor（BDNF）and Aquaporin-4（AQP4）in the hippocampus of rats in each group were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The protein expressions of Bax，Bcl-2，JAK2，p-JAK2，STAT3，and p-STAT3 in the brain tissue of rats in each group were detected by Western blotting.Results:Compared with the sham operation group，the model group had significantly higher nerve injury function scores and brain tissue water content，and showed brain tissue hemorrhage，cell pyknosis，enlarged intercellular space，increased glial cells，and decreased neurons；the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons in the model group increased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions in the model group increased，while the BDNF expression in the model group decreased（ P<0.05）. Compared with the model group，the operation group and the combined treatment group had lower nerve injury function scores and less brain tissue water content，and the brain tissue injury in the two groups was reduced. In both groups，the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons decreased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions decreased，while the BDNF expression increased（ P<0.05）. Compared with the operation group，the combined treatment group had significantly lower nerve injury function score and less brain water content，and its cell pyknosis，edema，and other conditions significantly subsided. In the combined treatment group，the apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons decreased（ P<0.05）；the AQP4，p-JAK2，and p-STAT3 expressions decreased，while the BDNF expression increased（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:Hematoma aspiration combined with HBO therapy has a protective effect on rat brain with injury due to cerebral hemorrhage，and the protective mechanism may be related to the inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway．

0.05).At week 52,there was significant difference in the undetectable HBV DNA rate between group C and group B(P0.05),and the rate of drug resistant genotype was 21.9%(7/32)、0、0(P