Objective:Based on the functional classification structure of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health′s rehabilitation set (ICF-RS), the data available in the open database of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed longitudinally to construct the development trajectories of different functional dimensions among China′s elderly population.Methods:The CHARLS data for 2013, 2015 and 2018 describing persons aged 60 and older were distributed using the ICF-RS′s classification structure. Group-based multi-trajectory modeling (GBMTM) was then applied to analyze the characteristics of the development trajectories of physical functioning, daily activities and social participation.Results:Different development trajectory subtypes emerged from the data. A gradual decline in physical functioning was evident throughout the study period, while daily activities first improved and then declined. Social participation was in decline throughout the period. There were, however, significant differences in the initial functional level, the degree of decline and the degree of decline reversal among the different subtype groups.Conclusions:The overall functional performance of the elderly in China shows a downward trend, but some functional dimensions can still improve with time, at least during the specific period covered in this open database. It is recommended that the ICF-RS be integrated into the CHARLS to comprehensively assess the classification of function and developmental changes among China′s elderly.

Objective To compare the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS),functional electrical stimulation(FES)of the forearm flexors,and their combined intervention on grip strength and cerebral cortical activation in healthy young adults.Methods From December,2024 to March,2025,twelve healthy right-handed young volunteers aged 20 to 23 years were recruited from the Fifth Hospital of Xiamen.They were randomly assigned to receive tDCS alone(tDCS group),FES alone(FES group),or simultaneous tDCS-FES(Sim group)in a crossover design.For tDCS,synchronous bihemispheric stimulation of the primary motor cortex(M1)was applied(anode on the left/cathode on the right).FES was delivered to the right flexor carpi radialis and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles.Isometric maximal grip strength was measured before and after each intervention,and functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)was used to synchronously monitor oxyhemoglobin(HbO2)during grip strength tasks.Results A case dropped down.The effect of time on grip strength was significant(F=3.964,P=0.048);Post-hoc tests revealed that grip strength significantly increased after intervention in both FES group and Sim group(P<0.05).The effect of groups was significant on HbO2 of the left prefrontal cortex(PFC)and left premotor and supplemen-tary motor cortex(PMC)(F>3.613,P<0.05);Post-hoc tests revealed that the HbO2 of the left PFC and left pri-mary sensory cortex was higher in FES group than in Sim group,while the HbO2 of the left PMC and right PMC was higher in tDCS group than in Sim group(all P<0.05).Correlation analysis indicated that the grip strength was positively correlated with the HbO2 of the bilateral M1 only in Sim group(r>0.694,P<0.05).Conclusion For healthy young adults,tDCS alone mainly activates motor-related brain regions such as PFC and PMC,while FES alone directly enhances peripheral muscle force output and activates the left PFC to participate in mo-tor regulation.The combined intervention achieves the maximum gain in grip strength through a brain-limb inte-grated regulation mechanism,which may be associated with optimization of neural resource and M1 activity.

Objective To compare the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS),functional electrical stimulation(FES)of the forearm flexors,and their combined intervention on grip strength and cerebral cortical activation in healthy young adults.Methods From December,2024 to March,2025,twelve healthy right-handed young volunteers aged 20 to 23 years were recruited from the Fifth Hospital of Xiamen.They were randomly assigned to receive tDCS alone(tDCS group),FES alone(FES group),or simultaneous tDCS-FES(Sim group)in a crossover design.For tDCS,synchronous bihemispheric stimulation of the primary motor cortex(M1)was applied(anode on the left/cathode on the right).FES was delivered to the right flexor carpi radialis and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles.Isometric maximal grip strength was measured before and after each intervention,and functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)was used to synchronously monitor oxyhemoglobin(HbO2)during grip strength tasks.Results A case dropped down.The effect of time on grip strength was significant(F=3.964,P=0.048);Post-hoc tests revealed that grip strength significantly increased after intervention in both FES group and Sim group(P<0.05).The effect of groups was significant on HbO2 of the left prefrontal cortex(PFC)and left premotor and supplemen-tary motor cortex(PMC)(F>3.613,P<0.05);Post-hoc tests revealed that the HbO2 of the left PFC and left pri-mary sensory cortex was higher in FES group than in Sim group,while the HbO2 of the left PMC and right PMC was higher in tDCS group than in Sim group(all P<0.05).Correlation analysis indicated that the grip strength was positively correlated with the HbO2 of the bilateral M1 only in Sim group(r>0.694,P<0.05).Conclusion For healthy young adults,tDCS alone mainly activates motor-related brain regions such as PFC and PMC,while FES alone directly enhances peripheral muscle force output and activates the left PFC to participate in mo-tor regulation.The combined intervention achieves the maximum gain in grip strength through a brain-limb inte-grated regulation mechanism,which may be associated with optimization of neural resource and M1 activity.

Objective:Based on the functional classification structure of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health′s rehabilitation set (ICF-RS), the data available in the open database of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed longitudinally to construct the development trajectories of different functional dimensions among China′s elderly population.Methods:The CHARLS data for 2013, 2015 and 2018 describing persons aged 60 and older were distributed using the ICF-RS′s classification structure. Group-based multi-trajectory modeling (GBMTM) was then applied to analyze the characteristics of the development trajectories of physical functioning, daily activities and social participation.Results:Different development trajectory subtypes emerged from the data. A gradual decline in physical functioning was evident throughout the study period, while daily activities first improved and then declined. Social participation was in decline throughout the period. There were, however, significant differences in the initial functional level, the degree of decline and the degree of decline reversal among the different subtype groups.Conclusions:The overall functional performance of the elderly in China shows a downward trend, but some functional dimensions can still improve with time, at least during the specific period covered in this open database. It is recommended that the ICF-RS be integrated into the CHARLS to comprehensively assess the classification of function and developmental changes among China′s elderly.

This study was aimed to observe clinical effect of Wu-Fu Ma-Xin Gui-Jiang (WFMXGJ) decoction treatment for patients with nonspecific low back pain. A total of 60 nonspecific low back pain cases were selected and randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in the treatment group were treated with modified WFMXGJ decoction, while cases in the control group were given rou-tine treatment of oral administration of nimesulide sustained-release tablets. Seven days were one treatment course. Comparison was made on Visual Analogue Scale/Score (VAS), clinical symptoms and body signs before and after treatment between two groups. The results showed that compared with pretreatment, low back pain were relieved with obviously improved VAS among patients in both groups (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the treatment group and the control group. In the treatment group, acute low back pain VAS was obviously improved than the chronic low back pain VAS (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance between the acute and chronic low back pain in the control group. In the treatment group, the total effective rate was 93.33%;and the con-trol group was 73.33%. The clinical effect of treatment group was more significant than the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance on acute and chronic low back pain in the treatment group and the control group. The recurrent rate of the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). In the treatment group, the recurrence rate of chronic low back pain patients was higher (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on the comparison between acute and chronic low back pain in the control group. It was concluded that modified WFMXGJ decoction had obvious therapeutic effect on treatment of nonspecific low back pain, especially for the improvement of acute low back pain, with non-toxic side effects and low recurrence rate. It is worthy of fur-ther research and promotion.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of acupuncture on poststroke insomnia. Methods 64 cases with poststroke insomnia were randomly divided into 2 groups,acupuncture group (n=32) and control group (n=32). The control group was treated with oral antipsychotic drugs. They were evaluated with Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and clinical assessment. Results The PSQI were no significant difference (P>0.05) between the 2 groups before treatment, but obviously decreased after treatment (P<0.05). The PSQI in acupuncture group were obviously superior to that in control group (P<0.05). The effective rate, which was 96.88% in acupuncture group, was markedly higher than that in control group, which was 81.25% (P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture can improve poststroke insomnia effectively and safely.