Prolonged standing work can lead to various lower limb health issues. Footwear, as a convenient and noninvasive intervention, plays a key role in foot protection. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the impact of footwear characteristics on foot comfort among workers engaged in prolonged standing occupations. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library was conducted until March 2025 for experimental and observational studies; the review is registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD420251003253).Given the diversity of study designs, participant characteristics, and outcome measures, results were synthesized narratively, organizing findings by footwear design factors. The synthesis indicated that soft soles reduce foot impact and fatigue but offer limited support, whereas hard soles enhance stability but may cause localized pressure and discomfort. Sole hardness should balance cushioning and support based on activity: hard soles for standing and soft soles for walking. Insole hardness must be carefully considered as semirigid arch supports can cause discomfort. Most insoles improve pressure distribution by adjusting arch loading, and some enhance intrinsic foot muscles by promoting toe engagement, reducing leg swelling. Custom orthotic insoles outperform standard ones in comfort and balance. Future research should promote interdisciplinary collaboration with footwear designers to explore key design parameters and establish a scientific framework for protective footwear.

OBJECTIVE: This study examines utilizes the advantages of machine learning algorithms to discern key determinants in prognosticate postoperative circulatory complications (PCCs) for older patients. METHODS: This secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial involved 1,720 elderly participants in five tertiary hospitals in Beijing, China. Participants aged 60-90 years undergoing major non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia. The primary outcome metric of the study was the occurrence of PCCs, according to the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Anaesthesiology diagnostic criteria. The analysis metrics contained 67 candidate variables, including baseline characteristics, laboratory tests, and scale assessments. RESULTS: Our feature selection process identified key variables that significantly impact patient outcomes, including the duration of ICU stay, surgery, and anesthesia; APACHE-II score; intraoperative average heart rate and blood loss; cumulative opioid use during surgery; patient age; VAS-Move-Median score on the 1st to 3rd day; Charlson comorbidity score; volumes of intraoperative plasma, crystalloid, and colloid fluids; cumulative red blood cell transfusion during surgery; and endotracheal intubation duration. Notably, our Random Forest model demonstrated exceptional performance with an accuracy of 0.9872. CONCLUSION We have developed and validated an algorithm for predicting PCCs in elderly patients by identifying key risk factors.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology* ; Machine Learning ; Postoperative Complications/etiology* ; Risk Factors ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Secondary Data Analysis

Methods: Female Sprague–Dawley rats with induced chronic cervical spinal cord compression were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) LBP alone; (2) decompression alone; (3) decompression+LBP; (4) no treatment; and (5) sham surgery. Decompression was performed 4 weeks after compression. Outcomes were assessed using neurobehavioral tests, electrophysiology, and histological/immunohistochemical analyses. Results: Baseline spinal cord injury severity was comparable across groups, as confirmed by electrophysiological studies. At 8 weeks postsurgery, rats in the decompression+LBP group showed significantly greater recovery of hindlimb function compared with rats in the decompression alone group. Improvements in somatosensory evoked potential and motor evoked potential latency and amplitude were also more pronounced in the decompression+LBP group. Histological analyses demonstrated reduced myelin vacuolation and increased myelin density with LBP treatment. Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that LBP derived from Chinese herbal medicine enhances neurological and functional recovery when combined with decompression in a rat model of CSM. These findings support further clinical investigation of LBP as an adjunctive therapy in patients with CSM.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Air Microbiology ; Bacteria/isolation & purification* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis* ; DNA, Ribosomal/analysis* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia, Bacterial/microbiology* ; Risk Assessment/methods* ; Young Adult

Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Circulating Tumor DNA/genetics* ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVEAdvances in genomics and molecular biology have led to the discovery of a large group of uncharacterized long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Emerging evidence indicated that many lncRNAs function in multiple biological processes and its dysregulation often causes diseases. Recent studies suggested that almost all regulatory lncRNAs interact with biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and protein. LncRNAs regulate gene expression mainly on three levels, including epigenetic modification, transcription, and posttranscription, through DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling. LncRNAs can also affect the development of diseases and therefore be used to diagnose and treat diseases. With new sequencing and microarray techniques, hundreds of lncRNAs involved in reproductive disorders have been identified, but their functions in these disorders are undefined.

DATA SOURCESThis review was based on articles published in PubMed databases up to July 10, 2017, with the following keywords: "long noncoding RNAs", "LncRNA", "placentation", and "reproductive diseases".

STUDY SELECTIONOriginal articles and reviews on the topics were selected.

RESULTSLncRNAs widely participate in various physiological and pathological processes as a new class of important regulatory factors. In spermatogenesis, spermatocytes divide and differentiate into mature spermatozoa. The whole process is elaborately regulated by the expression of phase-specific genes that involve many strains of lncRNAs. Literature showed that lncRNA in reproductive cumulus cells may contribute to the regulation of oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development.

CONCLUSIONSLncRNA has been found to play a role in the development of reproduction. Meanwhile, we reviewed the studies on how lncRNAs participate in reproductive disorders, which provides a basis for the study of lncRNA in reproduction regulation.

Objective To investigate the influence of body mass index(BMI) on the prognosis of patients who had received elective PCI.Methods The study population consisted of 2964 consecutive patients with electivePCIs performed between July 2009 and September 2011. The patients were divided into three groups based on their preoperative BMI levels:the normal group( BMI<24.0 kg/m2,n=810); the overweight group( 24.0 kg/m2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m2,n=1454) and the obese group(BMI≥28.0 kg/m2,n=700). We examined the association between baseline BMI levels and postoperative mortality through a mean(571.5±130.8)days of follow up.Results Patients with high BMI had a higher percentage of comorbidities compared with the normal BMI group. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that preoperative BMI was inversely associated with mortality after adjustment for other factors (HR 0.896,95％ CI 0.821-0.977,P=0.031). Compared with the obese group, the hazard ratios for risk of mortality in the overweight and the normal groups were 1.908(95％CI 0.689-5.291,P=0.213) and 2.241(95％CI 1.154-4.350,P=0.017).Conclusions For patients undergoing elective PCI, individuals with obesity and overweight had the better prognosis than those with normal BMI.

Background: Ongoing efforts have been made to identify new neuroimaging markers to track amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) progression. This study aimed to explore the monitoring value of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the disease progression of ALS. Methods: From September 2015 to March 2017, ten patients diagnosed with ALS in Peking Union Medical College Hospital completed head MRI scans at baseline and during follow-up. Multimodal MRI analyses, including gray matter (GM) volume measured by voxel-based morphometry; cerebral blood flow (CBF) evaluated by arterial spin labeling; functional connectivity, including low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), measured by resting-state functional MRI; and integrity of white-matter (WM) fiber tracts evaluated by diffusion tensor imaging, were performed in these patients. Comparisons of imaging metrics were made between baseline and follow-up using paired t-test. Results: In the longitudinal comparisons, the brain structure (GM volume of the right precentral gyri, left postcentral gyri, and right thalami) and perfusion (CBF of the bilateral temporal poles, left precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and right middle temporal gyri) in both motor and extramotor areas at follow-up were impaired to different extents when compared with those at baseline (all P < 0.05, false discovery rate adjusted). Functional connectivity was increased in the motor areas (fALFF of the right precentral gyri and superior frontal gyri, and ReHo of right precentral gyri) and decreased in the extramotor areas (fALFF of the bilateral middle frontal gyri and ReHo of the right precuneus and cingulate gyri) (all P < 0.001, unadjusted). No significant changes were detected in terms of brain WM measures. Conclusion Multimodal MRI could be used to monitor short-term brain changes in ALS patients.
Adult ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multimodal Imaging ; methods ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate predictors for planned suicide attempters. METHODS: This study included 1,003 patients who attempted suicide and visited emergency department. They were divided into two groups, planned suicide attempters (SAs; n=133 [13.3%]) and impulsive SAs (n=870, [86.7%]), and the demographic variables, clinical characteristics, factors related to suicide, and psychiatric resources of the groups were compared. RESULTS: Major depressive disorder and substance use disorders were more common among planned SAs than among impulsive SAs. Additionally, the planned SAs were older, more likely to be divorced, separated or widowed, and more likely to have comorbid medical illnesses, severe depression, higher suicidality, and self-blaming tendencies than the impulsive SAs. Financial problems and physical illnesses were more common in planned SAs but interpersonal conflicts were more frequent in impulsive SAs. Planned SAs had fewer previous suicide attempts but these were more serious suicide attempts. The presence of the hope to die, a written will, and suicidal ideation of a repetitive, intense, and continuous nature were predictive of planned SAs. CONCLUSION: The present findings demonstrated that planned SAs had more severe psychopathology and medical illnesses than impulsive SAs. Therefore, screening for depression, substance use disorders, and suicidal plans among old and medically ill patients may be important for preventing suicide attempts.
Depression ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Divorce ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hope ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior ; Mass Screening ; Psychopathology ; Risk Factors* ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide* ; Suicide, Attempted ; Widowhood

Objective To investigate the status quo of smoking cessation and analyze factors influencing smoking cessation in cigarette smoking patients with coronary artery disease(CAD).Method A total of 350 smoking patients with CAD was surveyed by questionnaire,logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze factors influencing smoking cessation.Results Incidence of smoking cessation was 57.1%(200/350)in this cohort.Patients were divided into two groups,the elderlv(>65 years old,n=111)and the young group(≤65 years old,n=239).The smoking cessation rate in the elderlv group is significantly higher than in the young group(71.2%vs.50.6%,P<0.001).Aged patients and patients with high cultural level are easier to give up smoking.Logistic analysis showed that age≤65 years old (OR=2.336,P=0.004),low cultural level(OR=1.310,P=0.028),PCI(OR=0.261.P<0.001).coronary artery bypass graft(OR=0.107,P=0.004),total family income>4000 RMB/month (OR=1.828,P=0.003)are risk factors for failed smoking cessation.There are 76 patients smoking again in current smokers,most due to lack of self-control(76.3%).Compared to the elderly group,there is a higher proportion of smoking again due to the need of daily communication and work in the young group.Conclusions We still need to raise the awareness of smoking cessation for smoking patients with CAD.Following factors should be focused for tobacco control in CAD patients:younger age,lower cuItural level,not treated with PCI or CABG,patients with smoking family members.higher body mass index and higher total family income.