Objective: To test the feasibility and usability of an artificial intelligence (AI)-guided mobile cognitive telerehabilitation program for patients with stroke or older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Thirteen participants with cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score≤26; nine with stroke and four with MCI) were enrolled in the study. Each participant was provided with an AI-guided mobile cognitive rehabilitation program (Zenicog®). Participants were instructed to complete 24 sessions within 6 weeks, and those with sufficient adherence (≥70%, 17 sessions) were included in the analysis. Cognitive assessments included the MMSE, digit span, and Trail Making Tests A & B. The usability questionnaire investigated equitable use and flexibility in use, simple and intuitive use, perceptible information, tolerance for error, low physical effort, size and space for use, overall product quality, overall satisfaction. Results: Eleven participants completed the study, and 10 participants met adherence criteria. The MMSE score increased significantly from 24.00 [21.00, 25.75] at baseline to 27.50 [26.00, 28.75] after intervention. The overall product quality (Likert scale: 1–5) score was 4.00±0.87. The lowest score in the usability questionnaire was for tolerance for error. Female participants and participants with <12 years’ education gave lower scores for tolerance for error and equitable/ flexibility in use, respectively. Conclusion The AI-guided mobile cognitive telerehabilitation program is feasible and potentially beneficial for improving cognitive function in patients with stroke or older adults with MCI. Individuals who are less familiar with electronic devices require special consideration to improve their usability.

BACKGROUND: Various virulence factors and superantigens are encoded by mobile genetic elements. The relationship between clonal background and virulence factors differs in different geographic regions. We compared the distribution and relationship of spa types and virulence genes among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from a tertiary hospital in 2000-01 and 2007-08. METHODS: In 2000-01 and 2007-08, 94 MRSA strains were collected from 3 intensive care units at a Korean tertiary hospital. We performed spa typing and multiplex PCR for 19 superantigen genes. RESULTS: Relatively frequent spa types were t037 (40.5%), t002, t601, and t2138 in 2000-01, and t2460 (43.9%), t002, t037, t601, t324, and t2139 in 2007-08. We identified 4 novel spa types, 2 of which were designated as t5076 and t5079. Superantigen profiles were closely linked to spa types. For example, sea, sek, and seq superantigen genes were mainly detected in t037 strains. CONCLUSIONS: Major spa types differed depending on study periods, and the distribution of superantigen genes correlated with spa type.
Bacterial Typing Techniques ; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics/*isolation & purification/pathogenicity ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology ; Superantigens/genetics ; Virulence/genetics ; Virulence Factors/*genetics

A prompt, accurate diagnosis is essential in the management of acute ligamentous injury of the kriee. With the advent of MRI, the reported accuracy of diagnosis of ACL rupture is as high as 95%. Most MRI studies on ACL injury, however, could not differentiate partial from complete ACL ruptures accurately. It is important to differentiate partial from complete rupture. Because this distinction could be influence the patient management and prognosis. The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of indirect MRI signs for detecting tears and differentiating partial from complete tears of ACL. The present study included 40 patients, who were suspicious ACL injury in MRI finding and underwent arthroscopic examination of knee within one month after injury. At arthroscopy, there were 1 patient of normal, 10 partial and 29 complete ACL ruptures. The radiologist who did not know the arthroscopic findings have reviewed retrospectively and noted indirect MRI signs; ACL angle, PCL index, bone bruise, popliteus muscle injury, posterior displacement of lateral meniscus. Indirect signs in MRI showed significantly improve the detection of ACL rupture from ACL intact knees and help to distinguish partial from complete tear. Especially, among indirect signs in MRI, we consider that the displacement of posterior horn of lateral meniscus(more than 2.0mm) or popliteus muscle injury are indicative of complete ACL rupture.
Animals ; Arthroscopy ; Contusions ; Diagnosis* ; Horns ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Menisci, Tibial ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture