Objective To investigate the pathogenic bacteria and risk factors of urinary tract infection (UTI) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), and construct a prediction model. Methods Elderly patients with T2DM who were admitted to General Hospital of Western Theater Command from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected. They were divided into the observation group (100 cases) and the control group (82 cases) according to the presence or absence of UTI. Pathogenic bacteria was detected, and influencing factors were analyzed. A prediction model was constructed, and its predictive value was evaluated. Results Escherichia coli was the main pathogenic bacteria of UTI in elderly patients with T2DM. There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, 24 h urinary albumin (UALB), serum creatinine (Scr) , blood urea nitrogen (BUN), fasting blood glucose (FBG), gender, complications, course of T2DM , length of hospital stay and serum albumin (ALB) (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis found that advanced age, long course of T2DM, FBG ≥11.1mmol/L and high 24 hUA1b/Scr level were risk factors for UTI in elderly patients with T2DM, and high ALB level was a protective factor. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the constructed model to predict UTI in patients with T2DM was 0.978. The sensitivity and specificity were 91.00% and 97.56%. Conclusion Escherichia coli are main pathogenic bacteria of UTI in elderly patients with T2DM. UTI is related to factors such as patient age, course of T2DM and FBG. The prediction model constructed based on these factors is of high value in predicting UTI in elderly patients with T2DM. It is worthy of promotion in diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the current status of sarcopenia and self-management in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to explore the identification of risk factors for sarcopenia by diabetes self-management ability.Methods:Using convenience sampling, 284 elderly patients with T2DM who visited a community health service center in Beijing from March to September 2023 were selected as subjects. The patients were screened for sarcopenia and received related health examinations based on Asian working group for sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 Consensus. Surveys were conducted using general information questionnaire, the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities measure, and other questionnaires. Patients were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of muscle attenuation (defined as suspected and confirmed sarcopenia).Results:The prevalence of muscle attenuation in the 284 elderly patients with T2DM was 48.9%, and the prevalence of sarcopenia was 15.9%. The proportions of females, patients who are over 70 years old, and patients with a sedentary lifestyle were significantly higher in the group with muscle attenuation compared with the group without muscle attenuation. High-quality protein intake, extremity skeletal muscle mass index, grip strength, and six-meter walking speed were significantly lower in the muscle attenuation group. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that age, alcohol consumption, a sedentary lifestyle, and high-quality protein intake were influencing factors for sarcopenia in elderly patients with T2DM ( P<0.05). The total self-care scores and subtotals in exercise domains showed significant differences ( P<0.05) between patients with and without muscle attenuation. Univariate analysis indicated significant differences in self-management behaviors among patient groups stratified by grip strengths and 6-meter walk speeds ( P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that grip strength and 6-meter walk speed were influencing factors for exercise management behaviors in elderly patients with T2DM ( P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with T2DM is relatively high, and their level of diabetes self-management is medium to low. Practitioners should pay extra attention to patients who are over 70 years old, with sedentary habits, with low intake of high-quality protein, and females. It's recommended to use grip strength and 6-meter walk speed tests as initial screening tools for sarcopenia in elderly patients with T2DM, in order to identify risks early and implement targeted health management to promote the development of good self-management behaviors among patients.

Objective:To explore a preliminary method for comprehensive motor function assessment in older adults in order to promote functional maintenance and independent living.Methods:Cross-sectional study.A total of 1, 680 elderly people aged 60 years and above, aged(69.3±6.8)years, were recruited by volunteer recruitment at the Beijing Hospital Physical Examination Centre and Dongcheng District community, and exercise data were collected on 5 sit-ups, 6 m daily stride, 3 m rise and walk, grip strength, back grip test, chair sit forward bending, and three-posture standing, and the method of exercise function assessment was determined by applying statistical analysis combined with expert guidance.Results:Handgrip strength, Five-time-repeated sit-to-stand, usual gait speed, and 3-meter-timed up and go test were selected for motor function assessment(factor loadings: 0.428, 0.767, 0.725, 0.841, respectively).The motor score was calculated by weighted sum of each indicator with the same weight.Through calculating, the motor score significantly decreased with ageing(60-64 years: 13.9, 65-69 years: 13.4, 70-74 years: 12.7, 75-79 years: 11.3, 80+ years: 9.1; F=89.469, P<0.001).Older adults with moderate activities had higher scores than those without moderate activities(13.6 and 12.4, respectively; t=-8.003, P<0.001). Conclusions:A method for motor function assessment in older adults was established, which can be used in the early recognition of motor function impairment, such as sarcopenia, fall, and disability.

Objective:To explore the characteristics of renal oxidative stress injuries in rats with high-voltage electric burns and the intervention effects of breviscapine.Methods:This study was an experimental study. One hundred and sixty 8-10-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into sham injury group, electric burn group, saline group, low breviscapine group, middle breviscapine group, and high breviscapine group, with 60 rats in each of the sham injury group and electric burn group, 10 rats in each of the other 4 groups, respectively. The rats in sham injury group and electric burn group were divided into 10 rats at each time point, including post injury hour (PIH) 0 (immediately), 8, 24, 48, and 72, and post injury week (PIW) 1. The rats in sham injury group were not conducted with electrical current to cause sham injury. The rats in the other 5 groups were caused high-voltage electric burns. The rats in sham injury group and electric burn group were not treated after injury. The rats in saline group, low breviscapine group, middle breviscapine group, and high breviscapine group were intraperitoneally injected with 5 mL/kg normal saline or 0.4, 1.6, and 4.0 g/L breviscapine, repeated every 24 h until PIH 72. After the model was successfully made, 14 rats died, including 1, 2, 2, and 1 rat (s) at PIH 24, 48, and 72 and PIW 1 in electric burn group, 4, 1, 2, and 1 rat (s) at PIH 72 in saline group, low breviscapine group, middle breviscapine group, and high breviscapine group, respectively. The kidney tissue collected from rats in the 6 groups was weighed and the kidney/body weight ratio was calculated. The left upper pole tissue of kidney was collected from each 4 rats in sham injury group, and in electric burn group at PIH 8, 24, 48, and 72 and PIW 1, and in saline group, low breviscapine group, middle breviscapine group, and high breviscapine group at PIH 72. The renal tubular and renal interstitial injury was evaluated by a semi-quantitative histological scoring system after hematoxylin-eosin staining. The inferior vena cava blood samples were collected from rats in the 6 groups to measure the serum creatinine levels via sarcosine oxidase method, and serum urea nitrogen levels via urease method. The right renal cortices were collected from rats in the 6 groups to measure the catalase (CAT) activity in the supernatant of renal tissue via molybdic acid method, and the levels of advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and Klotho protein in the supernatant of renal tissue via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:At PIH 8, 48, and 72 and PIW 1, the kidney/body weight ratios of rats in electric burn group were significantly higher than those in sham injury group (with t values of -0.52, -3.75, -4.05, and -2.25, respectively, P<0.05). At PIH 72, compared with those in electric burn group, saline group, low breviscapine group, and middle breviscapine group, the kidney/body weight ratio of rats in high breviscapine group was significantly decreased (with P values all <0.05). Compared with those in sham injury group, the renal tubular and renal interstitial injury scores of rats in electric burn group at PIH 48 and 72 and PIW 1 were significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with those in electric burn group at PIH 8 and 24, the renal tubular and renal interstitial injury score of rats in electric burn group at PIW 1 was significantly increased (with P values all <0.05). At PIH 72, the renal tubular and renal interstitial injury scores of rats in the 5 groups of rats with electric burns were similar ( P>0.05). At PIH 8, 24, 48, and 72 and PIW 1, the levels of serum creatinine and serum urea nitrogen of rats in electric burn group were significantly higher than those in sham injury group (with Z values of -2.00, -2.37, -2.62, -2.67, -3.67, -2.34, -3.11, -3.43, -3.11, and -3.51, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with that in electric burn group at PIH 0, the levels of serum creatinine of rats in electric burn group at PIH 72 and PIW 1 were significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with that in electric burn group at PIH 8, the levels of serum creatinine of rats in electric burn group at PIH 72 and PIW 1 were significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with that in electric burn group at PIH 24, the level of serum creatinine of rats in electric burn group at PIW 1 was significantly increased ( P<0.05). At PIH 72, the levels of serum creatinine of rats in the 5 groups of rats with electric burns were similar ( P>0.05). Compared with that in electric burn group, the levels of serum urea nitrogen of rats in low breviscapine group, middle breviscapine group, and high breviscapine group were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with that in saline group, the levels of serum urea nitrogen in middle breviscapine group and high breviscapine group were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). At PIH 48 and 72 and PIW 1, the CAT activities in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in electric burn group were significantly lower than those in sham injury group (with Z values of -2.22, -2.13, and -3.51, respectively, P<0.05). At PIH 8, 24, 48, and 72 and PIW 1, the levels of AOPP in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in electric burn group were significantly higher than those in sham injury group (with Z values of -2.00, -3.15, -2.71, -2.04, and -2.33, respectively, P<0.05). At PIH 0-PIW 1, the levels of Klotho protein in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in sham injury group and electric burn group were all similar ( P>0.05). Compared with that in electric burn group at PIH 0, the CAT activities in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in electric burn group at PIH 72 and PIW 1 and the levels of Klotho protein in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in electric burn group at PIH 48 and 72 and PIW 1 were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with that in electric burn group at PIH 8, the CAT activities in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in electric burn group at PIH 72 and PIW 1 and the levels of Klotho protein in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in electric burn group at PIH 48 and 72 and PIW 1 were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with that in electric burn group at PIH 24, the CAT activities in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in electric burn group at PIH 72 and PIW 1 were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with that in electric burn group at PIH 48, the CAT activity in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in electric burn group at PIW 1 was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). At PIH 72, the levels of Klotho protein in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in the 5 groups of rats with electric burns were similar ( P<0.05). Compared with 14.6 (12.6, 23.6) U/mgprot in electric burn group, the CAT activities in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in low breviscapine group (20.5 (18.0, 39.8) U/mgprot), middle breviscapine group (24.9 (14.7, 28.9) U/mgprot), and high breviscapine group (28.0 (21.9, 39.1) U/mgprot) were significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with 15.7 (13.7, 25.6) U/mgprot in saline group, the CAT activities in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in middle breviscapine group and high breviscapine group were significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with that in low breviscapine group, the CAT activity in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in high breviscapine group was significantly increased ( P<0.05). Compared with those in electric burn group and saline group, the levels of AOPP in the supernatant of renal tissue of rats in middle breviscapine group and high breviscapine group were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:After high-voltage electric burns, oxidative stress injury occur in the kidneys of rats, which is aggravated with time extension. Breviscapine can alleviate oxidative stress injuries in the kidneys of rats with high-voltage electric burns.

Objective:To evaluate the short-term rehabilitation effect of wearable visual training devices based on extended reality (XR) glasses in patients after macular hole surgery.Methods:A self-controlled study was conducted.Eleven patients with monocular low vision after macular hole surgery were recruited at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from October 2022 to March 2024.All patients underwent biofeedback training for 3 months using the independently developed visual rehabilitation training glasses LOOKBON T10.The LogMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal sensitivity, effective fixation rate, fixation stability, reading speed, vertical metamorphopsia (MV), horizontal metamorphopsia (MH), and Chinese version of the visual-related quality of life assessment form (CVRQoL-25) were compared before and after training.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (No.WDRY2024-K263).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:After training, the patients' BCVA, retinal sensitivity, effective fixation rate, fixation stability, and reading speed were 0.69±0.19, (21.61±2.75)db, (92.43±4.06)%, (93.09±4.31)%, and (104.82±21.85) characters/minute, respectively, which were significantly improved compared to 0.85±0.28, (17.71±3.17)db, (31.83±19.05)%, (32.35±19.12)%, and (69.64±20.17) characters/minute before training ( t=5.253, -5.987, -11.561, -12.003, -11.682; all at P<0.001).After training, MV and MH were (0.29±0.20)° and (0.21±0.24)°, respectively, which were significantly reduced compared to pre-training (0.44±0.24)° and (0.43±0.41)° ( t=9.238, 4.068; both at P<0.01).After training, the CVRQoL-25 score was 1 193.18±229.43, which was significantly higher than pre-training 947.73±203.86 ( t=-11.687, P<0.001). Conclusions:The application of wearable visual training equipment based on XR glasses can effectively improve the visual function of patients with poor visual function recovery after macular hole surgery, and enhance their quality of life.

Objective To investigate the correlation between subclinical peripheral neuropathy(sDPN)and time in range(TIR)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and to explore the risk factors of sDPN.Methods A total of 485 T2DM patients without DPN symptoms and underwent EMG examination during hospitalization were divided into the sDPN group(n=209)and the non-sDPN group(n=276)according to nerve function conduction examination.The differences of age,course of the disease,blood pressure,complications,biochemical index and continuous glucose monitoring index were compared between the two groups of patients.The correlation between sDPN and TIR was analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze influence factors of sDPN.Results Compared with the non-sDPN group,patients in the sDPN group were older and had longer diabetes course,higher systolic blood pressure(SBP),urinary albumin/urinary creatinine(UACR),blood glucose 1 h postprandial(1 h-PG),2 h-PG,TBR,mean blood glucose fluctuation range(MAGE),standard deviation of blood glucose level(SD)and glycemic coefficient of variation(CV)levels,higher proportion of hypertension(HT),diabetic nephropathy(DN),diabetic retinopathy(DR)and diabetic peripheral vascular disease(PAD),and lower levels of total cholesterol(TC),right limb ankle brachial index(R-ABI),L-ABI,hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)and TIR.The differences in the above indexes were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The occurrence of sDPN was positively correlated with TBR(rs=0.104,P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with TIR(rs=-0.093,P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that increased TBR(OR=1.093,95%CI:1.009-1.183),combined with DN(OR=3.004,95%CI:1.020-8.849)and DR(OR=9.736,95%CI:3.499-27.087)were independent risk factors for sDPN,and increased R-ABI(OR=0.005,95%CI:0.000-0.424)was protective factor for sDPN.Conclusion sDPN was negatively correlated with TIR.For patients with T2DM complicated with DN,DR and decreased ABI,it is necessary to timely improve neuroelectrophysiological examination to identify sDPN as soon as possible and give early intervention.

Radiopharmaceuticals play an important role in the medical field,but they also carry certion risks and potential safety concerns.Medical institutions implement pharmacovigilance to ensure the safety of patients'drug use,including the safety of Radiopharmaceuticals.The operation and management of the pharmacovigilance system in the United States and the European Union are relatively mature.China can learn from their advanced concepts and establish our own radiopharmaciligence system.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To explore and evaluate the micro-elimination mode of hepatitis C virus(HCV)in patients in a general hospital in Jiangxi Province,and provide reference for formulating provincial strategies to eliminate the public health hazards of HCV.Methods Relevant data of hospitalized patients who received HCV screening at the hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were collected.Data from 2021 were set as the baseline and data from 2022 as the HCV micro-elimination mode operating data.Indexes such as gender,age,department,anti-HCV posi-tive rate,HCV-RNA positive rate,etc.were analyzed.The operational effect was analyzed based on specialty de-partment visiting rate,treatment rate,and loss-to-follow-up(LTFU)rate.The development of the mode was quan-titatively evaluated by superiority weakness opportunity threats-analytic hierarchy process(SWOT-AHP)method.Results A total of 397 744 hospitalized patients underwent anti-HCV screening from 2021 to 2022,with a male to female ratio of 1.34∶1 and an average age of 54 years old.The main departments for patients receiving screening were infectious diseases/gastroenterology departments.HCV gene subtypes in specimens from 62 patients was mainly subtype 1b(43 specimens),followed by subtype 6(9 specimens).The first HCV early warning rate after mode operation was 81.20％,the anti-HCV detection rate after warning was 93.15％,and the anti-HCV detection rate after subsequent pop-up window early warning was 100％.Compared with 2021,the treatment rate of HCV hospi-talized patients in 2022 has increased,with statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences in patients'specialty department visiting rate and LTFU rate(both P＞0.05).Barycentric coordinates calculation P(X,Y)=(0.018 2,0.006 9)located in the first quadrant.Conclusion The HCV micro-elimination mode for patients in a general hospital in Jiangxi Province is feasible and effective.Further mode optimization should focus on strengths/opportunities(SO)strategy,to rely on internal advantages and utilize external opportunities.

On June 16, 2023, National Disease Control and Prevention Administration of the People’s Republic of China, in collaboration with other ministries, formulated and issued the Action Plan to Accelerate the Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (2023—2030). The implementation of this plan provides an important basis for achieving the targets set in the “Healthy China 2030” action plan and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. This paper describes the background, principles, targets, control strategies, safeguard measures and effectiveness evaluation of the plan, in order to guide the scientific and standardized implementation of actions for schistosomiasis elimination at the grassroots level, and facilitate the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis in China with a high quality.