Laboratory animal science is an emerging interdisciplinary field supporting life science and medical research, and a key component of talent cultivation and technological innovation in medical colleges. Currently, this field faces challenges such as a significant imbalance between talent supply and demand and a weak systematic training system. To respond to national strategies and societal needs, Shandong First Medical University established the School of Laboratory Animal through industry-education integration during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. The school is based on The Medical Laboratory Technology major, cultivates application-oriented, interdisciplinary professionals in laboratory animal science, and has constructed a three-in-one training system integrating "course learning–scientific research–industry practice". Specific measures for talent cultivation include: optimizing the general education, professional courses, and intensive practical modules in the talent training program, and establishing the "Yellow River Class" integrating industry and education; implementing an undergraduate mentor system, and conducting scientific research training based on The Model Animal Research and Development Engineering Laboratory; collaborating with bases across the entire industrial chain of laboratory animal production, research, application, and quality control, appointing industry mentors, and strengthening practical teaching. Practice has shown that this system has been remarkably effective: a total of 320 undergraduate students have been enrolled since 2020; the employment rate of undergraduate graduates for two consecutive cohorts has reached 100%, and the postgraduate enrollment rate has exceeded 50%; undergraduate students have won numerous national and provincial awards in academic competitions, and have obtained multiple patents and published papers. In the future, the school will further integrate the advantages of medicine, agriculture, and science, optimize the depth and breadth of courses, strengthen the construction of faculty and teaching materials, and improve the undergraduate-master's integrated training mechanism. This article can provide a reference for the training of professionals in laboratory animal science and related biomedical fields in medical colleges.

Objective To explore the correlation between triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index and hyperuricemia in men with normal fasting blood glucose(FPG)levels.Methods A total of 309 men with normal FPG who participated in a health examination at the Ninth Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army General Hospital in April 2024 were enrolled in this study.All the subjects were divided into the normal uric acid(NUA,n=218)group and the hyperuricemia(HUA,n=91)group according to serum uric acid(SUA)levels.Results Scr,TG,weight,SBP,DBP,BMI,ALT,AST,γ-GGT,and TyG index were higher in the HUA group than in the NUA group(P<0.05).Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis showed that SUA were positively correlated with Scr,eGFR,TG,weight,SBP,DBP,BMI,ALT,AST,γ-GGT and TyG(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with HDL-C(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors,TyG index remained an important influencing factor for HUA.ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve of TyG index predicting hyperuricemia in men with normal FPG was 0.665,with an cutoff value of 8.45.Conclusions TyG index in men with normal FPG are influencing factors for hyperuricemia,indicating that hyperuricemia has a close association with insulin resistance,and is an important component of metabolic syndrome.

Objective:To analyze the current situation and hotspots of medication literacy research at home and abroad, and provide references for medication literacy research in China.Methods:The literature related to medication literacy in the Web of Science Core Collection Database, Scopus and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database were retrieved (up to May 31, 2024). The CiteSpace software was used to analyze the number of published papers, countries, institutions, journals, authors and keywords, etc.Results:A total of 604 literature were included (361 in Chinese and 243 in English). The literature related to medication literacy were first seen in 2000, and the number grew slowly, which showed rapid growth after 2016, and reached a peak in 2023. The country with the largest number of published English literature was China (69 articles), followed by the United States (66 articles). The literature from the United States were cited 3 623 times, and those from China were cited 2 523 times. Central South University and the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were tied for the first place in terms of the number of published articles as institutions (both 15 articles). The top 5 institutions in terms of the number of Chinese publications were Xiangya Third Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Yanbian University, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, and Tianjin Chest Hospital. The discipline with the largest number of published English literature was pharmacology/pharmacy (107 articles), followed by public environmental occupational health (88 articles) and general internal medicine (39 articles); the discipline with the largest number of Chinese published articles was clinical medicine (124 articles), followed by research on medical and health policies and regulations (56 articles), and medical education and marginal medical disciplines (34 articles). Keyword cluster analysis showed that the top 3 keywords in the English literature were medication errors, health education, and community pharmacy, while those in the Chinese literature were health literacy, self-management, and health education.Conclusions:Research on medication literacy has rapidly developed in recent years. China and the United States are the main countries for research related to medication literacy. Health education and medication errors are the mainstream of the research. Future research can focus on personalized assessment and intervention measures of medication literacy, so as to develop high-quality assessment tools for medication literacy.

In 2024, a total of 27 309 cases of medication error (ME) from 484 hospitals in 27 provincial administrative regions were collected in the National Monitoring Network for Clinical Safe Medication. Among them, 279 (1.02%) were classified as grade A, 22 081 (80.86%) as grade B, 4 268 (15.63%) as grade C, 472 (1.73%) as grade D, 96 (0.35%) as grade E, 105 (0.38%) as grade F, 6 (0.02%) as grade H, and 2 (<0.01%) as grade I; no MEs of grade G occurred. Among the 27 030 patients involved in MEs of grade B to I, 15 124 (55.95%) were male and 11 906 (44.05%) were female; their ages were from 1 day to 104 years; 3 369 (12.46%) were children (<18 years old), 12 113 (44.81%) were young and middle-aged adults (≥18 to <60 years old), and 11 548 (42.72%) were elderly (≥60 years old). The top 3 contents of ME were wrong drug class (5 347 cases, 19.13%), wrong dosage (4 913 cases, 17.58%), and wrong administration frequency (3 429 cases, 12.27%). Among the 27 030 grade B-I MEs, the main person who triggered the event were physicians (18 703 cases, 69.19%) and pharmacists (6 343 cases, 23.47%). These MEs mainly occurred in clinics (11 009 cases, 40.73%), in hospital wards (7 393 cases, 27.35%), and in pharmacies (6 219 cases, 23.27%). The main persons who discovered the MEs were pharmacists (21 021 cases, 74.14%). The top 3 factors causing ME were lack of related pharmacologic knowledge (8 716 cases, 26.49%), tiredness (5 755 cases, 17.49%), and inexperienced skills (4 505 cases, 13.69%). A total of 209 patients were involved in severe MEs (grade E-I), including 133 (63.64%) males and 76 (36.36%) females, aged from 21 months to 94 years, of which 42 (20.10%) were children, 75 (35.88%) were young and middle-aged adults, and 92 (44.02%) were elderly. The top 3 diseases diagnosed in severe MEs were drug poisoning (41 cases, 19.62%), diabetes (34 cases, 16.27%), and hypertension (14 cases, 6.70%); the main person who triggered the MEs were patients and their families (135 cases, 64.59%); the MEs occurred mainly in patients′ houses (116 cases, 55.50%). Drug poisoning was mainly related to accidental ingestion by children, and MEs in patients with diabetes and hypertension were often related to issues on patient compliance. Based on the data of MEs in 2024, it was proposed to establish a better medication safety culture and improve the ME reporting situation in China, pay attention to the risks of misusing external drugs for internal use, children′s accidental ingestion and insulin-related MEs, strengthen the prevention of MEs related to look-alike sound-alike drugs, pay attention to the post administration management and the compliance education of home care for patients with chronic diseases, so as to improve the medication safety of patients in China.

Objective:To construct a recommended list of high-alert medication (HAM) based on big data from medication error (ME) reports in China, providing reference for preventing and reducing HAM-related risks.Methods:The drugs involved in the serious ME reports of the National Monitoring Network for Clinical Safe Medication (Monitoring Network) were collected (as of December 31, 2023), and the candidate drugs were preliminarily determined referring to the HAM list of China 2023 (Chinese list) and the latest three lists of American Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP). Candidate drugs that were included in both the Chinese list and ISMP lists, as well as those existed in the Chinese list but had never been included in the ISMP lists were included in the current list, and their risk levels followed the original risks in the Chinese list. Candidate drugs that existed in the Chinese list but had been excluded from the ISMP lists, and those existed in the ISMP lists but had not been included in the Chinese list were listed as suspected drugs. For the other candidate drugs, those did not meet the definition of HAM were excluded firstly, and those related to ME that had caused serious harm were listed as suspected drugs, according to the judicial cases on ME of China Judgements Online and PKULAW database. Two methods, including Delphi expert consultation and questionnaire survey, were used to determine whether the above suspected drugs were included in the HAM list and their risk levels.Results:A total of 138 drugs were obtained through the initial screening, 106 of which were directly included in the current list, and 32 of which were listed as drugs requiring further assessment. After 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation by 18 experts and surveys with 136 valid questionnaires, 32 suspected drugs did not meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, a total of 106 drugs were included in the current list, including 51 A-class drugs in 9 categories, 33 B-class drugs in 9 categories, and 22 C-class drugs in 5 categories.Conclusion:Based on the big data of the ME reports in China, a HAM list is constructed, which is accurate and concise and better fits the actual clinical drug risks in China, helping to improve the drug safety management.

Objective:To apply combined serological diagnostic methods for anti-BP180-type and anti-laminin 332 (Ln332) -type mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), and to summarize their clinical and immunoserological characteristics.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data from 52 patients clinically suspected of having MMP at the Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2017 to February 2022. Serum samples were collected, and combined serological tests, including indirect immunofluorescence on salt-split skin, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunoblotting, were performed to analyze the immunoserological and clinical characteristics of the patients. The Fisher′s exact test was used to compare the lesion occurrence rates between groups.Results:Among the 52 patients clinically suspected of MMP, 32 (61.5%) were diagnosed with anti-BP180-type MMP, 10 (19.2%) with anti-Ln332-type MMP, and 4 (7.7%) with anti-BP180- and anti-Ln332-type MMP due to the presence of both anti-BP180 and anti-Ln332 antibodies; 2 tested positive for IgG on the epidermal side of salt-split skin, but no target antigens were identified by serological tests, and they were diagnosed with MMP (subtype pending) ; 4 tested negative by immunoserological tests. Ocular involvement was observed in 6 out of 10 patients with anti-Ln332-type MMP, whereas only 6 out of 32 anti-BP180-type MMP patients (18.8%) had ocular symptoms, and there was a significant difference in the occurrence rate of ocular involvement between the two groups ( P = 0.02) ; the occurrence rates of nasal involvement and multi-mucosal involvement were significantly higher in the anti-Ln332-type MMP patients (50%[5/10], 90%[9/10], respectively) than in the anti-BP180-type MMP patients (0, 25%[8/32], respectively, both P < 0.001). Scar formation occurred in 6 out of 10 anti-Ln332-type MMP patients, but occurred in only 6 out of 32 anti-BP180-type patients (18.8%, P = 0.02) . Conclusion:The combination of indirect immunofluorescence on salt-split skin, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunoblotting could effectively identify anti-BP180 and anti-Ln332 autoantibodies in MMP patients, with BP180 being the most common target antigen; compared with anti-BP180-type MMP, anti-Ln332-type MMP appeared to be more frequently involve the ocular and nasal mucosae, associated with the involvement of multiple mucosal sites, carrying a higher risk of scar formation.

Objective:To explore the pathogenesis,clinical features,treatment strategies,and prognosis of pediatric lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(LELC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients with LELC aged<18 years,treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from March 2008 to June 2023.Results:A total of 19 children and adolescents were included in the analys-is,comprising 10 males(52.6%)and 9 females(47.4%),with a median age of 12.9(4.3-17.0)years.Fourteen patients(73.7%)lived in Guangdong province,with the remainder scattered across other regions.Primary LELC sites were the mediastinum(11 cases,57.9%),parot-id glands(4 cases,21%),neck(1 case,5.3%),lungs(1 case,5.3%),salivary glands(1 case,5.3%),and submandibular glands(1 case,5.3%).Among these,15 patients(78.9%)had at least one distant metastasis at initial diagnosis,with common metastasis sites being cervical lymph nodes.Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified tumor volume≥801 cm3 as an independent adverse prognostic factor of poor overall survival(OS)(P<0.01).The 2-year OS and progression-free survival(PFS)rates were 84.2%and 57.9%,respectively.The 2-year OS for pa-tients who underwent surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy was 100%,compared with 25%for those who received only partial treat-ment(P=0.007).The 2-year PFS rate was significantly higher in patients receiving first-line combination therapy with programmed death-1(PD-1)antibodies(100%)compared with those not treated with PD-1 antibodies(38.5%)(P=0.020).For patients with tumor volume≥801 cm3,the 2-year OS was 40.0%,whereas for those with a tumor volume<801 cm3,the 2-year OS was 100%(P<0.001).The 2-year OS for pa-tients who underwent radiotherapy was 100%,while it was 0 for those who did not receive radiotherapy(P<0.001).Conclusions:Pediatric LELC exhibits a relatively favorable prognosis with multidisciplinary treatment,including surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy.The com-bined use of PD-1 antibodies at the time of initial diagnosis could offer potential benefits and warrants further exploration.

Objective:To evaluate the association between triglyceride-glucose(TyG) index level, their variability, and the risk of incident hyperuricemia(HUA).Methods:A total of 1 583 cases with good compliance who underwent follow-up at the health examination center of a tertiary hospital physical in Zhengzhou were enrolled. The TyG index mean(TyG-mean) and variability indexes, including standard deviation(TyG-SD), coefficient of variation(TyG-CV), and adjusted standard deviation(adj-TyG-SD), were calculated based on TyG index values from three consecutive annual health check-ups. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to assess the relationship between the variability of TyG index and the risk of new-onset HUA; the dose-response relationship between different TyG indexes and HUA was examined using restricted cubic spline(RCS). Results:After a 3-year follow-up, 146 participants developed incident HUA. Both TyG-mean and TyG index variability indicators were significantly higher in the HUA group compared to the non-HUA group( P<0.05). After adjusting for multiple confounders, each standard deviation σincrease in TyG-SD, TyG-CV, and adj-TyG-SD was associated with a 1.23-fold(95% CI 1.06-1.43), 1.22-fold(95% CI 1.05-1.42), and 1.26-fold(95% CI 1.08-1.45) higher risk of incident HUA, respectively. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear association between adj-TyG-SD and HUA risk( P<0.05), with a critical threshold of 0.55 at a hazard ratio( HR) of 1. Conclusions:Increased TyG index variability is associated with a higher risk of incident HUA, with adj-TyG-SD showing the strongest correlation with HUA risk.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of therapeutic whole blood exchange combined with lymphoplasmapheresis in the treatment of refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of AIHA patients who underwent therapeutic whole blood exchange combined with lymphoplasmapheresis at our hospital from March 2022 to May 2025. Efficacy was assessed by comparing changes in hemoglobin, platelet count, and bilirubin levels before and after treatment. Safety was evaluated by analyzing vital signs before and after the procedure, parameters during the exchange, and adverse reactions. Results: A total of 12 AIHA patients were enrolled, completing 19 exchange procedures. The number of procedures per patient ranged from 1 to 3. The median treatment duration was 67 (65-73) minutes, with a median exchange volume of 2 025 (1 851-2 121) mL, comprising 4.5 (4-6) units of red blood cells and 1 350 (1 200-1 400) mL of plasma. Ten patients achieved partial remission, one achieved complete remission, and one showed no response, yielding an response rate of 91% (11/12). After a single session, hemoglobin increased significantly by 17.58±9.85 g/L (P<0.01), while platelets counts decreased by 45 (17.5, 79)×10 /L (P<0.05), and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a significant elevation (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, white blood cell count, or heart rate. During the procedures, 4 adverse reactions occurred in 3 patients: one child experienced severe heart rate fluctuation twice consecutively, and two adults developed plasma allergies. All reactions resolved spontaneously without pharmacological intervention. Conclusion: The combination of therapeutic whole blood exchange and lymphoplasmapheresis appears to be a safe and effective treatment for refractory AIHA patients.

Objective:Malnutrition is prevalent among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and closely associ-ated with adverse outcomes.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three nutritional indices in predicting all-cause mortality among COPD patients.Methods:Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES),this study included 1640 patients with COPD surveyed from 1999 to 2018.The optimal cutoff values for controlling nutritional status(CONUT)score,geri-atric nutritional risk index(GNRI),and prognostic nutritional index(PNI)were determined using receiver operating characteristic curves.The predictive value of these nutritional indices was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and C-index.Their predictive abilities were compared using the net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement.A Cox regression analysis was conducted to explore the association of the three nutritional indices with all-cause mortality.Results:Log-rank tests revealed lower overall survival rates in patients with higher nutritional risks(P<0.001).In multivariate Cox regression adjusting for all covariates,CONUT score(hazard ratio[HR]=1.31,95%CI=1.03-1.67,P=0.030),GNRI(HR=2.02,95%CI=1.26-3.24,P=0.004),and PNI(HR=2.05,95%CI=1.53-2.75,P<0.001)were independently associated with all-cause mortality.Conclusion:This study confirms that the three nutritional indices are effective predictors of all-cause mortality in COPD patients.Compared with PNI,CONUT score and GNRI demonstrate im-proved predictive abilities,and they are recommended for routine screening for high-risk malnutrition in COPD patients.