Objective To investigate the change in choroid plexus(CP)volume in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients with different cognitive states and its correlation with structural volumes of other brain regions.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 48 PD patients admitted in Department of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University between May 2023 and April 2024,and on 35 healthy controls(HC)recruited through a physical exam center.According to the results of Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),the patients were divided into PD with cognitive impairment(PD-CI)group(n=27)and PD with normal cognitive function(PD-NC)group(n=21).3.0T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)was performed using MPRAGE sequences,and CP volume and volumes of other brain regions were obtained using FreeSurfer 6.0 software.The CP volume was adjusted by calculating the ratio of its volume to estimated total intracranial volume(eTIV).After controlling for confounders,partial correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between the CPV/eTIV ratio and the volumes of other brain regions as well as cognitive scale scores.Additionally,multiple linear regression analysis was performed to further explore the relationship between CPV and cognitive function in the PD-CI group.Results Compared to the HC group,the CPV in the PD-CI group was significantly larger(P=0.029).In the PD-CI group,the CPV/eTIV ratio showed significant positive correlations with the volume of the lateral ventricles(r=0.689,P=0.001),the volume of the third ventricle(r=0.592,P=0.006),the volume of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)(r=0.508,P=0.022),and white matter hyperintensities(WMH)(r=0.486,P=0.030),but was negatively correlated with the volume of the caudate nucleus(r=-0.530,P=0.016),the volume of the thalamus(r=-0.477,P=0.033),and the MMSE scores(r=-0.483,P=0.031).But in the PD-NC group,the CPV/eTIV ratio was only positively correlated with CSF volume(r=0.571,P=0.021).Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the CPV/eTIV ratio and MMSE scores remained significantly negatively correlated in the PD-CI group(β=-0.388,P=0.046).Conclusion Cognitive impairment in PD patients may be closely associated with the change in CP volume,suggesting that the volume can serve as a potential imaging marker in assessment of cognitive impairment in PD patients.

Objective To investigate age-and sex-related changes in choroid plexus(CP)volume in healthy adults,as well as its association with the volumes of other brain regions,and explore the relationship of CP volume changes with degenerative brain alterations.Methods A total of 320 healthy subjects aged between 18 and 85 years were prospectively recruited in Physical Examination Center of First Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical University during August 2023 and February 2024.These participants were randomly divided into 7.OT and 3.OT groups,with 160 people in each group.After all of them underwent sagittal three-dimensional structural MPRAGE scans of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)at 3.OT or7.OT,FreeSurfer 6.0 segmentation software was employed to obtain the volumes of CP and other brain regions automatically.Spearman analysis was applied to analyze the correlation of CP volume with age.Independent sample t-test analysis was applied to analyze the differences in CP volume between genders.Partial correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between CP volume and the volumes of other brain regions.Results A total of 311 subjects were included in the study.The results from both 3.OT and 7.OT MRI showed that CP volume was positively correlated with age(3.OT:r=0.462,P＜0.001;7.OT:r=0.539,P＜0.001).The males had significantly larger CP volume than the females(3.OT:1.4±0.47 vs 1.08±0.39 mL,P＜0.001;7.OT:2.43±0.68 vs 1.98±0.38 mL,P＜0.001).In addition,3.OT MRI revealed there was a significant positive correlation of CP volume with the volumes of white matter hyperintensities(WMH)and cerebrospinal fluid(P＜0.001),as well as a negative correlation with the volumes of gray matter,white matter,hippocampus and thalamus(P＜0.05).Conclusion CP volume is increased with ageing,with gender differences,independent of field strength and resolution.CP volume is correlated with WMH,hippocampus and other brain regions,suggesting that increment in CP volume is involved in age-related degenerative changes in the brain.Changes in CP volume might be regarded as a new imaging marker for the neurodegenerative changes.

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted opportun-istic CT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)in the bone mass assessment of diabetic patients.Meth-ods The retrospective study method was adopted.A total of 72 patients receiving CT examination(such as abdomen,chest or spine)combined with lumbar vertebra DXA examination,diabetes screening or treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University from January 1,2017 to May 31,2024 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the type 2 diabetic group(n=36)and non-diabetic group(n=36)according to the illness.The DXA scanning range was L1-L4 lumbar vertebral body;the AI quantitative CT-assisted bone density detection system imported the CT images,the interested region in the center of the T12-L2 vertebral body was labeled,and the bone density of cancellous bone in the vertebral body was auto-matically calculated.The diagnostic differences in osteopenia and osteoporosis were compared between the two modalities in the patients of different genders and ages in type 2 diabetes group and non-diabetes group.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of the AI quantitative CT-assisted bone density detection system in the diagnosis of osteoporosis.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the detection rates of osteoporosis,osteopenia and normal bone density between the two methods(P＞0.05).The osteoporosis detection rate of DXA in the non-diabetic group and population＜60 years old was higher than that of the AI-quantitative CT-assisted bone mineral density detec-tion system,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).In the patients with different genders,there was no statistically significant difference in osteoporosis,osteopenia and normal bone density between the two methods(P＞0.05).Taking the DXA detection as the"gold standard",the AI quantitative CT-assis-ted bone mineral density detection system had a certain diagnostic value for osteoporosis[area under the curve(AUC)=0.661,95％CI:0.526-0.795,P=0.026],and its sensitivity and specificity were 68.1％and 64.0％re-spectively.Conclusion In the patients aged above 60 years old and with type 2 diabetes mellitus,the AI-assisted opportunistic CT has the same advantages as DXA in early detection of the patients at high risk of fractures,without increasing additional costs and unnecessary radiation risks.

Objective To evaluate the effect and cost-benefit of influenza vaccination for patients with chronic diseases in Wujin district of Changzhou City. Methods An epidemiological quasi-experiment was employed in this study. A total of 441 patients with chronic diseases were recruited as the vaccine group and inoculated with trivalent influenza virus vaccine, while 467 patients with chronic diseases matched with the age, gender and health status of the vaccine group were selected as the control group for both baseline and follow-up investigations. Results A total of 431 subjects in the vaccine group and 460 subjects in the control group completed baseline and 1-year follow-up investigations. The incidence of influenza-like illness was 7.42% (32/431) and 14.13% (65/460) in the vaccine group and the control group, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ²=9.634, P=0.002). The protective rate was 47.46%, and the effect index was 1.90. The incidence of common cold was 16.94% (73/431) and 25.43% (117/460), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=9.077, P=0.003), with a protective rate of 33.41%, and an effect index of 1.50. The incidence of chronic disease was 5.57% (24/431) and 9.35% (43/460), respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.043, P=0.044), with a protective rate of 40.43% and an effect index of 1.68. The per capita benefit of inoculation was 675.86 yuan, and the benefit-cost ratio was 10.09:1. Conclusion Influenza vaccination for patients with chronic diseases effectively prevented the occurrence of influenza-like illness and reduced the incidence of related chronic diseases.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of treatment, survival and prognostic factors in Chinese patients with Hodgkin lymphoma.

METHODSA total of previously untreated 415 patients with histologically confirmed Hodgkin lymphoma admitted in the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from February 1999 to February 2011 were included in this study. Their short-term and long-term survivals, as well as prognostic factors were analyzed.

RESULTSFor the whole group, 371 cases (89.4%) had complete remission (CR), 33 cases (8.0%) had partial remission (PR) and 11 cases (2.7%) experienced disease progression. The CR rates for stage I, II, III and IV patients were 96.6% (56/58), 92.0% (219/238), 83.6% (51/61) and 77.6% (45/58), respectively (P < 0.001). The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 90.6%, 84.1% and 92.5%. The stage I-II patients were significantly better than stage III-IV patients in terms of 5-year DFS rate (94.5% vs. 79.2%, P < 0.001), 5-year PFS rate (91.2% vs. 66.4%, P < 0.001) and 5-year OS rate (97.0% vs. 81.5%, P < 0.001). For stage I-II patients, combined modality therapy was related to better DFS, PFS and OS as compared with radiotherapy alone, and was associated with a better PFS compared with chemotherapy alone. There was a trend that consolidative radiotherapy could improve the long-term survival for stage III-IV patients who achieved disease remission after chemotherapy. What's more, consolidative radiotherapy could significantly improve PFS for those stage II-IV patients who achieved PR after chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage and pathological type were independent prognostic factors for the 5-year DFS rate (both P < 0.05), and the stage, elevated serum β2-microglobulin and none-ABVD/BEACOP chemotherapy regimen were independent prognostic factors for 5-year PFS rate and 5-year overall survival rate (P < 0.05 for all).

CONCLUSIONSPatients with HL treated in China have a good prognosis. Combined modality therapy is the preferred treatment for stage I-II patients. Consolidative radiotherapy is recommended to those of stage III-IV patients who experienced PR after chemotherapy. Stage, serum β2-microglobulin and first-line chemotherapy regimen significantly affect the prognosis for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Bleomycin ; China ; Combined Modality Therapy ; mortality ; Dacarbazine ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Doxorubicin ; Hodgkin Disease ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; mortality ; Remission Induction ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Vinblastine ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; blood

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of treatment, survival and prognostic factors in Chinese patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Methods A total of previously untreated 415 patients with histologically confirmed Hodgkin lymphoma admitted in the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from February 1999 to February 2011 were included in this study. Their short?term and long?term survivals, as well as prognostic factors were analyzed. Results For the whole group, 371 cases (89.4%) had complete remission (CR), 33 cases (8.0%) had partial remission (PR) and 11 cases (2.7%) experienced disease progression. The CR rates for stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ patients were 96.6% (56/58), 92.0% (219/238), 83.6% (51/61) and 77.6% (45/58), respectively (P<0.001) . The 5?year disease?free survival( DFS) , progression?free survival ( PFS) and overall survival ( OS) were 90.6%, 84.1% and 92.5%. The stageⅠ?Ⅱpatients were significantly better than stageⅢ?Ⅳpatients in terms of 5?year DFS rate(94.5% vs. 79.2%, P<0.001), 5?year PFS rate (91.2% vs. 66.4%, P<0.001) and 5?year OS rate (97.0% vs. 81.5%, P<0.001). For stage Ⅰ?Ⅱ patients, combined modality therapy was related to better DFS, PFS and OS as compared with radiotherapy alone, and was associated with a better PFS compared with chemotherapy alone. There was a trend that consolidative radiotherapy could improve the long?term survival for stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients who achieved disease remission after chemotherapy. What′s more, consolidative radiotherapy could significantly improve PFS for those stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients who achieved PR after chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage and pathological type were independent prognostic factors for the 5?year DFS rate (both P<0.05), and the stage, elevated serum β2?microglobulin and none?ABVD/BEACOP chemotherapy regimen were independent prognostic factors for 5?year PFS rate and 5?year overall survival rate (P<0.05 for all). Conclusions Patients with HL treated in China have a good prognosis. Combined modality therapy is the preferred treatment for stage Ⅰ?Ⅱ patients. Consolidative radiotherapy is recommended to those of stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients who experienced PR after chemotherapy. Stage, serum β2?microglobulin and first?line chemotherapy regimen significantly affect the prognosis for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of treatment, survival and prognostic factors in Chinese patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. Methods A total of previously untreated 415 patients with histologically confirmed Hodgkin lymphoma admitted in the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from February 1999 to February 2011 were included in this study. Their short?term and long?term survivals, as well as prognostic factors were analyzed. Results For the whole group, 371 cases (89.4%) had complete remission (CR), 33 cases (8.0%) had partial remission (PR) and 11 cases (2.7%) experienced disease progression. The CR rates for stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ patients were 96.6% (56/58), 92.0% (219/238), 83.6% (51/61) and 77.6% (45/58), respectively (P<0.001) . The 5?year disease?free survival( DFS) , progression?free survival ( PFS) and overall survival ( OS) were 90.6%, 84.1% and 92.5%. The stageⅠ?Ⅱpatients were significantly better than stageⅢ?Ⅳpatients in terms of 5?year DFS rate(94.5% vs. 79.2%, P<0.001), 5?year PFS rate (91.2% vs. 66.4%, P<0.001) and 5?year OS rate (97.0% vs. 81.5%, P<0.001). For stage Ⅰ?Ⅱ patients, combined modality therapy was related to better DFS, PFS and OS as compared with radiotherapy alone, and was associated with a better PFS compared with chemotherapy alone. There was a trend that consolidative radiotherapy could improve the long?term survival for stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients who achieved disease remission after chemotherapy. What′s more, consolidative radiotherapy could significantly improve PFS for those stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients who achieved PR after chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage and pathological type were independent prognostic factors for the 5?year DFS rate (both P<0.05), and the stage, elevated serum β2?microglobulin and none?ABVD/BEACOP chemotherapy regimen were independent prognostic factors for 5?year PFS rate and 5?year overall survival rate (P<0.05 for all). Conclusions Patients with HL treated in China have a good prognosis. Combined modality therapy is the preferred treatment for stage Ⅰ?Ⅱ patients. Consolidative radiotherapy is recommended to those of stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients who experienced PR after chemotherapy. Stage, serum β2?microglobulin and first?line chemotherapy regimen significantly affect the prognosis for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma.