Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have been recognized as essential regulators of the intricate cell cycle, orchestrating DNA replication and transcription, RNA splicing, and protein synthesis. Dysregulation of the CDK pathway is prevalent in the development and progression of human cancers, rendering cyclins and CDKs attractive therapeutic targets. Several CDK4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated promising anti-cancer efficacy and have been successfully translated into clinical use, fueling the development of CDK-targeted therapies. With this enthusiasm for finding novel CDK-targeting anti-cancer agents, there have also been exciting advances in the field of targeted protein degradation through innovative strategies, such as using proteolysis-targeting chimera, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)‍-mediated targeting chimera, hydrophobic tag-based protein degradation, and molecular glue. With a focus on the translational potential of cyclin- and CDK-targeting strategies in cancer, this review presents the fundamental roles of cyclins and CDKs in cancer. Furthermore, it summarizes current strategies for the proteasome-dependent targeted degradation of cyclins and CDKs, detailing the underlying mechanisms of action for each approach. A comprehensive overview of the structure and activity of existing CDK degraders is also provided. By examining the structure‍‒‍activity relationships, target profiles, and biological effects of reported cyclin/CDK degraders, this review provides a valuable reference for both CDK pathway-targeted biomedical research and cancer therapeutics.
Humans ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Cyclins/metabolism* ; Proteolysis ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology* ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism* ; Animals

Objective:To observe the effect of combining robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) with task-oriented training (TOT) on the walking ability of children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP).Methods:Sixty DCP children were randomly divided into a conventional intervention group, an RAGT group, and a combined intervention group, each of 20. All of the children received conventional rehabilitation therapy, while the RAGT and combined intervention groups were additionally provided with RAGT, and RAGT combined with TOT, respectively. Before the experiment and after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment, the subjects′ walking ability was evaluated using the 10-metre walk test (10MWT), and the D energy zone (standing position) and the E energy zone (walking, running and jumping) of the Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 (GMFM-88) instrument.Results:After 12 and 24 weeks of treatment, the average 10MWT speed and D and E energy zone scores of all three groups had improved significantly. After 24 weeks the combined group′s averages on all three measures were significantly better than those of the other two groups.Conclusion:RAGT combined with TOT and conventional rehabilitation training significantly improves the walking ability of DCP children.

Objective:The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome before and after delivery and the risk factors of pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 126 cases of HELLP syndrome admitted to The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021,divided into prenatal HELLP group[n=108,98 cases with severe preeclampsia(SPE)]and postpartum HELLP group(n=18,15 cases with SPE),to compare the differences in clinical charac-teristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups with the different onset time and whether they were complicated with SPE.Results:①Compared with the postpartum HELLP group,the prenatal HELLP group had higher systolic blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy,shorter time from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,higher liver function abnormalities,lower platelet counts,and lower 24-hour urinary protein,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis between the two groups(P＞0.05).②When combined with SPE,the antenatal HELLP group had a shorter interval from preeclampsia to HELLP syndrome,lower platelet counts,and higher liver en-zymes than the postpartum HELLP group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).③There was no sig-nificant difference in clinical features between the antenatal HELLP group and the postpartum HELLP group when not complicated with SPE(P＞0.05).Conclusions:There is only one difference between prenatal and postnatal HELLP syndrome in terms of the speed of disease progression,the time taken from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,and both can lead to serious maternal and neonatal complications,which should be identified early in clini-cal practice.

Objective:The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome before and after delivery and the risk factors of pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 126 cases of HELLP syndrome admitted to The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021,divided into prenatal HELLP group[n=108,98 cases with severe preeclampsia(SPE)]and postpartum HELLP group(n=18,15 cases with SPE),to compare the differences in clinical charac-teristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups with the different onset time and whether they were complicated with SPE.Results:①Compared with the postpartum HELLP group,the prenatal HELLP group had higher systolic blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy,shorter time from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,higher liver function abnormalities,lower platelet counts,and lower 24-hour urinary protein,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis between the two groups(P＞0.05).②When combined with SPE,the antenatal HELLP group had a shorter interval from preeclampsia to HELLP syndrome,lower platelet counts,and higher liver en-zymes than the postpartum HELLP group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).③There was no sig-nificant difference in clinical features between the antenatal HELLP group and the postpartum HELLP group when not complicated with SPE(P＞0.05).Conclusions:There is only one difference between prenatal and postnatal HELLP syndrome in terms of the speed of disease progression,the time taken from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,and both can lead to serious maternal and neonatal complications,which should be identified early in clini-cal practice.

Objective:The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome before and after delivery and the risk factors of pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 126 cases of HELLP syndrome admitted to The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021,divided into prenatal HELLP group[n=108,98 cases with severe preeclampsia(SPE)]and postpartum HELLP group(n=18,15 cases with SPE),to compare the differences in clinical charac-teristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups with the different onset time and whether they were complicated with SPE.Results:①Compared with the postpartum HELLP group,the prenatal HELLP group had higher systolic blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy,shorter time from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,higher liver function abnormalities,lower platelet counts,and lower 24-hour urinary protein,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis between the two groups(P＞0.05).②When combined with SPE,the antenatal HELLP group had a shorter interval from preeclampsia to HELLP syndrome,lower platelet counts,and higher liver en-zymes than the postpartum HELLP group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).③There was no sig-nificant difference in clinical features between the antenatal HELLP group and the postpartum HELLP group when not complicated with SPE(P＞0.05).Conclusions:There is only one difference between prenatal and postnatal HELLP syndrome in terms of the speed of disease progression,the time taken from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,and both can lead to serious maternal and neonatal complications,which should be identified early in clini-cal practice.

Objective:The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome before and after delivery and the risk factors of pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 126 cases of HELLP syndrome admitted to The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021,divided into prenatal HELLP group[n=108,98 cases with severe preeclampsia(SPE)]and postpartum HELLP group(n=18,15 cases with SPE),to compare the differences in clinical charac-teristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups with the different onset time and whether they were complicated with SPE.Results:①Compared with the postpartum HELLP group,the prenatal HELLP group had higher systolic blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy,shorter time from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,higher liver function abnormalities,lower platelet counts,and lower 24-hour urinary protein,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis between the two groups(P＞0.05).②When combined with SPE,the antenatal HELLP group had a shorter interval from preeclampsia to HELLP syndrome,lower platelet counts,and higher liver en-zymes than the postpartum HELLP group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).③There was no sig-nificant difference in clinical features between the antenatal HELLP group and the postpartum HELLP group when not complicated with SPE(P＞0.05).Conclusions:There is only one difference between prenatal and postnatal HELLP syndrome in terms of the speed of disease progression,the time taken from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,and both can lead to serious maternal and neonatal complications,which should be identified early in clini-cal practice.

Objective:The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome before and after delivery and the risk factors of pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 126 cases of HELLP syndrome admitted to The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021,divided into prenatal HELLP group[n=108,98 cases with severe preeclampsia(SPE)]and postpartum HELLP group(n=18,15 cases with SPE),to compare the differences in clinical charac-teristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups with the different onset time and whether they were complicated with SPE.Results:①Compared with the postpartum HELLP group,the prenatal HELLP group had higher systolic blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy,shorter time from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,higher liver function abnormalities,lower platelet counts,and lower 24-hour urinary protein,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis between the two groups(P＞0.05).②When combined with SPE,the antenatal HELLP group had a shorter interval from preeclampsia to HELLP syndrome,lower platelet counts,and higher liver en-zymes than the postpartum HELLP group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).③There was no sig-nificant difference in clinical features between the antenatal HELLP group and the postpartum HELLP group when not complicated with SPE(P＞0.05).Conclusions:There is only one difference between prenatal and postnatal HELLP syndrome in terms of the speed of disease progression,the time taken from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,and both can lead to serious maternal and neonatal complications,which should be identified early in clini-cal practice.

Objective:The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome before and after delivery and the risk factors of pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 126 cases of HELLP syndrome admitted to The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021,divided into prenatal HELLP group[n=108,98 cases with severe preeclampsia(SPE)]and postpartum HELLP group(n=18,15 cases with SPE),to compare the differences in clinical charac-teristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups with the different onset time and whether they were complicated with SPE.Results:①Compared with the postpartum HELLP group,the prenatal HELLP group had higher systolic blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy,shorter time from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,higher liver function abnormalities,lower platelet counts,and lower 24-hour urinary protein,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis between the two groups(P＞0.05).②When combined with SPE,the antenatal HELLP group had a shorter interval from preeclampsia to HELLP syndrome,lower platelet counts,and higher liver en-zymes than the postpartum HELLP group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).③There was no sig-nificant difference in clinical features between the antenatal HELLP group and the postpartum HELLP group when not complicated with SPE(P＞0.05).Conclusions:There is only one difference between prenatal and postnatal HELLP syndrome in terms of the speed of disease progression,the time taken from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,and both can lead to serious maternal and neonatal complications,which should be identified early in clini-cal practice.

Objective:The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome before and after delivery and the risk factors of pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 126 cases of HELLP syndrome admitted to The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021,divided into prenatal HELLP group[n=108,98 cases with severe preeclampsia(SPE)]and postpartum HELLP group(n=18,15 cases with SPE),to compare the differences in clinical charac-teristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups with the different onset time and whether they were complicated with SPE.Results:①Compared with the postpartum HELLP group,the prenatal HELLP group had higher systolic blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy,shorter time from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,higher liver function abnormalities,lower platelet counts,and lower 24-hour urinary protein,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis between the two groups(P＞0.05).②When combined with SPE,the antenatal HELLP group had a shorter interval from preeclampsia to HELLP syndrome,lower platelet counts,and higher liver en-zymes than the postpartum HELLP group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).③There was no sig-nificant difference in clinical features between the antenatal HELLP group and the postpartum HELLP group when not complicated with SPE(P＞0.05).Conclusions:There is only one difference between prenatal and postnatal HELLP syndrome in terms of the speed of disease progression,the time taken from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,and both can lead to serious maternal and neonatal complications,which should be identified early in clini-cal practice.

Objective:The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with HELLP syndrome before and after delivery and the risk factors of pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on 126 cases of HELLP syndrome admitted to The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021,divided into prenatal HELLP group[n=108,98 cases with severe preeclampsia(SPE)]and postpartum HELLP group(n=18,15 cases with SPE),to compare the differences in clinical charac-teristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups with the different onset time and whether they were complicated with SPE.Results:①Compared with the postpartum HELLP group,the prenatal HELLP group had higher systolic blood pressure in the third trimester of pregnancy,shorter time from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,higher liver function abnormalities,lower platelet counts,and lower 24-hour urinary protein,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes and neonatal prognosis between the two groups(P＞0.05).②When combined with SPE,the antenatal HELLP group had a shorter interval from preeclampsia to HELLP syndrome,lower platelet counts,and higher liver en-zymes than the postpartum HELLP group,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).③There was no sig-nificant difference in clinical features between the antenatal HELLP group and the postpartum HELLP group when not complicated with SPE(P＞0.05).Conclusions:There is only one difference between prenatal and postnatal HELLP syndrome in terms of the speed of disease progression,the time taken from preeclampsia to HELLP syn-drome,and both can lead to serious maternal and neonatal complications,which should be identified early in clini-cal practice.