Objective To explore the correlation between time within target range of blood glucose(TIR)and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.Methods 435 T2DM patients hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology,Second People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2019 to September 2023 were selected.According to the sleep apnea hypopnea index(AHI)and the lowest blood oxygen saturation(LSaO2),they were divided into 270 simple T2DM patients(T2DM),100 diabetes patients with mild OSAHS(MOS)and 65 diabetes patients with moderate to severe OSAHS(SOS).The transient glucose monitoring system was used to complete dynamic glucose monitoring and calculate TIR.According to the 25th,50th and 75th percentile values of TIR,the study subjects were divided into four groups:Q1 group(TIR<51%),Q2 group(TIR 51%～65%),Q3 group(TIR 65%～78%)and Q4 group(TIR>78%).Results Compared with T2DM group,the TIR levels of patients in MOS and SOS groups decreased(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between TIR and AHI(P<0.05),and a positive correlation with LSaO2(P<0.05).Compared with Q1 group,Q4 group had shorter duration of DM,lower levels of HbA1c,UACR and AHI,lower incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke(P<0.05),but higher levels of eGFR and LSaO2(P<0.05).Logistic regression showed that male,BMI,DBP,TC,UACR and HOMA-IR were the influencing factors for OSAHS.TIR levels were the influencing factors for OSAHS(OR 0.960,95%CI 0.937～0.982,P=0.004)and moderate and Severe OSAHS(OR 0.922,95%CI 0.879～0.974,P=0.002).Compared with Q4 group,the Q1 group had the highest risk of OSAHS(OR 3.745,95%CI 1.128～12.046,P=0.034).Conclusions In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients,men,BMI,DBP,TC,UACR,HOMA-IR are related to the occurrence of OSAHS,OSAHS is significantly related to the decline of TIR level.

Objective To explore the correlation between time within target range of blood glucose(TIR)and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.Methods 435 T2DM patients hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology,Second People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2019 to September 2023 were selected.According to the sleep apnea hypopnea index(AHI)and the lowest blood oxygen saturation(LSaO2),they were divided into 270 simple T2DM patients(T2DM),100 diabetes patients with mild OSAHS(MOS)and 65 diabetes patients with moderate to severe OSAHS(SOS).The transient glucose monitoring system was used to complete dynamic glucose monitoring and calculate TIR.According to the 25th,50th and 75th percentile values of TIR,the study subjects were divided into four groups:Q1 group(TIR<51%),Q2 group(TIR 51%～65%),Q3 group(TIR 65%～78%)and Q4 group(TIR>78%).Results Compared with T2DM group,the TIR levels of patients in MOS and SOS groups decreased(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between TIR and AHI(P<0.05),and a positive correlation with LSaO2(P<0.05).Compared with Q1 group,Q4 group had shorter duration of DM,lower levels of HbA1c,UACR and AHI,lower incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke(P<0.05),but higher levels of eGFR and LSaO2(P<0.05).Logistic regression showed that male,BMI,DBP,TC,UACR and HOMA-IR were the influencing factors for OSAHS.TIR levels were the influencing factors for OSAHS(OR 0.960,95%CI 0.937～0.982,P=0.004)and moderate and Severe OSAHS(OR 0.922,95%CI 0.879～0.974,P=0.002).Compared with Q4 group,the Q1 group had the highest risk of OSAHS(OR 3.745,95%CI 1.128～12.046,P=0.034).Conclusions In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients,men,BMI,DBP,TC,UACR,HOMA-IR are related to the occurrence of OSAHS,OSAHS is significantly related to the decline of TIR level.

The smooth implementation of anesthesia medical services by nurse anesthetists is significant. However, there is currently no unified standard for the training resources, content, evaluation, and certification of nurse anesthetists. This paper summarizes the training resources, training content, assessment and certification, and job responsibilities of nurse anesthetists in China and looks forward to the future, providing a reference for standardizing and improving the training of nurse anesthetists in China.

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of research on the use of cosmetic care in breast cancer patients.Methods:Using Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP and China Biology Medicine disc were searched for studies related to the application of cosmetic care in breast cancer patients. The search time limit was from the date construction to December 5th, 2023. The included literature were summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 14 articles were included in this study. The intervention forms of cosmetic care were mainly education and training, group meetings, hands-on training, interviews, communication and sharing, lectures, and seminars; the content of the interventions included appearance knowledge training, image advice, make-up seminars, wig counseling and care, facial care, body care, face fixation, and prosthetic wear; and the endpoint indicators were mainly quality of life indicators, physiological indicators, psychological indicators, and social indicators.Conclusions:The content elements of the cosmetic care program were diversified, and the application of the program to breast cancer patients showed effectiveness in four aspects: quality of life, physiology, psychology, and society.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of blood glucose fluctuation and risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients with asymptomatic hypoglycemia.Methods:From September 2018 to July 2021, 342 patients with type 2 diabete mellitus who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology of Hefei Hospital Affilitated to Anhui Medical University were enrolled for a retrospective study. The mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE), coefficient of variation (CV), 24 hour mean blood glucose level (MG), and time in range (TIR) were obtained by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). According to the results of CGM and whether the patients have hypoglycemia symptoms, they were divided into three groups: no hypoglycemia group, symptomatic hypoglycemia group, and asymptomatic hypoglycemia group. The differences in blood glucose fluctuations were compared among the three groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors in type 2 diabete mellitus patients with asymptomatic hypoglycemia. The predictive value of MAGE for asymptomatic hypoglycemia was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:Compared with the non-hypoglycemia group, the TIR in asymptomatic hypoglycemia group was higher ( Z=-2.042, P=0.041). The asymptomatic hypoglycemia group had lower MG, higher MAGE and CV compared with the other two groups(all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), MAGE, and CV were the risk factors for asymptomatic hypoglycemia, while MG was the protective factor. After adjustment for other risk factors, MAGE was still associated with asymptomatic hypoglycemia ( OR=1.111, 95% CI 0.999-1.235, P=0.049). The sensitivity and specificity of MAGE in predicting asymptomatic hypoglycemia were 0.769 and 0.776, respectively. Conclusions:Patients with asymptomatic hypoglycemia present with larger TIR and MAGE. MAGE, UACR, and CV were risk factors for asymptomatic hypoglycemia. Moreover, MAGE has some predictive value for the occurrence of asymptomatic hypoglycemia.