In recent years，the incidence of deep vein thrombosis（DVT）in critically ill children has shown an increasing trend.Risk factors such as central venous catheterization，mechanical ventilation，and sepsis have been well-documented.However，there remains a lack of unified risk stratification systems or widely validated risk assessment models specific to pediatric DVT.With advancements in anticoagulant agents and interventional approaches，emerging studies have explored the efficacy of novel anticoagulant regimens in pediatric DVT management，yet standardized protocols for treatment and prevention are still lacking.This article comprehensively reviewed the risk factors，therapeutic advances，and preventive strategies for DVT in critically ill children.

In recent years，the incidence of deep vein thrombosis（DVT）in critically ill children has shown an increasing trend.Risk factors such as central venous catheterization，mechanical ventilation，and sepsis have been well-documented.However，there remains a lack of unified risk stratification systems or widely validated risk assessment models specific to pediatric DVT.With advancements in anticoagulant agents and interventional approaches，emerging studies have explored the efficacy of novel anticoagulant regimens in pediatric DVT management，yet standardized protocols for treatment and prevention are still lacking.This article comprehensively reviewed the risk factors，therapeutic advances，and preventive strategies for DVT in critically ill children.