Purpose: It is important to understand changes in energy requirements in critically ill patients with sepsis. This study investigates alterations in energy requirements based on the clinical course of sepsis in patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) using indirect calorimetry. Methods: In this prospective study, 36 patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit with sepsis were analyzed. Using indirect calorimetry, the resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) were assessed on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day of Intensive Care Unit admission. Measured REE through indirect calorimetry was compared with the predictive equations (Weight-based, Harris-Benedict, IretonJones, and Penn state 2003) using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Measured REE was highest on Day 1 and remained unchanged on Day 3 and 7 (Day 1 vs. Day 3 vs. Day 7: 24.29 ± 3.72 kcal/kg vs. 22.42 ± 3.72 kcal/kg vs. 23.26 ± 5.78 kcal/kg). RQ decreased on Day 3 but increased on Day 7 after caloric intake (Day 1 vs. Day 3 vs. Day 7: 0.69 ± 0.06 vs. 0.67 ± 0.05 vs. 0.71 ± 0.06). Comparing the correlation between the 4 predictive equations and the measured REE, the Penn state 2003 equation demonstrated the highest correlation at each time point, although it showed a decreasing trend over time (Penn state equation ICC: Day 1-0.71, Day 3-0.65, Day 7-0.53). Conclusion In sepsis patients, it is necessary to understand metabolic changes according to the clinical course and provide appropriate calories as determined by using indirect calorimetry when the patients enter the stable phase.

Purpose: It is important to understand changes in energy requirements in critically ill patients with sepsis. This study investigates alterations in energy requirements based on the clinical course of sepsis in patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) using indirect calorimetry. Methods: In this prospective study, 36 patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit with sepsis were analyzed. Using indirect calorimetry, the resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) were assessed on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day of Intensive Care Unit admission. Measured REE through indirect calorimetry was compared with the predictive equations (Weight-based, Harris-Benedict, IretonJones, and Penn state 2003) using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Measured REE was highest on Day 1 and remained unchanged on Day 3 and 7 (Day 1 vs. Day 3 vs. Day 7: 24.29 ± 3.72 kcal/kg vs. 22.42 ± 3.72 kcal/kg vs. 23.26 ± 5.78 kcal/kg). RQ decreased on Day 3 but increased on Day 7 after caloric intake (Day 1 vs. Day 3 vs. Day 7: 0.69 ± 0.06 vs. 0.67 ± 0.05 vs. 0.71 ± 0.06). Comparing the correlation between the 4 predictive equations and the measured REE, the Penn state 2003 equation demonstrated the highest correlation at each time point, although it showed a decreasing trend over time (Penn state equation ICC: Day 1-0.71, Day 3-0.65, Day 7-0.53). Conclusion In sepsis patients, it is necessary to understand metabolic changes according to the clinical course and provide appropriate calories as determined by using indirect calorimetry when the patients enter the stable phase.

Purpose: It is important to understand changes in energy requirements in critically ill patients with sepsis. This study investigates alterations in energy requirements based on the clinical course of sepsis in patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) using indirect calorimetry. Methods: In this prospective study, 36 patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit with sepsis were analyzed. Using indirect calorimetry, the resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) were assessed on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day of Intensive Care Unit admission. Measured REE through indirect calorimetry was compared with the predictive equations (Weight-based, Harris-Benedict, IretonJones, and Penn state 2003) using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Measured REE was highest on Day 1 and remained unchanged on Day 3 and 7 (Day 1 vs. Day 3 vs. Day 7: 24.29 ± 3.72 kcal/kg vs. 22.42 ± 3.72 kcal/kg vs. 23.26 ± 5.78 kcal/kg). RQ decreased on Day 3 but increased on Day 7 after caloric intake (Day 1 vs. Day 3 vs. Day 7: 0.69 ± 0.06 vs. 0.67 ± 0.05 vs. 0.71 ± 0.06). Comparing the correlation between the 4 predictive equations and the measured REE, the Penn state 2003 equation demonstrated the highest correlation at each time point, although it showed a decreasing trend over time (Penn state equation ICC: Day 1-0.71, Day 3-0.65, Day 7-0.53). Conclusion In sepsis patients, it is necessary to understand metabolic changes according to the clinical course and provide appropriate calories as determined by using indirect calorimetry when the patients enter the stable phase.

BACKGROUND: Research into the Baumann skin type (BST) has recently expanded, with growing interest in the development of an efficient and effective skin type classification system for better understanding of this skin condition. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify male-specific skin type characteristics with investigation into the distribution of BST by age and region in the Korean male population and to determine the intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to skin type. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to collect information about age, region, working behavior, drinking behavior, smoking behavior, usual habit of sun protection, medical history, and the BST which consisted of four parameters; oily (O) or dry (D), sensitive (S) or resistant (R), pigmented (P) or non-pigmented (N), and wrinkled (W) or tight (T). RESULTS: We surveyed 1,000 Korean males aged between 20 and 60 years who were divided equally by age and region. Of the total respondents, OSNW type accounted for the largest percentage and ORPW type the lowest. In terms of Baumann parameters, O type was 53.5%, S type was 56.1%, N type was 84.4% and W type was 57.5%. Several behavioral factors were found to have various relationships with the skin type. CONCLUSION: The predominant skin type in the Korean male respondents was OSNW type, and the distribution of skin types with regards to age and region was reported to be distinct. Therefore, skin care should be customized based on detailed skin types considering the various environmental factors.
Classification ; Drinking Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Skin Care ; Skin ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Solar System ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Pancreatic injuries due to trauma in children are rare. An early diagnosis is difficult as the signs and symptoms are insidious, but delays in diagnosis can lead to significant complications. We report a case of a child who visited the emergency department with aggravating abdominal pain. The physicians first diagnosed the abdominal pain as being caused by a disease in the emergency department, but the patient was subsequently diagnosed with pancreatic injury. Clinicians should be aware of a possible trauma in children who complain of vague abdominal pain even in the absence of corresponding history.
Abdominal Pain ; Amylases ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Lipase ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst

BACKGROUND: To meet the need for a subspecialized skin type system, the Baumann skin type (BST) system was proposed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the distribution of BST types and influencing factors among Korean women. METHODS: BST questionnaires were administered to 1,000 Korean women. The possible responses were as follows: oily (O) or dry (D), sensitive (S) or resistant (R), pigmented (P) or non-pigmented (N), and wrinkled (W) or tight (T). The correlations of the BST with the subjects' age, location, ultraviolet (UV) ray exposure, drinking and smoking habits, and blood type were assessed. RESULTS: The OSNT, DSNT, DRNT, and OSNW skin types were the most common skin types (55.3%). The O, S, P, and W types accounted for 46.6%, 68.8%, 23.2%, and 31.9%, respectively. The proportion of the O and S type was the highest in Gyeongsangbuk-do (55.0%) and Seoul (77.2%). The proportion of the P and W type was the highest in Gyeongsangbuk-do (33.0%) and Chungcheong-do (39.0%). The O type decreased in the higher age group, whereas the P and W type showed a reversed tendency. In smokers, the proportion of W type was significantly higher than in the non-smokers (66.3% vs. 24.1%, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The 4 most common BST types were OSNT, DSNT, DRNT, and OSNW. In the comparison across the 4 BST parameters according to the age, region, smoking and drinking habits, occupation, blood type, and UV exposure, significant differences were observed. Individualized and customized skin care is required according to the personal skin type.
Drinking ; Female* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Occupations ; Seoul ; Skin Care ; Skin* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Skin*

No abstract available.
Nevus, Blue* ; Prurigo*

No abstract available.
Nevus, Blue* ; Prurigo*

No abstract available.
Hyaluronic Acid* ; Injections, Intra-Articular*