AIM:To investigate the current status and influencing factors of knowledge-attitude-practice in myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents in Ningbo City, thereby providing a scientific basis for formulating targeted prevention strategies.METHODS: Children and adolescents aged 6-12 years old were selected from the medical-school collaborative myopia prevention network in Ningbo City between August 2024 and May 2025 using stratified cluster sampling. Information on myopia prevention knowledge(15 items)and practice(9 items)was collected through questionnaire surveys. Logistic regression models were used to analyze factors influencing myopia occurrence in children and adolescents.RESULTS: A total of 664 children and adolescents aged 6-12 years were enrolled in this study. Participants were divided by age into three groups: 6-7 years old(n=221), 8-9 years old(n=221), and 10-12 years old(n=222). Of the 664 questionnaires distributed, 637 valid questionnaires were returned(201 from the 6-7 age group, 235 from the 8-9 age group, and 201 from the 10-12 age group), yielding an effective response rate of 95.9%. Based on myopia screening results, the non-myopic group comprised 203 participants(31.9%), including 100 males and 103 females, with a mean age of 8.82±1.98 years old. The myopic group comprised 434 participants(68.1%), including 213 males and 221 females, with a mean age of 9.10±1.95 years old. The myopia prevalence rates in the 6-7, 8-9, and 10-12 age groups were 37.8%(76/201), 71.9%(169/235), and 94.0%(189/201), respectively(P<0.001). Regarding the knowledge and practice of myopia prevention, the overall awareness rate in the non-myopic group(59.7%±9.7%)was significantly higher than that in the myopic group(48.7%±8.5%; P<0.001). Additionally, the non-myopic group scored higher on the key practice of “regular eye examinations”(4.27±0.96)compared to the myopic group(4.10±1.05; P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that age was the primary risk factor for myopia occurrence.CONCLUSION: Age is the dominant factor in the onset of myopia, and there is a phenomenon of “knowledge-practice gap”; the traditional health education model has limitations, and a precise prevention and control system based on developmental patterns should be established.

ObjectiveTo explore the training path of rehabilitation therapy professionals in local colleges and universities under the background of New Medicine. MethodsTaking Jining Medical University as an example, combining the interdisciplinary integration, intelligent driving and people-oriented New Medicine attributes of rehabilitation therapy, this study focused on the current practical problems in rehabilitation education, accurately aligned with the requirements of new medicine construction, reshaped the curriculum system with new concepts, empowered practical innovation with new technologies, and cultivated humanistic literacy with new connotations. By deeply integrating digital construction with educational practice, it carried out the construction and practice of the New Medicine talent training model in rehabilitation therapy, helping students form a stereoscopic knowledge structure, possess the ability to apply intelligent rehabilitation technology and solve complex rehabilitation problems, and become high-quality rehabilitation therapy talents with both morality and ability. ResultsThe overall construction of the rehabilitation therapy major established a model of Dual fusion foundation, Three element empowerment and Three dimensional soul casting, including reform and innovation in curriculum system, practical mode and moral education mechanism. It has formed a health oriented "vertical and horizontal integration-discipline fusion" dual-fusion stereoscopic curriculum system, an intelligent led "theory and practice-science and education-industry and education" three element integration practical mode, and a confucian medical culture "curriculum-practice-evaluation" three-dimensional integrated moral education mechanism. Through practical testing, this model achieved significant results and was widely recognized, including a significant improvement in the quality of talent cultivation, prominent achievements in resource construction, and prominent achievements in health services, providing strong support for the construction of regional rehabilitation medical systems. ConclusionThe reform of the rehabilitation treatment talent training model at Jining Medical University under the background of New Medicine provides a replicable and promotable practical paradigm for the training of rehabilitation talents in similar universities through reshaping the curriculum system, strengthening practical innovation, and cultivating humanistic literacy.

ObjectiveTo explore the training path of rehabilitation therapy professionals in local colleges and universities under the background of New Medicine. MethodsTaking Jining Medical University as an example, combining the interdisciplinary integration, intelligent driving and people-oriented New Medicine attributes of rehabilitation therapy, this study focused on the current practical problems in rehabilitation education, accurately aligned with the requirements of new medicine construction, reshaped the curriculum system with new concepts, empowered practical innovation with new technologies, and cultivated humanistic literacy with new connotations. By deeply integrating digital construction with educational practice, it carried out the construction and practice of the New Medicine talent training model in rehabilitation therapy, helping students form a stereoscopic knowledge structure, possess the ability to apply intelligent rehabilitation technology and solve complex rehabilitation problems, and become high-quality rehabilitation therapy talents with both morality and ability. ResultsThe overall construction of the rehabilitation therapy major established a model of Dual fusion foundation, Three element empowerment and Three dimensional soul casting, including reform and innovation in curriculum system, practical mode and moral education mechanism. It has formed a health oriented "vertical and horizontal integration-discipline fusion" dual-fusion stereoscopic curriculum system, an intelligent led "theory and practice-science and education-industry and education" three element integration practical mode, and a confucian medical culture "curriculum-practice-evaluation" three-dimensional integrated moral education mechanism. Through practical testing, this model achieved significant results and was widely recognized, including a significant improvement in the quality of talent cultivation, prominent achievements in resource construction, and prominent achievements in health services, providing strong support for the construction of regional rehabilitation medical systems. ConclusionThe reform of the rehabilitation treatment talent training model at Jining Medical University under the background of New Medicine provides a replicable and promotable practical paradigm for the training of rehabilitation talents in similar universities through reshaping the curriculum system, strengthening practical innovation, and cultivating humanistic literacy.

ObjectiveTo explore the training path of rehabilitation therapy professionals in local colleges and universities under the background of New Medicine. MethodsTaking Jining Medical University as an example, combining the interdisciplinary integration, intelligent driving and people-oriented New Medicine attributes of rehabilitation therapy, this study focused on the current practical problems in rehabilitation education, accurately aligned with the requirements of new medicine construction, reshaped the curriculum system with new concepts, empowered practical innovation with new technologies, and cultivated humanistic literacy with new connotations. By deeply integrating digital construction with educational practice, it carried out the construction and practice of the New Medicine talent training model in rehabilitation therapy, helping students form a stereoscopic knowledge structure, possess the ability to apply intelligent rehabilitation technology and solve complex rehabilitation problems, and become high-quality rehabilitation therapy talents with both morality and ability. ResultsThe overall construction of the rehabilitation therapy major established a model of Dual fusion foundation, Three element empowerment and Three dimensional soul casting, including reform and innovation in curriculum system, practical mode and moral education mechanism. It has formed a health oriented "vertical and horizontal integration-discipline fusion" dual-fusion stereoscopic curriculum system, an intelligent led "theory and practice-science and education-industry and education" three element integration practical mode, and a confucian medical culture "curriculum-practice-evaluation" three-dimensional integrated moral education mechanism. Through practical testing, this model achieved significant results and was widely recognized, including a significant improvement in the quality of talent cultivation, prominent achievements in resource construction, and prominent achievements in health services, providing strong support for the construction of regional rehabilitation medical systems. ConclusionThe reform of the rehabilitation treatment talent training model at Jining Medical University under the background of New Medicine provides a replicable and promotable practical paradigm for the training of rehabilitation talents in similar universities through reshaping the curriculum system, strengthening practical innovation, and cultivating humanistic literacy.

Hepatitis B virus （HBV） exclusively infects liver parenchymal cells and forms covalently closed circular DNA （cccDNA） within their nuclei. HBV cccDNA serves as the essential template for viral gene transcription， the sole source of progeny virus production， and the key driver of viral antigen expression， and it is the molecular basis for the persistence of HBV infection. Therefore， elimination and/or functional silencing of cccDNA is the key to eradicate chronic HBV infection. This article discusses the critical scientific issues that need to be solved during elimination of the harm of HBV infection from the perspectives of the synthesis， transcription， and clearance of cccDNA， as well as the impact of nonparenchymal cells on cccDNA， in order to provide a reference for eradicating HBV infection in the future.

Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a major occupational health concern, particularly among workers exposed to adverse ergonomic conditions. Manganese production involves heavy physical demands, yet research on WMSDs among manganese workers remains limited. Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of WMSDs among manganese workers in a manganese enterprise in Guangxi. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2024 on workers at a manganese factory in Guangxi. The Chinese Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, distribution of musculoskeletal symptoms, and work-related exposures. χ² test was applied to compare differences in positive WMSDs rates across groups, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors. Results A total of 1476 workers were enrolled in the study after pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of WMSDs was 34.15%. The most commonly affected body regions were the lower back (17.28%), neck (16.67%), and shoulders (13.82%). The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that female, older age, and education level of college or above were associated with a higher risk of WMSDs (P<0.05). Awkward working postures were significantly associated with WMSDs in corresponding body regions; in particular, awkward postures of the neck, upper limbs, trunk, and lower limbs were related to an increased risk of WMSDs in multiple body sites (P<0.05). In addition, poor lighting conditions, high workplace temperature, frequent or sustained arm support during work, and high job demands were associated with an increased risk of overall or site-specific WMSDs (P<0.05). Conclusion The high prevalence of WMSDs among manganese workers is closely associated with demographic characteristics, working postures, and work environment and organizational factors. Targeted ergonomic interventions focusing on high-risk body regions and key ergonomic exposures are warranted to reduce the risk of WMSDs among manganese workers.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the specific risks and long-term toxicities of four BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors （TKIs）（imatinib， dasatinib， nilotinib， and bosutinib） in pediatric patients with hematological malignancies. METHODS Adverse drug event （ADE） reports submitted to the the United States FDA Adverse Event Reporting System （FAERS） from January 2012 to December 2024， with imatinib， dasatinib， nilotinib， and bosutinib as the primary suspect drugs， were collected. Data mining was performed using the reporting odds ratio method and proportional reporting ratio method. ADE terms were classified and summarized by system organ class （SOC） and preferred term （PT） according to the Medical Dictionary for Drug Regulatory Activities （MedDRA， version 26.0）. Meanwhile， the ADE reports were divided by age into the adult group （≥18 years） and the pediatric group （＜18 years） to compare the differences in ADE between the two groups. RESULTS A total of 1 512 pediatric ADE reports were included： 993 for imatinib， 391 for dasatinib， 112 for nilotinib， and 16 for bosutinib. Among the reported ADEs， the patients were mainly aged 12-＜18 years； the reports mainly originated from the United States， France， and Japan； and the primary indications were chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A total of 5 256 ADE signals were mined， among which 235 were positive signals， involving 1 103 PT across 27 SOC. The top five PT ranked by the number of positive signals were nausea， febrile neutropenia， abdominal pain， neutropenia， and anemia. The top two SOC were general disorders and administration site conditions， and gastrointestinal disorders. Compared with the adult group， the pediatric group had relatively higher proportions of events related to infections and infestations as well as blood and lymphatic system disorders. Pediatric long-term toxicity signals primarily included growth retardation， accompanied by signals related to endocrine system abnormalities and bone metabolism abnormalities. Specific signals included imatinib-associated septic shock， dasatinib-associated chylothorax， and nilotinib-associated electrocardiographic QT interval prolongation. CONCLUSIONS When pediatric patients use BCR-ABL1 TKIs， priority monitoring of infection risk and hematologic parameters is required， along with long-term follow-up of height， endocrine， and bone metabolism parameters. Targeted screening and management of drug-specific signals should be performed to ensure the long-term safety of pediatric medication.

The doublecortin (DCX) gene encodes DCX, a microtubule-associated protein that plays a crucial role in brain development. DCX variants can disrupt microtubule binding and stabilization, interfere with intracellular transport, and affect post-translational modifications. A correlation exists between variant types and clinical severity. Animal models and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models simulating DCX deficiency revealed the dynamic progression of the disease, which has provided a powerful tool for investigating disease mechanisms and screening therapeutic agents. Currently there is no cure for DCX variants, with treatment primarily relying on anti-epileptic drugs and symptom management. Basic research is now offering new avenues for future therapeutic approaches. This article has summarized the potential pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for the DCX variants, with an aim to provide insights for clinical treatment.
Humans ; Doublecortin Protein ; Doublecortin Domain Proteins ; Animals ; Neuropeptides/metabolism* ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism* ; Mutation

Objective To investigate the current distribution and predict the future suitable habitats of Haemaphysalis longicornis in Nanjing City, so as to provide insights into control and early warning of ticks and management of tick-borne diseases in Nanjing City. Methods The electronic map of Nanjing City was obtained from the National Platform for Common GeoSpatial Information Services. The distribution of H. longicornis and the longitude and latitude of distribution points from 2022 to 2024 were obtained from centers for disease control and prevention across each district in Nanjing City. Climatic and environmental variable data in Nanjing City were captured from the Worldclim database. Initially, 19 bioclimatic variables in this database were selected, including annual mean temperature, mean diurnal range, isothermality, temperature seasonality, maximum temperature of the warmest month, minimum temperature of the warmest month, temperature annual range, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, mean temperature of the driest quarter, mean temperature of the warmest quarter, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, annual precipitation, precipitation of the wettest month, precipitation of the driest month, precipitation seasonality, precipitation of the wettest quarter, precipitation of the driest quarter, precipitation of the warmest quarter, and precipitation of the coldest quarter. The elevation and normalized difference vegetation index were obtained from Data Sharing Platform of the Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Then, the distribution points of H. longicornis, elevation, vegetation index and 19 bioclimatic variables were loaded into the software MaxEnt 3.4.4 to evaluate and screen out the variables with a contribution rate of 1% and higher. ArcGIS 10.8.1 software was used to extract the elevation, vegetation index and 19 bioclimatic variables of the distribution points of H. longicornis for a correlation analysis. If the absolute value of the correlation coefficient was 0.8 and higher, the variable with the higher contribution was retained. The 2050 dataset of the BCCCSM2-MR atmospheric circulation model in the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 (CMIP6) were obtained from the Worldclim database as climate data for 2050. Screened H. longicornis species data and environmental and climate data were loaded into the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model with the software MaxEnt 3.4.4 for training and validation, and then, all data generated from the model were imported into the software ArcGIS 10.8.1 to generate raster data and yield the map pertaining to the distribution of H. longicornis risk in Nanjing City. The accuracy of the model was evaluated with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the predictive effect of the model was assessed with area under the ROC curve (AUC). The suitable habitats of H. longicornis were classified in Nanjing City with the software ArcGIS 10.8.1, and the areas of distribution of suitable habitats in various categories were recorded to create the map of current H. longicornis suitable habitats classification in Nanjing City. The climatic and geographic information data in 2050 were employed as future environmental and climatic factors, and current environmental and climatic factors and current H. longicornis distribution data were additionally used to predict the future suitable habitats of H. longicornis in Nanjing City. In addition, the contributions of environmental and climatic factors to distribution of suitable habitats of H. longicornis was evaluated with the Jackknife method in Nanjing City. Results A total of 10 environmental and climatic variables were screened for analysis of the suitability of H. longicornis in Nanjing City based on correlation analyses and contributions of the MaxEnt model, including annual mean temperature, precipitation of the warmest quarter, vegetation index, precipitation of the wettest month, temperature annual range, annual precipitation, mean temperature of the warmest quarter, elevation, mean temperature of the wettest quarter, and maximum temperature of the warmest month, and annual mean temperature (34.8%), precipitation of the warmest quarter (17.3%), vegetation index (13.1%), and precipitation of the wettest month (10.8%) contributed relatively highly to the distribution of suitable habitats of H. longicornis in Nanjing City. The mean AUC of the ROC curve was 0.810 ± 0.055 for 10 repeated modeling results of the MaxEnt model, indicating high predictive performance of the model. The potential distribution areas of H. longicornis were predicted to be mainly located in Luhe District, Pukou District, Jiangning District, Lishui District, and Gaochun District in Nanjing City with the MaxEnt model. Under current climatic conditions, the area of potential suitable habitats of H. longicornis was 4 182.42 km² in Nanjing City, including 1 252.94 km² highly suitable habitats, which accounted for 19.00% of the total area of Nanjing City. Under the climate scenario in 2050, the area of potential suitable habitats of H. longicornis was projected to increase to 5 467.58 km² in Nanjing City, accounting for 82.95% of the total area of the city, and these habitats were mainly concentrated in Luhe District, Pukou District, Jiangning District, Lishui District, and Gaochun District. The areas of suitable habitats of H. longicornis at various categories were predicted to vary greatly in 2050, and the area of highly suitable habitats of H. longicornis was projected to increase to 2 378.82 km², accounting for 36.08% of the total area of Nanjing City. Based on jackknife tests and contributions of environmental and climatic variables, 6 dominant environmental and climatic factors were screened, including annual mean temperature (34.8% contribution), precipitation of the warmest quarter (17.3% contribution), vegetation index (13.1% contribution), precipitation of the wettest month (10.8% contribution), temperature annual range (5.4% contribution), and mean temperature of the warmest quarter (5.0% contribution), with cumulative contributions of 86.4%. Conclusion The distribution of H. longicornis is strongly associated with vegetation, temperature and precipitation in Nanjing City. Future climate change may lead to an expansion of the distribution area of H. longicornis in Nanjing City.

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the potential of different orders of magnitude single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) locus combinations for predicting distant kinship relationships. A high-density SNP locus set was constructed, and a comprehensive assessment of its inference capability was conducted. MethodsFirstly, we selected three commercial chip panels, CGA (Chinese genotyping array, Illumina), GSA (Global screening array, Illumina), Affy (23MF_V2 high-density SNP array, Affymetrix) and merged them after quality control, forming a high-density SNP locus panel(1 180 k). Secondly, we selected 161 samples and collected their peripheral blood samples by using whole-genome sequencing technology. Within this sample population, the levels of kinship relationships fully covered the range from level 1 to level 9, and the number of kinship pairs at each level was consistently maintained at over 50 pairs. From 161 samples data of whole-genome sequencing, the 1 180 k locus set was extracted, which is referred to as the high-density SNP locus set in the following text. The kinship inference was conducted using the identity-by-descent (IBD) algorithm with the selected optimal parameters. To comprehensively evaluate the performance of the high-density SNP locus set in kinship inference, we compared it with the three commercial chip panels, the intersection of these three chip loci, and the control sets constructed by randomly reducing the number of the high-density SNP locus set. Based on the changes in the IBD lengths, as well as the dynamic trends in prediction accuracy, we conducted a scientific assessment of the kinship inference capability of the high-density SNP locus set. ResultsAfter screening, a set of 1 184 334 autosomal SNPs was obtained. During the process of screening the optimal IBD length threshold, the result revealed that 0 cM, 1 cM, and 2 cM all demonstrated good applicability. However, to avoid the issue of a large amount of redundant information caused by setting a too low IBD length threshold, this study ultimately selected 2 cM as the optimal threshold. Compared with the average results of three chip panels, the high-density SNP locus set increased the total IBD length and the average IBD length across levels 1-9; the accuracy of the confidence interval for level 8 was 70.97%, which represented a 3.50% improvement; the average confidence interval accuracy for levels 1-8 was 91.39%, representing a 1.00% increase; and the false negative rates at levels 8 and 9 were reduced by 2.42% and 6.76%, respectively. The system efficacy of the high-density SNP locus set for kinship inference of first to eighth degree relationships reached 98.91%. Through random reduction of the high-density SNP locus set results, it is found that increasing the number of SNPs with the panel, the detection efficiency of IBD length showed a significant upward trend. At the same time, the overall trend in the accuracy of kinship relationship prediction as well as the confidence interval accuracy also indicated that both metrics steadily increased with the addition of more loci. ConclusionThe results show that the high-density SNPs panel significantly enhances the efficacy of distant kinship inference, accurately covering kinship degrees, with the average confidence interval accuracy for first to eighth degree relationships stably above 90%. The study finds that increasing the number of SNPs panel can improve the ability to predict distant kinship.