Background: To analyze the anthropometric changes in women who had participated in a combined resistance and aerobic training program for more than a year and to determine the effect of the exercise on weight loss. Methods: A total of 9,128 women aged between 20 and 60 years who registered in the Curves program, which employs a combination of resistance and aerobic training exercises, and who participated for more than 1 year were included in our analysis. The women were divided into groups according to exercise frequency: <1, 1, 2, and ≥3 days/week. Weight and waist circumference were measured at the beginning and end of the follow-up period. Results: The average follow-up duration was 625.3±151.2 days. Waist circumference and body weight decreased more on average in those who participated more frequently in exercise. The achievement of more than 5% weight reduction became more likely with increasing frequency of exercise participation. The odds ratios of more than 5% weight reduction between the exercise groups were 1.47, 1.58, and 2.05 for the 1, 2, and ≥3 days/week exercise groups, respectively. Conclusion Women who participated in a combined resistance and aerobic training program for more than a year lost weight in a dose-dependent manner.

Background: To analyze the anthropometric changes in women who had participated in a combined resistance and aerobic training program for more than a year and to determine the effect of the exercise on weight loss. Methods: A total of 9,128 women aged between 20 and 60 years who registered in the Curves program, which employs a combination of resistance and aerobic training exercises, and who participated for more than 1 year were included in our analysis. The women were divided into groups according to exercise frequency: <1, 1, 2, and ≥3 days/week. Weight and waist circumference were measured at the beginning and end of the follow-up period. Results: The average follow-up duration was 625.3±151.2 days. Waist circumference and body weight decreased more on average in those who participated more frequently in exercise. The achievement of more than 5% weight reduction became more likely with increasing frequency of exercise participation. The odds ratios of more than 5% weight reduction between the exercise groups were 1.47, 1.58, and 2.05 for the 1, 2, and ≥3 days/week exercise groups, respectively. Conclusion Women who participated in a combined resistance and aerobic training program for more than a year lost weight in a dose-dependent manner.

Background: To analyze the anthropometric changes in women who had participated in a combined resistance and aerobic training program for more than a year and to determine the effect of the exercise on weight loss. Methods: A total of 9,128 women aged between 20 and 60 years who registered in the Curves program, which employs a combination of resistance and aerobic training exercises, and who participated for more than 1 year were included in our analysis. The women were divided into groups according to exercise frequency: <1, 1, 2, and ≥3 days/week. Weight and waist circumference were measured at the beginning and end of the follow-up period. Results: The average follow-up duration was 625.3±151.2 days. Waist circumference and body weight decreased more on average in those who participated more frequently in exercise. The achievement of more than 5% weight reduction became more likely with increasing frequency of exercise participation. The odds ratios of more than 5% weight reduction between the exercise groups were 1.47, 1.58, and 2.05 for the 1, 2, and ≥3 days/week exercise groups, respectively. Conclusion Women who participated in a combined resistance and aerobic training program for more than a year lost weight in a dose-dependent manner.

PURPOSE: To report a case of Roth spots, panuveitis, and infectious mononucleosis in a healthy adult. CASE SUMMARY: An immunocompetent 30-year-old male visited our clinic complaining of reduced visual acuity and a floating sense in both eyes of 2 days. He had experienced flu-like symptoms including fever, sore throat, myalgia, and malaise for 10 days before visual acuity decreased. His best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in both eyes and inflammatory cells were found in both the anterior chambers and the vitreous. Funduscopy revealed multiple retinal hemorrhages and Roth spots in both eyes. We prescribed topical steroid eye drops. A peripheral blood test revealed mild leukocytosis with lymphocytosis (60%) consisted of atypical lymphocyte (7%). Serologic examinations were positive for cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin M (IgM) Ab and Epstein-Barr virus IgM Ab. A polymerase chain reaction for blood CMV was positive. The presumptive clinical diagnosis was Roth spots and panuveitis associated with infectious mononucleosis. Three weeks later, no inflammatory cells were apparent in the anterior chamber or vitreous. Best-corrected visual acuity had recovered to 20/20 in both eyes, and the retinal hemorrhage had completely disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: Roth spots and panuveitis can be present in patients with infectious mononucleosis, which should thus be included in the differential diagnosis of Roth spots.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; Cytomegalovirus ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fever ; Hematologic Tests ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; Leukocytosis ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphocytosis ; Male ; Myalgia ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Panuveitis ; Pharyngitis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity

Background: Controlled-release oxycodone/naloxone (OXN-CR) maintains the effect of opioid-induced analge-sia through oxycodone while reducing the occurrence rate of opioid-induced constipation through naloxone. The present study was designed to assess the non-inferiority of OXN-CR to controlled-release oxycodone (OX-CR) for the control of cancer-related pain in Korean patients. Methods: In this randomized, open-labeled, parallel-group, phase IV study, we enrolled patients aged 20 years or older with moderate to severe cancer-related pain [numeric rating scale (NRS) pain score≥4] from seven Korean oncology/hematology centers. Patients in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population were randomized (1:1) to OXN-CR or OX-CR groups. OXN-CR was administered starting at 20 mg/10 mg per day and up-titrated to a maximum of 80 mg/40 mg per day for 4 weeks, and OX-CR was administered starting at 20 mg/day and up-titrated to a maximum of 80 mg/day for 4 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in NRS pain score from baseline to week 4, with non-inferiority margin of?1.5. Secondary endpoints included analgesic rescue medication intake, patient-reported change in bowel habits, laxative intake, quality of life (QoL), and safety assessments. Results: Of the ITT population comprising 128 patients, 7 with missing primary efficacy data and 4 who violated the eligibility criteria were excluded from the efficacy analysis. At week 4, the mean change in NRS pain scores was not significantly different between the OXN-CR group (n= 58) and the OX-CR group (n= 59) (?1.586 vs.?1.559, P= 0.948). The lower limit of the one-sided 95％ confidence interval (?0.776 to 0.830) for the difference exceeded the non-inferiority margin (P < 0.001). The OXN-CR and OX-CR groups did not differ significantly in terms of analgesic rescue medication intake, change in bowel habits, laxative intake, QoL, and safety assessments. Conclusions: OXN-CR was non-inferior to OX-CR in terms of pain reduction after 4 weeks of treatment and had a similar safety profile. Studies in larger populations of Korean patients with cancer-related pain are needed to further investigate the effectiveness of OXN-CR for long-term pain control and constipation alleviation.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the magnitude and axis of astigmatism induced by a combined inferior oblique (IO) anterior transposition procedure with lateral rectus (LR) recession versus LR recession alone. METHODS: Forty-six patients were retrospectively analyzed. The subjects were divided into two groups: those having concurrent inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) and intermittent exotropia (group 1, 20 patients) and those having only intermittent exotropia as a control (group 2, 26 patients). Group 1 underwent combined anterior transposition of IO with LR recession and group 2 underwent LR recession alone. Induced astigmatism was defined as the difference between preoperative and postoperative astigmatism using double-angle vector analysis. Cylinder power, axis of induced astigmatism, and spherical equivalent were analyzed at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: Larger changes in the axis of induced astigmatism were observed in group 1, with 4.5° incyclotorsion, than in group 2 at 1 week after surgery (axis, 84.5° vs. 91°; p < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant inter-group difference thereafter. Relaxation and rapid regression in the incyclotorsion of induced astigmatism were observed over-time. Spherical equivalent significantly decreased postoperatively at 1 month in both groups, indicating a myopic shift (p = 0.011 for group 1 and p = 0.019 for group 2) but did not show significant differences at 3 months after surgery (p = 0.107 for group 1 and p = 0.760 for group 2). CONCLUSIONS: Combined IO anterior transposition procedures caused an increased change in the axis of induced astigmatism, including temporary incyclotorsion, during the first week after surgery. However, this significant difference was not maintained thereafter. Thus, combined IO surgery with LR recession does not seem to produce a sustained astigmatic change, which can be a potential risk factor of postoperative amblyopia or diplopia compared with LR recession alone.
Astigmatism/diagnosis/*etiology/physiopathology ; Child ; Exotropia/diagnosis/physiopathology/*surgery ; Eye Movements/*physiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Oculomotor Muscles/*surgery ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/*methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Vision, Binocular/*physiology

PURPOSE: In this study we compared the postoperative hole closure rate and average vision between a group who assumed a face-down position for a week using gas and a group who assumed a reading position after fluid air exchage (FAX), both after receiving internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling during vitrectomy in patients with idiopathic macular hole. METHODS: This study included 25 eyes of patients diagnosed with idiopathic macular hole that underwent vitrectomy. Group I assumed a face-down position for a week after intraocular gas tamponade after FAX during vitrectomy and Group II assumed a reading position for 3 days after only FAX. The hole closure rate and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were compared between the 2 groups 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The preoperative mean macular hole size was 456.2 +/- 164.1 microm in Group I and 411.2 +/- 105.7 microm in Group II and the differences between the 2 groups were not statistically significant (p = 0.647). At 6 months after surgery, the macular hole closure rate was 93% in Group I and 100% in Group II (p = 0.571) and the BCVA (log MAR) was 0.82 +/- 0.29 preoperatively and 0.92 +/- 0.35 postoperatively in Group I and 0.71 +/- 0.39 and 0.97 +/- 0.33 in Group II, respectively. The differences between the 2 groups (p = 0.09, p = 0.058) were not statistically significant (p = 0.809, p = 0.267). CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant differences in the macular hole closure rate and BCVA improvement after 6 months in patients with idiopathic macular hole who had FAX during vitrectomy and maintained only a reading position for 3 days compared with those with gas tamponade and who maintained a face-down position for a week. This surgical method is considered helpful for easing discomfort caused by a face-down position after the macular hole surgery.
Humans ; Membranes ; Retinal Perforations* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of individual counseling for bus-drivers on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease prevention. METHODS: The one-group pretest-posttest design was used. This study presents a secondary analysis of data collected in 'contents of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease prevention program for bus-drivers in one workplace in Seoul, Korea. The data were collected from 56 bus drivers, using questionnaires from September 10th to November 20th, 2014. The analysis was conducted with chi2 test and paired samples t-test using SPSS/Win 21.0. RESULTS: After the intervention, the participants showed a significant decrease in the level of systolic blood pressure (p=.003) and a significant increase in the total cholesterol level (p=.030). The distribution of cardiovascular risk groups changed after the intervention: 5.3% decreased in the high risk group, 16.1% decreased in the medium risk group, and 3.5% decreased in the low risk group, while 25.0% increased in the normal group. CONCLUSION: The comprehensive individual counseling including simple screening, tailored education and counseling is effective to manage their lifestyle risk factors, resulting in better maintenance of their health as well as preventing cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Cholesterol ; Counseling* ; Education ; Korea ; Life Style ; Mass Screening ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to understand the subjective symptom rate of musculoskeletal disease of male taxi drivers and comprehend general features, health behavior features, and factors related to the subjective symptoms of musculoskeletal system depending on the level of job stress. METHODS: The participants were 206 male taxi drivers from 4 transportation companies in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. The investigation was conducted from July 20th 2012 to August 20th 2012 through a self-administered questionnaire survey. RESULTS: The participants who exercised less than three times per week complained about the subjective symptoms of the musculoskeletal system (p=.016) 13.770 times as more as than those of the participants who exercised more than three times per week the participants who had a higher level of job stress complained about the subjective symptoms of the muscular skeletal (p=.011) 1.051times as more as than those who had a relatively lower level of job stress. CONCLUSION: This study recommends that it is necessary to provide exercise programs and arrange various plans reducing job stress to prevent muscular skeletal disease and minimize the disease susceptibility of taxi drivers.
Disease Susceptibility ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Musculoskeletal System ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Transportation

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to understand the subjective symptom rate of musculoskeletal disease of male taxi drivers and comprehend general features, health behavior features, and factors related to the subjective symptoms of musculoskeletal system depending on the level of job stress. METHODS: The participants were 206 male taxi drivers from 4 transportation companies in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. The investigation was conducted from July 20th 2012 to August 20th 2012 through a self-administered questionnaire survey. RESULTS: The participants who exercised less than three times per week complained about the subjective symptoms of the musculoskeletal system (p=.016) 13.770 times as more as than those of the participants who exercised more than three times per week the participants who had a higher level of job stress complained about the subjective symptoms of the muscular skeletal (p=.011) 1.051times as more as than those who had a relatively lower level of job stress. CONCLUSION: This study recommends that it is necessary to provide exercise programs and arrange various plans reducing job stress to prevent muscular skeletal disease and minimize the disease susceptibility of taxi drivers.
Disease Susceptibility ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Musculoskeletal System ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Transportation