Objective:To investigate the current status of fear of falling in postoperative cardiac surgery patients, and to analyze its influencing factors and interrelationships.Methods:A convenience sample of 246 postoperative cardiac surgery patients hospitalized in the Department of Cardiac Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, from December 2023 to December 2024 was surveyed. The Body Image Scale, the Personal Mastery Scale, the Fear of Falling Questionnaire-Revised, and a self-designed demographic and clinical questionnaire were used for data collection. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among body image, personal mastery, and fear of falling. PROCESS Model 4 was applied to test the mediating role of personal mastery between body image and fear of falling, with bootstrapping for verification.Results:A total of 246 questionnaires were distributed, and 236 valid responses were obtained (valid response rate: 95.93%) . The body image score was (14.02±6.36) , personal mastery score was (20.44±4.16) , and fear of falling score was (38.28±10.83) . Body image was positively correlated with fear of falling ( r=0.324, P<0.01) , while personal mastery was negatively correlated with fear of falling ( r=-0.552, P<0.01) . After controlling for variables with statistically significant differences in univariate analysis (including sex, age, education level, body mass index, history of syncope, pain level, and self-rated preoperative exercise capacity) , PROCESS analysis showed that body image had a direct positive effect on fear of falling ( β=0.288, P<0.05) , and also indirectly affected fear of falling through personal mastery, with the indirect effect accounting for 49.5% of the total effect (0.237/0.525) . Conclusions:Postoperative cardiac surgery patients require improvement in body image, personal mastery, and fear of falling. Understanding how body image influences fear of falling through personal mastery not only enriches theoretical frameworks but also provides guidance for psychological interventions in clinical practice, thereby meeting patients' psychological support needs during rehabilitation.

Objective:To investigate the current status of fear of falling in postoperative cardiac surgery patients, and to analyze its influencing factors and interrelationships.Methods:A convenience sample of 246 postoperative cardiac surgery patients hospitalized in the Department of Cardiac Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, from December 2023 to December 2024 was surveyed. The Body Image Scale, the Personal Mastery Scale, the Fear of Falling Questionnaire-Revised, and a self-designed demographic and clinical questionnaire were used for data collection. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among body image, personal mastery, and fear of falling. PROCESS Model 4 was applied to test the mediating role of personal mastery between body image and fear of falling, with bootstrapping for verification.Results:A total of 246 questionnaires were distributed, and 236 valid responses were obtained (valid response rate: 95.93%) . The body image score was (14.02±6.36) , personal mastery score was (20.44±4.16) , and fear of falling score was (38.28±10.83) . Body image was positively correlated with fear of falling ( r=0.324, P<0.01) , while personal mastery was negatively correlated with fear of falling ( r=-0.552, P<0.01) . After controlling for variables with statistically significant differences in univariate analysis (including sex, age, education level, body mass index, history of syncope, pain level, and self-rated preoperative exercise capacity) , PROCESS analysis showed that body image had a direct positive effect on fear of falling ( β=0.288, P<0.05) , and also indirectly affected fear of falling through personal mastery, with the indirect effect accounting for 49.5% of the total effect (0.237/0.525) . Conclusions:Postoperative cardiac surgery patients require improvement in body image, personal mastery, and fear of falling. Understanding how body image influences fear of falling through personal mastery not only enriches theoretical frameworks but also provides guidance for psychological interventions in clinical practice, thereby meeting patients' psychological support needs during rehabilitation.

Objective:To develop a Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Using the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) framework, scale items were initially constructed through literature review, expert consultation, and a pilot survey. Totally 277 hospitalized cardiovascular patients from the cardiovascular surgery and cardiology departments of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University were recruited by convenience sampling from September to November 2023 to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Results:A total of 277 questionnaires were distributed, with 254 valid responses, with a response rate of 91.70%. Exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis and varimax rotation extracted four factors in each dimension (knowledge, attitude, and practice) , explaining 66.506%, 67.847%, and 69.241% of the variance, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a stable and reliable factor structure. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.829, with Cronbach's α coefficients for the knowledge, attitude, and practice dimensions of 0.697, 0.756, and 0.726, respectively. The finalized KAP Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease comprised 3 dimensions, 12 factors, and 32 items.Conclusions:KAP Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease demonstrated good reliability, validity, and feasibility, making it a suitable tool for clinical nursing practice to better prevent fall incidents in hospitalized aged patients with cardiovascular disease.

Objective:To develop a Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Using the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) framework, scale items were initially constructed through literature review, expert consultation, and a pilot survey. Totally 277 hospitalized cardiovascular patients from the cardiovascular surgery and cardiology departments of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University were recruited by convenience sampling from September to November 2023 to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Results:A total of 277 questionnaires were distributed, with 254 valid responses, with a response rate of 91.70%. Exploratory factor analysis using principal component analysis and varimax rotation extracted four factors in each dimension (knowledge, attitude, and practice) , explaining 66.506%, 67.847%, and 69.241% of the variance, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a stable and reliable factor structure. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.829, with Cronbach's α coefficients for the knowledge, attitude, and practice dimensions of 0.697, 0.756, and 0.726, respectively. The finalized KAP Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease comprised 3 dimensions, 12 factors, and 32 items.Conclusions:KAP Scale for Fall Prevention in Hospitalized Aged Patients with Cardiovascular Disease demonstrated good reliability, validity, and feasibility, making it a suitable tool for clinical nursing practice to better prevent fall incidents in hospitalized aged patients with cardiovascular disease.