Objective To explore the value of proton density fat fraction(PDFF)and R2* based on iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation quantification(IDEAL-IQ)sequence in the assessment of vertebral fat and trabecular structure in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.Methods A total of 85 postmenopausal women who underwent abdominal CT scans were selected and divided into three groups using quantitative computed tomography(QCT):osteoporosis group(30 cases),osteopenia group(29 cases),and normal bone mass group(26 cases).MRI examinations were performed within 2 weeks,the sequences including lumbar sagittal IDEAL-IQ and T2* mapping.The images were uploaded to the post-processing workstation,and the mean PDFF,IDEAL-R2* and gradient echo(GRE)-R2* were calculated for the L1-L5 vertebral body.One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences between the parameters among the three groups,and Spearman was used to compare the correlations between PDFF and bone mineral density(BMD),R2* value,as well as BMD and R2* value.The Bland-Altman plot was drawn to evaluate the consistency of IDEAL-R2* and GRE-R2*,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to further evaluate the diagnostic performance of PDFF and R2* values for osteoporosis and osteopenia.Results There were significant differences in PDFF and BMD values among normal bone mass group,osteopenia group and osteoporosis group(P＜0.05),and R2* values were reduced in the osteoporosis group compared to the normal bone mass group(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that PDFF was negatively correlated with BMD(r=-0.558,P＜0.05),negatively correlated with R2*[r=-0.250(IDEAL),-0.354(GRE),both P＜0.05],and positively correlated with BMD and R2*[r=0.351(IDEAL),0.457(GRE),both P＜0.05].The Bland-Altman plots showed that the mean value of the difference between IDEAL-R2* and GRE-R2* was-4.5 Hz,and the results were highly consistent.ROC curves showed no significant difference in the diagnostic efficacy of IDEAL-R2* and GRE-R2* in the assessment of osteoporosis and osteopenia(Z=0.526,1.327,P=0.599,0.185),but the diagnostic efficacy of both was lower than PDFF[area under the curve(AUC)=0.846(osteoporosis),0.684(oseopenia)].Conclusion IDEAL-IQ sequence-derived PDFF and R2* values are effective biological indicators for one-stop assessment of vertebral fat and microscopic trabecular structure in osteoporosis,which have certain clinical value.

Objective To explore the value of proton density fat fraction(PDFF)and R2* based on iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation quantification(IDEAL-IQ)sequence in the assessment of vertebral fat and trabecular structure in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.Methods A total of 85 postmenopausal women who underwent abdominal CT scans were selected and divided into three groups using quantitative computed tomography(QCT):osteoporosis group(30 cases),osteopenia group(29 cases),and normal bone mass group(26 cases).MRI examinations were performed within 2 weeks,the sequences including lumbar sagittal IDEAL-IQ and T2* mapping.The images were uploaded to the post-processing workstation,and the mean PDFF,IDEAL-R2* and gradient echo(GRE)-R2* were calculated for the L1-L5 vertebral body.One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences between the parameters among the three groups,and Spearman was used to compare the correlations between PDFF and bone mineral density(BMD),R2* value,as well as BMD and R2* value.The Bland-Altman plot was drawn to evaluate the consistency of IDEAL-R2* and GRE-R2*,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to further evaluate the diagnostic performance of PDFF and R2* values for osteoporosis and osteopenia.Results There were significant differences in PDFF and BMD values among normal bone mass group,osteopenia group and osteoporosis group(P＜0.05),and R2* values were reduced in the osteoporosis group compared to the normal bone mass group(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that PDFF was negatively correlated with BMD(r=-0.558,P＜0.05),negatively correlated with R2*[r=-0.250(IDEAL),-0.354(GRE),both P＜0.05],and positively correlated with BMD and R2*[r=0.351(IDEAL),0.457(GRE),both P＜0.05].The Bland-Altman plots showed that the mean value of the difference between IDEAL-R2* and GRE-R2* was-4.5 Hz,and the results were highly consistent.ROC curves showed no significant difference in the diagnostic efficacy of IDEAL-R2* and GRE-R2* in the assessment of osteoporosis and osteopenia(Z=0.526,1.327,P=0.599,0.185),but the diagnostic efficacy of both was lower than PDFF[area under the curve(AUC)=0.846(osteoporosis),0.684(oseopenia)].Conclusion IDEAL-IQ sequence-derived PDFF and R2* values are effective biological indicators for one-stop assessment of vertebral fat and microscopic trabecular structure in osteoporosis,which have certain clinical value.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

Background:To compare the efficacy and safety of monthly administrations of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists LY01005 and Zoladex ? in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer. Methods:From October 2020 to November 2021, 188 premenopausal breast cancer patients were enrolled in 34 hospitals and randomized 1:1 to receive either LY01005 or Zoladex ? every 28 days for a total of three injections. All patients concomitantly received oral tamoxifen (TAM). The primary efficacy endpoint was cumulative probability of maintaining menopausal level [oestradiol (E2) ≤30 pg/ml] from day 29 to day 85. The second efficacy endpoint included changes in E2, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared with the baseline. Pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety were analyzed. The study also evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of LY01005. Results:A total of 188 patients were randomised and 187 patients received either LY01005 or Zoladex ?. Cumulative probabilities of maintaining menopausal level (E2≤30 pg/ml) from day 29 to day 85 were 93.1% for LY01005 and 86.3% for Zoladex ?. The between-group difference was 6.8% (95% CI: -2.3%, 15.9%) and primary efficacy in the LY01005 group was not inferior to that in the Zoladex ? group. Changes in E2, LH, and FSH levels compared with the baseline were equivalent between the two groups (E2: 89.34% to 90.23% vs. 82.11% to 85.02%; LH: 88.89% to 95.52% vs. 89.70% to 97.02%; FSH: 75.36% to 80.85% vs.73.07% to 80.24%, respectively). After three consecutive doses of LY01005, the LH and FSH levels of the subjects showed a transient increase after the first dose, reached a peak on the second day and then started to decrease. The LH and FSH reached a lower level and remained at or below that level until the 85th day. Both treatments were well-tolerated. Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as Zoladex ? in suppressing E2 to menopausal levels in Chinese patients with premenopausal breast cancer, with a similar safety profile.

Objective To investigate the effects of indirubatin derivative E804 on proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)A549 cells,and to elucidate the possible mechanism of Nrf2-HO-1/GPX4 pathway.Methods Lung cancer A549 cells were used as the cell model.The proliferation and migration of differ-ent specific inhibitors(Nec-1,CQ,Z-VAD,DFO,Fer-1 and Lip-1)in 0,10 μmol/L E804 and 10 μmol/L E804+groups were observed by MTT and cell scratch assay.The contents of reactive oxygen species(ROS)were de-tected by DCFH-DA fluorescence probe method,the contents of Fe2+were detected by colorimetric method,the contents of reduced glutathione(GSH)were detected by spectrophotometry,and the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected by micromethod.The expression levels of SLC7A11,Transferrin,GPX4,SLC40A1,Nrf2 and HO-1 were detected by Western blot in cells of 0,2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L E804 groups.Results Compared with the control group(0 μmol/L E804),2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L E804 significantly increased intracellular ROS,Fe2+and MDA levels,and decreased intracellular GSH content(P＜0.01).Meanwhile,the expression levels of SLC7A11,GPX4,SLC40A1,Nrf2 and HO-1 significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and the expression level of Transferrin increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the 10 μmol/L E804 group alone,the apoptosis inhibitor(Z-VAD)group and the ferroptosis inhibitor(DFO,Fer-1 and Lip-1)group could significantly reverse the inhibition of proliferation and migration of A549 cells by 10 μmol/L E804(P＜0.01).Conclution E804 can induce ferrop-tosis and inhibit the proliferation and migration of A549 cells,which may be related to the inhibition of Nrf2-HO-1/GPX4 pathway.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in hearing-impaired children.Methods:From March to April 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 33 hearing-impaired children from a special education school in Meizhou City, Guangdong Province, and 35 normal-hearing children from two ordinary schools as participants. Inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility of the participants were assessed by the Flanker task and the dimensional change card sorting (DCCS) task. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software, and independent sample t-test was used to compare the differences in reaction time and accuracy rate between two groups of participants. Results:There were no significant differences in the Flanker task reaction time ((558.39±123.65) ms vs (566.11±118.20) ms) and accuracy rate((0.93±0.10) vs (0.96±0.04))between hearing-impaired children and normal-hearing children ( t=-0.295, -1.645, both P>0.05). The hearing-impaired children had significantly longer reaction time ((1 019.60±131.08) ms)than the normal-hearing children ((857.85±129.19) ms) ( t=4.046, P=0.001) in the DCCS task, while there was no statistically significant difference in the accuracy rate between hearing-impaired children (0.62±0.16) and normal-hearing children (0.57±0.15) ( t=-1.602, P>0.05). Conclusion:There is no difference in inhibitory control ability between hearing-impaired children and normal-hearing children, but the hearing-impaired children have a lag in cognitive flexibility.

We describe a case of fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma detected by ultrasound at 14 gestational weeks. The tumor was classified as "type Ⅰ" by ultrasonography combined with MRI. The cystic part accounted for over 60% of the mass before 26 weeks and ruptured spontaneously at 28 weeks. The size of the tumor was 12.8 cm×9.7 cm×12.3 cm at 36 +5 gestational weeks. A female newborn was born through cesarean section at 37 weeks of gestation and had the tumor removed surgically on the postnatal day 4. Postoperative follow-up showed that the neonate had a good prognosis without physiological dysfunction.

We describe a rare case of fetal mediastinal capillary hemangioma presenting as pleural effusion and a huge pleural occupying lesion during late pregnancy. The patient was admitted at 36 +3 weeks of gestation, with a fetal chest occupying lesion for 11 days. Routine prenatal ultrasound and MRI indicated right pleural effusion and a huge chest occupying lesion in the fetus. The woman was administered oxytocin and delivered a live baby boy at 36 +5 weeks of gestation. The baby was diagnosed as mediastinal hemangioma by postnatal CT, angiography and 3D reconstruction and was discharged after oral propranolol treatment. However, he was readmitted one month after birth due to "pneumonia and tachypnea". After multidisciplinary consultation, the baby underwent a right-side thoracic mediastinal mass resection, and a mediastinal capillary hemangioma was confirmed by pathology. The child continued taking propranolol orally and received regular follow-up and rehabilitation after the operation up to 7 months old, by which time no obvious abnormalities were found.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic aseptic inflammatory disease characterised by synovial inflammation leading to progressive joint involvement with joint swelling,tenderness,and functional impairment.After therapeutics,some patients still have persistent synovitis and structural damage while they are in clinical remission.Musculoskeletal ultrasonography (MSUS) is playing a more important role in diagnose,therapy monitoring and prognosis of RA in the case of its character-non-invasive,easy to accept,cost-effective,and repeatable examination in the short term,especially multiangle of all aspects in the interesting area.Application of grey scale ultrasonography,power doppler ultrasonography,CEUS in RA clinical remission and evaluation on the therapeutic effect and prognosis were reviewed in this article.

Radiation-induced xerostomia is the common radiotherapy-related complication of nasopharyngeal cancer and other head and neck cancers.The cause is that the radioactive rays damage salivary gland acini,ducts,blood vessels and nerves at different levels,resulting in dry mouth,mucositis,sialadenitis,and even dysphagia,trismus and other symptoms.In addition,radiation-induced xerostomia has a close relation to the radiation effect on the genes.Reasonable application of cytoprotective agents and sialagogues is the main treatment means.Chinese medicine also plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia in recent years.