The posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies blood to the lateral wall of the sinus and the overlying membrane. It is located in the lateroposterior wall of the maxillary sinus and is almost intra-osseous, making surgeries there challenging for the risk of injury during routine endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Indeed, there is approximately 20% risk of damage in situations such as Le Fort I fracture surgery, maxillary sinus expansion, removal of lesions and inflammation in the maxillary sinus, surgical procedures involving orthognathic surgery and dental implant treatment, as well as in occurrences of fractures and fenestration during surgery, potentially leading to significant bleeding. We present a rare case of facial hematoma due to PASS injury following ESS, with subsequent improvement and no additional complications after treatment.

The posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies blood to the lateral wall of the sinus and the overlying membrane. It is located in the lateroposterior wall of the maxillary sinus and is almost intra-osseous, making surgeries there challenging for the risk of injury during routine endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Indeed, there is approximately 20% risk of damage in situations such as Le Fort I fracture surgery, maxillary sinus expansion, removal of lesions and inflammation in the maxillary sinus, surgical procedures involving orthognathic surgery and dental implant treatment, as well as in occurrences of fractures and fenestration during surgery, potentially leading to significant bleeding. We present a rare case of facial hematoma due to PASS injury following ESS, with subsequent improvement and no additional complications after treatment.

The posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies blood to the lateral wall of the sinus and the overlying membrane. It is located in the lateroposterior wall of the maxillary sinus and is almost intra-osseous, making surgeries there challenging for the risk of injury during routine endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Indeed, there is approximately 20% risk of damage in situations such as Le Fort I fracture surgery, maxillary sinus expansion, removal of lesions and inflammation in the maxillary sinus, surgical procedures involving orthognathic surgery and dental implant treatment, as well as in occurrences of fractures and fenestration during surgery, potentially leading to significant bleeding. We present a rare case of facial hematoma due to PASS injury following ESS, with subsequent improvement and no additional complications after treatment.

An ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is rare. Common factors leading to ilio-iliac AVF include congenital malformations, iatrogeny, and trauma. There is limited documentation in the literature of cases involving ilio-iliac AVF with May-Thurner syndrome. Here, we present a case of an ilio-iliac AVF with May-Thurner syndrome in an 80-year-old male. CT and angiography confirmed extensive ilio-iliac AVF. Successful endovascular procedures for ilio-iliac AVF were performed using several variablesized coils and 1400–2000 µm gelatin particles. After embolization, follow-up abdominopelvic CT revealed an improvement in edema in the left leg.

An ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is rare. Common factors leading to ilio-iliac AVF include congenital malformations, iatrogeny, and trauma. There is limited documentation in the literature of cases involving ilio-iliac AVF with May-Thurner syndrome. Here, we present a case of an ilio-iliac AVF with May-Thurner syndrome in an 80-year-old male. CT and angiography confirmed extensive ilio-iliac AVF. Successful endovascular procedures for ilio-iliac AVF were performed using several variablesized coils and 1400–2000 µm gelatin particles. After embolization, follow-up abdominopelvic CT revealed an improvement in edema in the left leg.

The posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies blood to the lateral wall of the sinus and the overlying membrane. It is located in the lateroposterior wall of the maxillary sinus and is almost intra-osseous, making surgeries there challenging for the risk of injury during routine endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Indeed, there is approximately 20% risk of damage in situations such as Le Fort I fracture surgery, maxillary sinus expansion, removal of lesions and inflammation in the maxillary sinus, surgical procedures involving orthognathic surgery and dental implant treatment, as well as in occurrences of fractures and fenestration during surgery, potentially leading to significant bleeding. We present a rare case of facial hematoma due to PASS injury following ESS, with subsequent improvement and no additional complications after treatment.

An ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is rare. Common factors leading to ilio-iliac AVF include congenital malformations, iatrogeny, and trauma. There is limited documentation in the literature of cases involving ilio-iliac AVF with May-Thurner syndrome. Here, we present a case of an ilio-iliac AVF with May-Thurner syndrome in an 80-year-old male. CT and angiography confirmed extensive ilio-iliac AVF. Successful endovascular procedures for ilio-iliac AVF were performed using several variablesized coils and 1400–2000 µm gelatin particles. After embolization, follow-up abdominopelvic CT revealed an improvement in edema in the left leg.

The posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is a branch of the maxillary artery that supplies blood to the lateral wall of the sinus and the overlying membrane. It is located in the lateroposterior wall of the maxillary sinus and is almost intra-osseous, making surgeries there challenging for the risk of injury during routine endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Indeed, there is approximately 20% risk of damage in situations such as Le Fort I fracture surgery, maxillary sinus expansion, removal of lesions and inflammation in the maxillary sinus, surgical procedures involving orthognathic surgery and dental implant treatment, as well as in occurrences of fractures and fenestration during surgery, potentially leading to significant bleeding. We present a rare case of facial hematoma due to PASS injury following ESS, with subsequent improvement and no additional complications after treatment.

Background: s/Aims: Reported incidence of extrahepatic bile duct cancer is higher in Asians than in Western populations. Korea, in particular, is one of the countries with the highest incidence rates of extrahepatic bile duct cancer in the world. Although research and innovative therapeutic modalities for extrahepatic bile duct cancer are emerging, clinical guidelines are currently unavailable in Korea. The Korean Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery in collaboration with related societies (Korean Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery Society, Korean Society of Abdominal Radiology, Korean Society of Medical Oncology, Korean Society of Radiation Oncology, Korean Society of Pathologists, and Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine) decided to establish clinical guideline for extrahepatic bile duct cancer in June 2021. Methods: Contents of the guidelines were developed through subgroup meetings for each key question and a preliminary draft was finalized through a Clinical Guidelines Committee workshop. Results: In November 2021, the finalized draft was presented for public scrutiny during a formal hearing. Conclusions The extrahepatic guideline committee believed that this guideline could be helpful in the treatment of patients.