AIM To study the chemical constituents from the petroleum ether fraction of the roots of Gypsophila licentiana Hand.-Mazz.METHODS Silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC were used for isolation and purification,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as dibutyl phthalate(1),glyceryl arachidate(2),bis(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate(3),9,12-octadecadienoic acid(Z,Z)-methyl ester(4),(3'S,4'S)-3'-acetoxy-4'-angeloyloxy-3',4'-dihydroseselin(5),3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid(6),bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(7),2,2'-oxybis(1,4)-di-tert-butylbenzene(8),gypsogenin(9),3-keto,16α-hydroxy,24-noroleanolic acid(10),3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid(11),10-eicosenoic acid(12),hexacosanic acid(13),enniatin B(14),(R,Z)-21-methyl-8-pentatriacontene(15),ethyl gallate(16),stellarine A(17),pentacosane(18).CONCLUSION All compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the petroleum ether fraction of the roots of Gypsophila licentiana Hand.-Mazz.METHODS Silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC were used for isolation and purification,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as dibutyl phthalate(1),glyceryl arachidate(2),bis(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate(3),9,12-octadecadienoic acid(Z,Z)-methyl ester(4),(3'S,4'S)-3'-acetoxy-4'-angeloyloxy-3',4'-dihydroseselin(5),3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid(6),bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(7),2,2'-oxybis(1,4)-di-tert-butylbenzene(8),gypsogenin(9),3-keto,16α-hydroxy,24-noroleanolic acid(10),3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid(11),10-eicosenoic acid(12),hexacosanic acid(13),enniatin B(14),(R,Z)-21-methyl-8-pentatriacontene(15),ethyl gallate(16),stellarine A(17),pentacosane(18).CONCLUSION All compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.

OBJECTIVE: Despite the combination of Scutellaria barbata D. Don and Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J. Wang (SB-SD) being a recognized Chinese medicinal herbal pair that is commonly used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, there is a poor understanding of their pharmacological mechanisms. This study examines the antitumor properties and potential mechanisms of SB-SD on human ovarian cancer A2780 cells through a multi-omics approach, establishing a pharmacological basis for clinical utilization. METHODS: A range of mass ratios and reagents were used in the hot reflux extraction of SB-SD. The inhibitory effect of the SB-SD extracts on A2780 cell proliferation was assessed using the cell-counting kit 8 assay. A zebrafish tumor implantation model was used to evaluate the effects of SB-SD extracts on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Transcriptomics and proteomics were used to investigate alterations in biological pathways in A2780 cells after treatment with different concentrations of SB-SD extract. Cell cycle, cell apoptosis, intracellular free iron concentration, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were utilized to investigate the effects of heme catabolism and ferritinophagy on ferroptosis induced by SB-SD extract in A2780 cells. RESULTS: The 70% ethanol extract of SB-SD (a mass ratio of 4:1) inhibited A2780 cell proliferation significantly with a half maximal inhibitory concentration of 660 μg/mL in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, it effectively suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in a zebrafish tumor implantation model. SB-SD extract induced the accumulation of free iron, ROS, MDA, and mitochondrial damage in A2780 cells. The mechanisms might involve the upregulated expression of ferritinophagy-related genes microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, autophagy-related gene 5, and nuclear receptor coactivator 4. CONCLUSION SB-SD extract effectively inhibited the development of ovarian cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Its mechanism of action involved inducing ferroptosis by facilitating heme catabolism and ferritinophagy. This herbal pair holds promise as a potential therapeutic option for ovarian cancer treatment and may be utilized in combination with routine treatment to improve the treatment outcomes of ovarian cancer patients. Please cite this article as: Wang Z, Liu M, Li GX, Zhang L, Ding KY, Li SQ, Gao BQ, Chen P, Choe HC, Xia LY, Yang YT, Liu Y, Sui X, Ma JN, Zhang L. A herbal pair of Scutellaria barbata D. Don and Scleromitrion diffusum (Willd.) R.J. Wang induced ferroptosis in ovarian cancer A2780 cells via inducing heme catabolism and ferritinophagy. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(6): 666-683.
Ferroptosis/drug effects* ; Female ; Humans ; Animals ; Scutellaria/chemistry* ; Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics* ; Zebrafish ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Ferritins/genetics* ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology* ; Heme/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology* ; Autophagy/drug effects* ; Apoptosis/drug effects*

Objective To establish antemortem and postmortem injury models in nude mice,observe the morphological changes of the wounds and the changes of the microbial communities in the wounds at different time points after the injury,and analyze the differences between antemortem and postmor-tem wounds.Methods Abdominal injury models were established in 48 BALB/c nude mice,which were classified into antemortem injury,4 h and 72 h postmortem injury groups,and the gross manifesta-tions and histopathological changes were observed on days 1,3,5,8,11 and 15 after injury.The mi-crobial communities in the wounds were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing technology.QIIME 2 soft-ware was used to calculate Shannon and Observed species indices.The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine statistical differences in α-diversity between groups.Jaccard similarity coefficients were calculated by using R v4.3.0 software and applied to the principal co-ordinates analysis to demonstrate inter-sample differences.Permutational multivariate analysis of variance(PERMANOVA)was used to analyze the differences between groups in the composition of bacterial colonies,and R2 values were calculated.Results On days 8,11 and 15 after injury,the antemortem and postmortem injuries could not be differentiated by morphological examination;the Shannon index and Observed species index were statistically different between the antemortem injury group and the 72 h postmortem injury group;the Jaccard similarity coefficient of the microbial community was statistically different between the an-temortem injury group and the 72 h postmortem injury group.The PERMANOVA R2 value gradually increased with the extension of time(0.22-0.61).Conclusion Through the analysis of the wound mi-crobial community,the microbial composition of wounds at different time points can be identified and compared,which provides a new perspective and method for the differentiation of antemortem injuries from postmortem injuries,with good application prospects.

The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, MCI, Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the compounds were determined by NMR and MS spectroscopic data. Twenty monomer compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Lindera reflexa root from Hunan province, and identified as: (1″S,3″S,6″R)-2′,4′,6′-trihydroxy-3′-[1″-(3″-hydroxy)-p-menthanyl]-chalcone (1), sumadain D (2), quercetin (3), catechin (4), epicatechin (5), N-cis-feruloyltyramine (6), N-trans-feruloyltyramine (7), N-trans-feruloyl-3-methoxytyramine (8), flavifloramides B (9), northalifoline (10), isolariciresinol (11), syringaresinol (12), pinoresinol (13), medioresinol (14), dehydroconiferyl alcohol (15), 4-methoxyl-denudaquinol (16), miliusanal (17), syringic acid (18), abscisic acid (19), (E)-cinnamyl-(E)-cinnamate (20). Compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 2‒20 have been isolated from Lindera reflexa for the first time. The results showed that compounds 1, 2, 3 and 16 could significantly reduce the survival ability of MGC-803 cells with IC₅₀ values of 5.58, 23.41, 25.72 and 20.96 μmol·L^-1, respectively. Compounds 5 and 20 can reduce the survival ability of MGC-803 cells with IC₅₀ values of 98.83 and 89.26 μmol·L^-1, respectively.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and pregnancy outcomes of CO2 laser and loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP)surgery in the treatment of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)in women of childbearing age.Methods Patients with cervical HSIL of appropriate reproductive age(20-34 years old)who underwent satisfied colposcope,subsequently treated with laser or LEEP between Jan 2019 and Dec 2021 in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University were collected.All the patients were interpreted as transformation zone(TZ)type 1/2,and colposcopy biopsy diagnosed as cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)and received laser or LEEP according to the physician's advice and the patient's wishes.The effectiveness of the two surgeries was evaluated,and postoperative cytology,HPV result,and colposcopic pathology were compared.We monitored the surgical pregnancy rate,pregnancy complications,and pregnancy results after the surgery.Results A total of 566 cases,including 233 laser cases and 333 LEEP cases,were enrolled.There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of preoperative cytology,HPV distribution,or the length of cervical canal.After 6 months of surgery,91.5%of patients who underwent laser therapy and 86.9%of those who underwent LEEP had normal cytology.The histology cure rate was 91.5%and the HPV conversion rate was 74.6%in both groups.The results of cytology,HPV,and colposcopic pathology had no significant difference between the two groups.The length of postoperative cervical canal was significantly longer in laser group than that in LEEP group[(29.09±3.15)mm vs.(27.05±3.84)mm,P<0.001].There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative pregnancy rate and pregnancy outcome between the two groups.Conclusion Laser ablation and LEEP produce comparable effects pregnancy outcomes in cervical HSIL patients with TZ types 1 and 2,while LEEP has pathologic feedback,so its misdiagnosis of invasive cancer reduce.

Objective To explore the safety and management mode of hysteroscopy in three different modes:outpatient,daily and inpatient.Methods The quality control data of patients who underwent hysteroscopic surgery in Hysterscopy Centre,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University from Jan 2019 to Dec 2021 were collected through the electronic information system of the hospital and the monthly quality control report of hysteroscopy center.The amount of surgery,the proportion of grade Ⅳsurgery,the analysis of operation types,the indicator including complications,and unanticipated secondary surgery were retrospectively analyzed.Results From 2019 to 2021,5 162 outpatient hysteroscopic patients,15 331 daily hysteroscopic patients and 5 942 inpatient hysteroscopic patients were admitted in our hospital.The age of inpatient hysteroscopic patients was significantly older than those of outpatient and daily patients(P<0.001).In the past three years,the proportion of daily hysteroscopy gradually increased,and the proportion of inpatient hysteroscopy gradually decreased(P<0.001).The total percentage of grade Ⅳ hysteroscopic surgery was 12.9%,in which inpatient was higher than daily,and daily was higher than outpatient(P<0.001).The incidence of complications and accidents during hysteroscopy was 0.117%(31/26 435),including 17 cases of uterine perforation,7 cases of hysteroscopy failure,3 cases of excessive intraoperative bleeding,2 cases of fluid overload,1 case of intestinal injury,and 1 case of anesthesia accident.The incidence of hysteroscopy in outpatient,daily and inpatient were 0.020%(1/5 162),0.137%(21/15 331)and 0.151%(9/5 942)respectively.Conclusion Hysteroscopy in outpatient,daily and inpatient are all safe and reliable.Outpatient and daily hysteroscopy can improve the efficiency of medical services,which has gradually become a trend.

Objective To explore the clinical value of vaginoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of uterine cavity diseases in virgins.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of 450 patients who underwent vaginoscopy and traditional hysteroscopy in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University from Jan 2020 to Dec 2023,including vaginoscopy group(n=232)and traditional hysteroscopy group(n=218).The average ages of the two groups were 24.9±4.7 years and 25.5±5.4 years,and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The operation time,estimated blood loss,fluid deficit,false passage,surgical failure,incidence of complications and postoperative pain score were compared between vaginoscopy group and traditional hysteroscopy group.Results Compared with the traditional hysteroscopy group,the average operation time in the vaginoscopy group was shorter,the fluid deficit was less,and the VAS pain score was lower,but the rate of surgical failure was higher(7.8%vs.0),all the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of complications,the incidence of false passage in the vaginoscopy group was less(0 vs.3.2%)and the rate of hymen injury was lower(0 vs.85.3%),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the estimated blood loss between the two groups,and the incidence of postoperative infection was similar in both groups.There were no complications such as uterine perforation and air embolism in both groups.Conclusion Vaginoscopy is safe and effective,more minimally invasive than traditional hysteroscopy,does not damage the hymen,and is suitable for virgins.This technology is worthy of clinical application.

Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the large polar fraction of the roots of Lindera reflexa Hemsl.and their antitumor activities.METHODS The large polar fraction from the roots of L.reflexa was isolated and purified by silica gel column,Sephadex LH-20 gel column,semi-preparative HPLC and ODS medium pressure column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antitumor activities were determined by MTT method.RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenol-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),syringin(3),1-O-3,4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyphenyl-(6-O-3,5-dimethoxygalloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),p-cymen-7-yl β-D-glucopyranoside(5),pisumionoside(6),staphylionoside D(7),dendranthemoside B(8),lynoiside(9),nudiposide(10),icariside B1(11),(2S)-pinocembrin-7-O-(6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)(12),(+)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)-N-norboldine(13).Compounds 3 and 13 showed obvious cytotoxicity against human lung cancer cells(A549)and human gastric cancer cells(MGC80-3).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-13 are isolated from the roots of L.reflexa for the first time.Compounds 3 and 13 have good anti-tumor activities.