To rapidly and accurately detect Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis(MAP),this study designed and screened primers and probes using its specific gene F57 as the detection target,established a recombinant enzyme-mediated isothermal amplification(RAA)fluorescence detection method,and applied this method to detect 116 clinical samples from cattle and sheep.The results showed that using the primer and probe combination B12F/B2R(0.4 μmol/L)+Probe B(0.12 μmol/L),MAP could be detected at a constant temperature of 42 ℃ within 20 min;this de-tection method had no cross-reaction with 11 common pathogens such as Escherichia coli,Clos-tridium,and bovine viral diarrhea in sheep and cattle;the lowest detection limit was 1.0×102 cop-ies/μL;the coefficient of variation was 3.77％—5.29％;24 clinical samples were positive,with a co-incidence rate of 88.89％with GBT27637-2011.In summary,this study established a fluorescent RAA detection method for MAP,which is simple,rapid,highly specific,sensitive,reproducible,and has a high coincidence rate with national standards,making it suitable for clinical detection and epi-demiological studies.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma polysaccharides on hyperlipidemia in mice by modulating the gut microbiota. MethodsNinety male C57BL/6J mice were randomized into the following groups （n=15）： control， model， simvastatin， low- （100 mg·kg^-1）， medium- （200 mg·kg^-1）， and high-dose （400 mg·kg^-1） Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma polysaccharides groups. Other groups except the control group were fed with a high-fat diet for the modeling of hyperlipidemia， and drug interventions lasted for 12 weeks. Serum levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer. The pathological changes in the liver and epididymal fat were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining， and lipid accumulation in the liver was assessed by oil red O staining. The gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group exhibited an increase in body weight （P<0.01）， along with marked elevations in serum levels of TC， TG， and LDL-C （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Furthermore， the model group showcased increase in the liver index and epididymal fat coefficient （P<0.05）， increased liver fat accumulation， enlargement of adipocytes in the epididymal fat， decreases in both alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota， and an increase in the relative abundance of Allobaculum （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma polysaccharides suppressed the increase in body weight （P<0.01）， lowered the serum levels of TC， TG， and LDL-C （P<0.05，P<0.01）， reduced the liver index and epididymal fat coefficient （P<0.05）， alleviated liver fat accumulation， and decreased the size of adipocytes in the epididymal fat. Furthermore， it enhanced the alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota in mice， reduced the relative abundance of Allobaculum， Erysipelotrichaceae， and Clostridium （P<0.01）， and increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Blautia （P<0.01）. ConclusionPolygonati Odorati Rhizoma polysaccharides can ameliorate hyperlipidemia induced by a high-fat diet in mice by regulating the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota.

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and trends of Yupingfeng Powder from 2000 to 2023; To provide reference for related research.Methods:The research literature related to Yupingfeng Powder was retrieved from CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data and SinoMed from January 1, 2000 to December 20, 2023. Excel 2022 software was used to analyze the annual number of publications. CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software was used for visualization analysis on the authors, research institutions and key words.Results:A total of 2 522 articles were included, and the number of published articles showed a fluctuating growth trend in recent years. The journal with the largest number of articles was New Chinese Medicine (55 articles). The authors with the most publications were Hong Min from Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (9 articles) and Zhang Zhonglin from Chengdu Medical College (9 articles). Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine (13 articles) had the largest number of publications. High-frequency keywords included allergic rhinitis, children, urticaria, recurrent respiratory tract infection, etc. The clustering analysis generated 11 labels. Conclusions:The research hotspots of Yupingfeng Powder focus on clinical application, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy, syndrome type research and pharmacological research. Predicting potential drug targets with the help of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology and exploring its mechanism are the research trends in this field.

To rapidly and accurately detect Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis(MAP),this study designed and screened primers and probes using its specific gene F57 as the detection target,established a recombinant enzyme-mediated isothermal amplification(RAA)fluorescence detection method,and applied this method to detect 116 clinical samples from cattle and sheep.The results showed that using the primer and probe combination B12F/B2R(0.4 μmol/L)+Probe B(0.12 μmol/L),MAP could be detected at a constant temperature of 42 ℃ within 20 min;this de-tection method had no cross-reaction with 11 common pathogens such as Escherichia coli,Clos-tridium,and bovine viral diarrhea in sheep and cattle;the lowest detection limit was 1.0×102 cop-ies/μL;the coefficient of variation was 3.77％—5.29％;24 clinical samples were positive,with a co-incidence rate of 88.89％with GBT27637-2011.In summary,this study established a fluorescent RAA detection method for MAP,which is simple,rapid,highly specific,sensitive,reproducible,and has a high coincidence rate with national standards,making it suitable for clinical detection and epi-demiological studies.

Objective To reform the teaching content of acupuncture and moxibustion for undergraduate of Nursing College and to evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching reform,so to provide constructive information for optimizing the curriculum.Methods To revise the teaching content of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)acu-puncture course based on the results of previous questionnaires,including reducing boring theoretical knowledge,increasing commonly used acupuncture techniques and clinical case analysis,organizing all undergraduates atten-ding the TCM teaching in the Nursing College of Peking Union Medical College to fill out the"Acupuncture Course Content Questionnaire"in 2023.The content covers four aspects:students'basic cognition of acupuncture and moxibustion before the course,students' learning feedback,students'learning effectiveness after the course and students' suggestions for further optimization of acupuncture and moxibustion course.Results Totally 149 students participated in the questionnaire survey and 73.15%of them were interested in the acupuncture course.There were 62.42%of the students thought that the most difficult part of the course was the"Acupuncture Points",and 71.81%of them complained the most constraining factor to the learning effectiveness was the diffi-culty of memorizing the meridians and acupoints.The most interesting part of the course was"Overview of Acu-puncture Treatment and Acupuncture Treatment of Common Diseases",which accounted for 44.3%of the students.Through the study,88.59%of the students were willing to recommend acupuncture treatment to pa-tients with indications.Students' suggestions for improvement of the acupuncture course was increase of classroom practice or learning by observation of operation videos.Conclusions The reformed acupuncture course highlights the practicability,improves the learning interest and subjective initiative,but the training of practice skill still needs to be strengthened.

The theory of "liver opens at the eyes" was first seen in Yellow Emperor's Internal Canon of Medicine， which is the ancient people's summary of the connection between the liver and the eyes. The theory of "liver opens at the eyes" suggests the characteristic of "co-damage and co-recover of liver and eyes". It has been found in clinical practice that liver diseases and eye diseases often occur together， and "liver and eyes co-recover" is an ideal choice. The key to achieving "liver and eyes co-recover" is to analyze its pharmacological material basis and mechanism. With the development of modern medicine， more and more evidence indicates that the liver and eyes have complex and close relationships in physiological and pathological aspects. In a pathological state， there is a phenomenon of "liver and eyes co-damage"， and after the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine， "liver and eyes co-recover" occurs. "Liver and eyes co-damage and co-recover" can be explained through the "co-material basis and co-action mechanism". On this basis， the research group tentatively proposed that the liver and eyes had "four common characteristics" （4CCs）， namely "co-damage， co-recover， co-material basis， and co-action mechanism" from the theoretical connotation of traditional Chinese medicine， clinical practice， and molecular biology. Additionally， the group also took the intervention of Prunella vulgaris， traditional Chinese medicine， for removing liver fire and improving eyesight on immune liver injury （ILI） and allergic conjunctivitis （AC） as examples to analyze 4CCs. This project aims to deeply analyze the scientific connotation of the theory of "liver opens at the eyes"， reveal the common characteristics and biological essence of liver and eyes， explore a new research paradigm of "liver and eyes co-recover"， and provide a reference for the study of common problems of multi-organ associated diseases.

Traditional Chinese medicine dispensing granules（TCMDGs）is the new type of decoction pieces with the development of modernization of TCM， which has received mixed opinions since its practical application. In 2021， the national departments issued Announcement on Ending the Pilot Work of TCMDGs， marking the end of the 28-year pilot work of TCMDGs， and eligible TCM enterprises can produce TCMDGs after filing. However， this does not mean that the preparation process， quality standard and efficacy research of TCMDGs have been developed and matured， on the contrary， there are still some problems that need to be solved and gradually improved. For example， in the production process， there are problems such as unclear， unified and non-standardized preparation parameters. In terms of quality control， there are some problems such as lack of producing area regulation， variety selection and processing specification. In terms of consistency evaluation with traditional decoction， there are problems such as unclear relationship between the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of the two. Therefore， in view of some prominent problems of TCMDGs at present， this paper takes the published literature as the main data source and combines the specific requirements of the code or technical standards such as the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia， Publicity of the Unified Standard on the Varieties of TCMDGs， Quality Control and Standard Formulation Technical Requirements of TCMDGs. The production process of TCMDGs， the origin and variety of raw materials， the processing of decoction pieces， the quality control standard and the consistency evaluation of formula granules and traditional decoction were sorted out and visualized by literature mining， data analysis and list comparison. Based on the analysis results， the following suggestions were made. In terms of preparation process， the completeness and standardization of process parameters should be strengthened. In terms of quality evaluation， attention should be paid to the relationship between the authenticity， variety， processing and quality of medicinal materials. In the consistency evaluation of formula granules and traditional decoction， the deep difference and mechanism between TCMDGs and traditional decoction were discussed by combining structural Chinese medicine， quality marker（Q-Marker） theory and physicochemical characterization， so as to provide reference for the application and development of TCMDGs.

OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effects and mechan ism of thalidomide on Alzheimer ’s disease （AD）model of Caenorhabditis elegans . METHODS In this study ，the BR 5270 strain of C. elegans was used as AD model and BR 5271 strain as the control. The effects of thalidomide （0.5，2.0，6.0，15.0 mg/mL）on the motility of BR 5270 strains of C. elegans were studied by the basal slowing response assay ；the effects of thalidomide （0.5，2.0，6.0，15.0 mg/mL）on the survival time of BR 5270 strain of C. elegans were studied by life assay ；the effects of thalidomide （0.5，2.0，6.0 mg/mL）on learning and memory ability of BR 5270 strain of C. elegans were studied by short-term and long-term learning and memory assay. RT-PCR technology was used to study the effects of thalidomide （0.5，2.0，6.0 mg/mL）on mRNA expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）signal pathway related genes （Age-1，Akt-1，Gsk-3）and calpain homologous gene （Clp-1）in BR 5270 strain of C. elegans . RESULTS After the intervention of thalidomide ，oscillation times of BR 5270 strain of C. elegans increased significantly within 30 s （except for 0.5 mg/mL group ），and the 10％ of maximum life span was prolonged significantly （only 0.5 mg/mL group ）；the short-term and long-term learning indexes were improved significantly （only 6.0 mg/mL group ）；mRNA expression of Age-1 and Akt-1（except for 0.5，2.0 mg/mL groups ）were increased significantly ，mRNA expression of Gsk-3（except for 0.5 mg/mL group ） and Clp-1 were decreased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Thalidomide can ameliorate the dyskinesia of AD model of C. elegans，prolong the lifespan of this strain ，and enhance its learning and memory ability. Its mechanism of action may be related to activation of PI 3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibition of calpain.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of anti interleukin(IL)-8 monoclonal antibodies on the growth and metastasis of cervical cancer. Methods Involved cervical cells included CaSki cells with high expression of IL-8 and SiHa cell lines with IL-8 plasmid transfected (pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa). Cervical cancer animal model was established on nude mice. Boyden method was used in vitro study to observe the effects of anti IL-8 antibodies on the chemotaxis of high-expressed IL-8 cervical cancer cells. The effect of anti IL-8 antibodies on the growth of cervical cancer cells and nude mice transplantation tumor was observed by the experiment in vivo through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), TUNEL method. Cell line (CaSki and pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa) modeled nude mice were divided into 5 groups with 5 animals in each group. The blank control group (group Ⅰ) was given the equal volume of phosphate buffer solution (PBS). Negative control group (group Ⅱ) was injected with IgG at the same volume of IgG. Treatment group (group Ⅲ) was injected with anti IL-8 antibodies at dose of 100 μg for once and intervals for once 2 days. Treatment group (group Ⅳ) was injected with anti IL-8 antibodies at dose of 500 μg for once and intervals for once 3 days. Treatment group (group V) was injected with anti IL-8 antibodies at dose of 1 000 μg for once and intervals for once 1 week.Results Experiments in vitro showed that the cell chemotaxis ability of anti IL-8 antibody in CaSki cells and pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa cells was lower than that in the blank control group(CaSki cells:F=289.6,P =0.000; pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa cells:F=79.0,P=0.005).GroupⅣwas taken as the example for its best anti-tumor effect in experiments in vivo. The tumor weight in groupⅣwas lower than that in groupⅠ[CaSki cells: (0.172±0.031) g vs. (0.735± 0.015) g, P＜ 0.05; pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa cells: (0.400±0.029) g vs. (1.430±0.199) g, P＜ 0.05]. The tumor volume in groupⅣwas less than that in groupⅠ[CaSki cells:(0.049±0.028)cm3vs.(0.214±0.016) cm3,P＜0.05;pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa cells:(0.063±0.022)cm3vs.(0.600±0.072)cm3,P＜0.05].The tumor growth curve also showed that tumor growth was slow, and the time of tumor formation as well as survival time was prolonged in anti IL-8 antibody treated group. The expression of mRNA in IL-8 in group IV was lower than that in group Ⅰ (CaSki cells: 0.58±0.06 vs. 1.15±0.13, P＜ 0.05; pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa cells: 0.69±0.08 vs. 1.16±0.13,P＜0.05).The protein expression of IL-8 in groupⅣwas lower than that in groupⅠ(CaSki cells:126±29 vs.411±112,P＜0.05;pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa cells:134±47 vs.327±69,P＜0.05).Apoptotic index in groupⅣwas higher than that in groupⅠ(CaSki cells:81.8±3.0 vs.26.0±5.6,P＜0.05;pcDNA3.1-IL-8-SiHa cells: 84.4±3.6 vs. 32.0±4.9, P＜0.05). Conclusion Anti IL-8 antibody can inhibit cell migration of human cervical cancer in vitro, inhibit growth and metastasis of transplantation tumor in vivo, and promote apoptosis and necrosis with a dose-dependent way in vivo.

Objective To explore the relationship between aryl hydrocar-bon receptor (AhR),aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT),estradiol (E2),estrogen receptor (ER) and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) through observing the level of serum AhR,ARNT,E2,and AhR,ARNT,ER in decidua and chorionic tissues of the patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.Methods 64 cases of RSA patients who induced abortion at the Shanxi Dayi hospital from May 2015 to September2017 were chosen as RSA group,and 30 cases of healthy abortion women of the same period who had born full-term normal fetus were choosen as the normal group.The serum,villi and decidua of each case were collected during abortion.The level of AhR,ARNT,ER of both groupswere detected by enzyme-linked immunoscrbent assay (ELISA) method.The Serum E2 lever were detected by the method of chemical luminescence.The data of all the patients were analyzed.Results (1) The level of ARNT in peripheral blood of RSA group was significantly higher than that of normal group (P ＜ 0.05),and the levels of AhR and E2 in peripheral blood were not statistically significant between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The levels of AhR and ARNT in villi and decidua were significantly higher in RSA group than in normal group (P ＜ 0.05),while the expression of ER in villi and decidua was significantly lower in RSA group than in normal group (P ＜ 0.05).(2) There was no significant difference in the ratio of AhR/ARNT between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05);the ratio of AhR/ER and ARNT/ER in the villi and decidua of the RSA group was higher than that of the normal group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Overexpression of AhR and ARNT and low expression of ER in villi and decidua tissues may be related to the occurrence of RSA.