Objective:To observe the effect of intravitreal injection of Conbercept with two different doses in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and explore the clinical feasibility of ROP treatment by lower dose conbercept.Methods:This was a prospective study. The premature infants were enrolled with pre-threshold type 1, threshold and acute aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP) from March 2018 to June 2019, who received fundus screening in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital. They were randomly divided into two groups. The group A (lower dose group) were received intravitreal injection of conbercept with 0.15 mg/0.015 ml, and those in group B (control group) were received intravitreal injection of conbercept with 0.25 mg/0.025 ml. We checked and recorded the lesion area, stage, scope (according to the clock range), additional lesion (plus), etc. Fundus examination should be performed with the pediatric wide-field fundus imaging system within 7 days after treatment. It was used to observe the plus disese, ridge, regression of neovascularization on ridge, and development of retinal vessels to serrated edge or scarring. The follow-up period was at least 24 weeks. The effect evaluation was divided into recovery, improvement, recurrence and aggravation.Results:The 43 ROP subjects (84 eyes) were enrolled including 21 cases (40 eyes) in group A and 22 (44 eyes) in group B. There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender ( χ2=1.169), birth age ( t=0.283), birth weight ( t=0.547), hospitalization days in NICU ( t=1.187), first examination time ( t=1.811), first injection time ( t=0.492), follow-up time ( t=0.899) and ROP condition ( χ2=0.854) ( P>0.05). In group A, 21 eyes (52.5%) were cured, 17 eyes (42.5%) were improved, 2 eyes (5.0%) were recurred, and no aggravating cases were found. In group B, 24 eyes (54.5%) were cured, 14 eyes (31.8%) were improved, 6 eyes (13.6%) were recurred, and no aggravating cases were found. There was no significant difference of the cure rate ( χ2=2.210, P>0.05) and effective (recovery and improvement) rate ( χ2=1.814, P=0.269) between two groups after the first injection. Conclusion:Intravitreal injection of conbercept with the two doses should be effective in the treatment of ROP.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and transmission chain of COVID-19 in two families, and to provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control measures.Methods:Field epidemiological investigation was conducted for the COVID-19 cases occurred in two families and the close contacts in a county of Baotou city in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Descriptive statistical analysis on epidemiological data was conducted.Results:The infection source of the COVID-19 cases in the two families was a man who had living history in Wuhan. After his return, his parents were infected by him. A few days later, the members of a neighbor family were found to be infected, and relatives of this family were also infected after dining together repeatedly. Finally, ten confirmed cases and three suspected cases of COVID-19 were detected in the two families.Conclusions:Human-to-human transmission of COVID-19 can occur not only in a family but also in neighborhoods. The cases in two families had close relationship, indicating the necessity to strengthen the health education about COVID-19 prevention and control and the management of groups at high risk to reduce the incidence of COVID-19 in families and neighborhoods.

Objective To observe the effect ofintravitreal injection ofconbercept in the treatment of retinopathy of premature (ROP) and to analyze the factors related to the therapy.Methods A retrospective study.A total of 57 patients (57 eyes) with pre-threshold type 1 (30 patients,30 eyes),threshold ROP (21 patients,21 eyes) and acute aggressive posterior ROP (APROP,6 patients,6 eyes)) from premature infants by retinal screening in Henan Provincial People's Hospital during October 2017 and June 2018 were enrolled in this study.All children were received routinely intravitreal injected 10 mg/ml conbercept 0.025 ml (0.25 mg) within 24 hours after diagnosis.Fundus examination was performed 7 days after injection.The interval of examination was 1-3 weeks according to fundus conditions.The mean follow-up was 30.1 ± 4.6 weeks.For patients with relapse or no response to treatment,repeated intravitreal injection of conbercept or laser photocoagulation therapy was given.The retinal blood vessels of the affected eyes were observed.Logistic stepwise regression analysis was used for the correlation test of multiple factors.Results Among 57 eyes,49eyes and 8 eyes were treated with 1 or 2 times of intravitreal injection of conbercept.After 24 weeks of treatment,in 57 eyes,26 eyes were cured (45.6％),22 eyes improved (38.6％),8 eyes relapsed (14.0％),and 1 eye aggravated (1.8％).The recurrence time was 12.9± 4.5 weeks after the first injection,and the corrected gestational age was 49.0±6.7 weeks.There were significant differences in initial injection time,lesion range among the cure,improved and recurrence eyes (F=5.124,7.122;P＜0.01,＜ 0.01).Parameters of ROP condition,including ROP diagnosis (pre-threshold type 1,threshold and APROP),zone (zone 1 and 2),stage (stage 2 and 3) and plus lesions,were significant different among the cure,improved and recurrence eyes (x2=l 1.784,14.100,6.896,9.935;P＜0.01,＜0.01,＜0.05,＜0.01).Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that the recurrence rate was correlated with ROP zone,more likely recurrence at zone 1 than zone 2 (Wald=9.879,OR=27.333,P=0.002).No injection-related complications such as endophthalmitis,cataract and glaucoma were found during treatment and follow-up period.Conclusions Intravitreal injection ofconbercept is effective in the treatment of ROP without obvious adverse reactions.Lesion zoning is associated with recurrence after treatment.

Objective To systematically evaluate the clinical effect and safety of repaglinide and metformin for treating diabetes mellitus (MD) of secondary failure of sulfonylurea (SFS).Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCT) at home and abroad on the comparison of effect and safety of repaglinide and metformin in treating MD with SFS were retrieved.The modified Jadad scale was employed to evaluate the literature quality.The RevMan5.3.1 software was used for conducting the meta analysis.Results A total of 10 RCT were included.The meta-analysis results showed that compared with metformin for treating MA with SFS,repaglinide decreased the fasting blood glucose effectively (MD=-2.30,95 ％ CI:-2.53--2.06,P＜0.01),increased the fasting C-peptide (MD=0.06,95％CI:0.02-0.11,P=0.01),reduced the postprandial 2 h blood glucose (MD=-2.17,95 ％CI:-2.44-1.89,P＜0.01) and decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (MD=-2.60,95％CI:-3.21--2.00,P＜0.01) as well as the adverse reactions (RR=0.05,95％CI:0.02-0.09,P＜0.01).However,there was no statistical difference in fasting insulin between the repaglinide and metformin groups (MD=0.18,95％CI:-0.18-0.54,P=0.32).Conclusion Currently evidences suggest that repaglinide is superior to metformin for treating MD with SFS.

Objective Through conducting the project of quality improvement for intrahospital transport of critically ill patients from ward to ICU,to establish graded management under early warning to improve transport efficiency and quality.Methods Through setting up project team,setting goals of quality improvement,measuring and analyzing transport status,the graded management under early warning was established from three aspects:condition,equipment and transport personnel.The graded management under early warning was applied to clinical nursing practice to evaluate the effects.Results There was no statistical difference before and after the implementation of graded management under early warning in gender,age and condition of critical ill patients between two groups,but the time of transport was significantly reduced after the implementation,while there was no equipment failure,and the incidence of adverse events associated with devices decreased effectively.Conclusion The establishment and application of graded management under early warning has effectively reduced the risks of transport,improved efficiency and quality of transport.

Objective To evaluate the use of transfer statements in inhouse transport of critical patients.Methods By means of continuous enrollment,123 critical patients were enrolled as a control group for conventional transport,and 111 such patients were enrolled as an observation group for transport using the transfer statement.Then the incidence of adverse events,transport during and nurse-nurse collaboration level of the two groups were compared.Results In the control group,its incidence of adverse events was 13.8%,the mean transport during was(19.5 ± 8.4)minutes,and the mean score for nurse-nurse collaboration level was ( 101.87 ± 7.13 ).In the observation group,its incidence of adverse events was 5.4%,the mean transport during was(13.5 ± 5.4)minutes,and the mean score for nurse-nurse collaboration level was(106.15 ± 8.86).Implementing the transfer statement has cut back the incidence of adverse events (P<0.05)and the transport duration significantly(t=3.833,P<0.01),while improving the level of nurse-nurse cooperation significantly(t= -4.261,P<0.05).Conclusions The transfer statement can increase the safety of patient transport,promote organization and coordination of nurses,and improve the efficiency of transport.

This study examined the anti-viral effect of ursolic acid on guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) and explored the steps of viral replication targeted by ursolic acid. Cytopathic effect assay and MTT method were employed to determine the 50% cellular cytotoxicity (CC(50)), 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) and therapeutic index (TI) with GPCMV. To investigate the specific anti-viral effect of ursolic acid at different temperatures and time points, two other medicines, ganciclovir and Jinyebaidu (JYBD), serving as controls, were studied for comparison. Our results showed that the CC50 of ganciclovir, JYBD and ursolic acid were 333.8, 3015.6, 86.7 μg/mL, respectively; EC(50) of ganciclovir, JYBD and ursolic acid was 48.1, 325.5 and 6.8 μg/mL, respectively; TI of ganciclovir, JYBD and ursolic acid was 7, 9, 13, respectively. Similar with ganciclovir, ursolic acid could inhibit the viral synthesis, but did not affect the viral adsorption onto and penetration into cells. We are led to conclude that the anti-cytomegalovirus effect of ursolic acid is significantly stronger than ganciclovir or JYBD, and the cytotoxic effect of ursolic acid lies in its ability to inhibit viral synthesis.
Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Guinea Pigs ; Roseolovirus ; drug effects ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

This study examined the anti-viral effect of ursolic acid on guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) and explored the steps of viral replication targeted by ursolic acid. Cytopathic effect assay and MTT method were employed to determine the 50% cellular cytotoxicity (CC(50)), 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) and therapeutic index (TI) with GPCMV. To investigate the specific anti-viral effect of ursolic acid at different temperatures and time points, two other medicines, ganciclovir and Jinyebaidu (JYBD), serving as controls, were studied for comparison. Our results showed that the CC50 of ganciclovir, JYBD and ursolic acid were 333.8, 3015.6, 86.7 μg/mL, respectively; EC(50) of ganciclovir, JYBD and ursolic acid was 48.1, 325.5 and 6.8 μg/mL, respectively; TI of ganciclovir, JYBD and ursolic acid was 7, 9, 13, respectively. Similar with ganciclovir, ursolic acid could inhibit the viral synthesis, but did not affect the viral adsorption onto and penetration into cells. We are led to conclude that the anti-cytomegalovirus effect of ursolic acid is significantly stronger than ganciclovir or JYBD, and the cytotoxic effect of ursolic acid lies in its ability to inhibit viral synthesis.

OBJECTIVETo study the in vitro anti-human cytomegalovirus effect and the cytotoxicity of Forsythia suspensa and its main active ingredient quercetin.

METHODThe 0% toxic dose (TD0), minimum effective concentration (MEC) and therapeutic index (TI) of anti-human cytomegalovirus activity by F. suspensa and quercetin were detected with the cytopathic assay and MTT method. Ganciclovir was used as the control drug for comparison.

RESULTThe TD0 of ganciclovir, F. suspensa and quercetin were 10, 30, 30 mg L(-1), the MEC were 10, 30, 0.3 mg x L(-1), TI were 1, 1 and 100, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe anti-human cytomegalovirus effect of quercetin is much higher than ganciclovir and F. suspensa, and the cytotoxicity is equivalent to F. suspensa but lower than ganciclovir. Therefore, quercetin has the potential advantages of anti-human cytomegalovirus effect.

Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Cell Line ; Cytomegalovirus ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Forsythia ; chemistry ; Humans ; Quercetin ; pharmacology ; toxicity

Objective To study the association of transcription factor 7-like 2(TCF7L2)polymorphisms with tvpe 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese Han population. Methods Two polymorphisms (rs7903146 and rs12255372)of TCF7L2 gene were genotyped in 446 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM group)and 303 normal subiects (NC group) by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Waist circumference.body mass index,plasma glucose,serum insulin,lipid profiles,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and non-esterified fatty acid were measured.Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and β-cell function(HOMA-β)were calculated.Results (1) In T2DM group,T allele frequency and CT,TY geno tvpe frequeneies of rs7903146 were significantly higher than those in NC group(0.093,0.150,0.018 vs 0.043, 0.079,0.003,respectively,a11 P