Purpose: This study aims to investigate the degree of job demand, job resources, burnout, and the organizational commitment of administrative nurses based on the job demands-resources model. Further, it seeks to confirm the influencing factors affecting nurses' burnout and organizational commitment. Methods: The participants were 188 administrative nurses working at hospitals (one tertiary hospital and six general hospitals) located in D City. The collected data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The influential factors of burnout were role conflict (β=.50), job demand (β=.18), job position (β=-.17, team leaders and above), and social support (β=-.15). The regression model had an explanatory power of 59%. The influential factors of organizational commitment were appropriate rewards (β=.59), job position (β=.15, team leader or above), working department (β= .14, referral center and health screening administration department), and social support (β=.18). The regression model had an explanatory power of 59.5%. Conclusion The results support the job demands-resources model, and interventions should be developed to decrease job demand and provide sufficient job resources.

Purpose: For this study the moderating and mediating effects of resilience on the relationships between work intensity, conflicts in interpersonal relationship and nurses' burnout were investigated. Methods: In this descriptive research 227 nurses who consented to participate in the study were surveyed. The tool included nurses' objective work intensity, subjective work intensity, conflicts in interpersonal relationships, resilience, and burnout. Data were collected from nurses in general hospitals in D city from July to August 2017. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 program. Results: Participants' burnout showed a statistically significant difference according to age, marital status, total clinical experience, position, work pattern, frequency of night shifts, work department, and salary. Participants' burnout was significantly positively correlated with subjective work intensity and conflicts in interpersonal relationships, and significantly negatively correlated with resilience. Resilience moderated the relationship between participants' subjective work intensity and burnout, and mediated the relationship between conflicts in interpersonal relationships and burnout. Conclusion Resilience had a moderating effect on the relationship between subjective work intensity and burnout, and a mediating effect on the relationship between conflicts in interpersonal relationships and burnout. Therefore, further efforts and diverse intervention measures are required to enhance resilience and reduce work intensity and conflicts in interpersonal relationships in order to prevent burnout in nurses.

Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia is a rare disease that occurs in 1 in 1 million individuals of the general population. Rifampin-induced immune hemolytic anemia is caused by drug-dependent antibodies and this can be treated without complication by drug cessation. Herein, we present a case of rifampin-induced immune hemolytic anemia in a patient with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) which occurred during treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. At admission, the patient's laboratory tests revealed hemolytic anemia and positive direct antiglobulin test result. Since the incidence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in pSS is reported to be 3 percent, which is higher than that of the general population, differential diagnosis between AIHA and rifampin-induced immune hemolytic anemia was required for planning future anti-tuberculous treatment. We identified rifampin-dependent antibody by drug-induced immune complex test and diagnosed rifampin-induced immune hemolytic anemia. Based on this experience, if rifampin administration is considered in patients with systemic autoimmune disease such as pSS, which has a high incidence of AIHA, we suggest evaluating the presence and the cause of hemolytic anemia at baseline by testing serum lactate dehydrogenase, haptoglobin, and direct and indirect antiglobulin tests before drug administration to promptly identify the cause of hemolysis if hemolytic anemia develops.

Remyelination via the transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) has been considered as a strategy to improve the locomotor deficits caused by traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). To date, enormous efforts have been made to derive OPCs from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), and significant progress in the transplantation of such cells in SCI animal models has been reported. The current methods generally require a long period of time (>2 months) to obtain transplantable OPCs, which hampers their clinical utility for patients with SCI. Here we demonstrate a rapid and efficient method to differentiate hPSCs into neural progenitors that retain the features of OPCs (referred to as OPC-like cells). We used cell sorting to select A2B5-positive cells from hPSC-derived neural rosettes and cultured the selected cells in the presence of signaling cues, including sonic hedgehog, PDGF and insulin-like growth factor-1. This method robustly generated neural cells positive for platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRα) and NG2 (~90%) after 4 weeks of differentiation. Behavioral tests revealed that the transplantation of the OPC-like cells into the spinal cords of rats with contusive SCI at the thoracic level significantly improved hindlimb locomotor function. Electrophysiological assessment revealed enhanced neural conduction through the injury site. Histological examination showed increased numbers of axon with myelination at the injury site and graft-derived myelin formation with no evidence of tumor formation. Our method provides a cell source from hPSCs that has the potential to recover motor function following SCI.
Animals ; Axons ; Behavior Rating Scale ; Cues ; Hedgehogs ; Hindlimb ; Humans* ; Methods ; Models, Animal ; Myelin Sheath ; Neural Conduction ; Oligodendroglia ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Pluripotent Stem Cells* ; Rats ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting shiftwork tolerance among nurses and provide basic data, ultimately, in formulating a plan for improving their shiftwork tolerance. METHODS: The participants were 317 nurses who were working at three general hospitals in Daejeon and Seoul. Data analyzed t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and regression analysis using SPSS 20.0 program. RESULTS: As for the sub-areas of shiftwork tolerance for the respondents, more than a half of nurses working at shifts suffered from insomnia, felt drowsy, complained of chronic fatigue, and were at the anxious and depressed state. Shiftwork tolerance differed by the daily intake of coffee and exercise. Shiftwork tolerance was significantly positively correlated with sleep-wake habits, hardiness, and flexibility and negatively correlated with a languidity. Regression analysis revealed that shiftwork tolerance was affected by age, sleep-wake habits, languidity, flexibility, and hardiness. CONCLUSION: To put the results, nurses had shiftwork tolerance affected by sleep-wake habits, languidity, and hardiness. It is therefore necessary to make a scheme for allowing nurses to improve hardiness and flexibility and decrease the languidity with the objective of improving their shiftwork tolerance.
Circadian Rhythm ; Coffee ; Fatigue ; Hospitals, General ; Pliability ; Seoul ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Work Schedule Tolerance

Harlequin syndrome, which is a rare disorder caused by dysfunction of the autonomic system, manifests as asymmetric facial flushing and sweating in response to heat, exercise, or emotional factors. The syndrome may be primary (idiopathic) with a benign course, or can occur secondary to structural abnormalities or iatrogenic factors. The precise mechanism underlying idiopathic harlequin syndrome remains unclear. Here, we describe a case of a 6-year-old boy who reported left hemifacial flushing and sweating after exercise. He had an unremarkable birth history and no significant medical history. Complete ophthalmological and neurological examinations were performed, and no other abnormalities were identified. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to exclude lesions of the cerebrum and cervicothoracic spinal cord, and no abnormalities were noted. His final diagnosis was classic idiopathic harlequin syndrome. Herein, we report the first pediatric case of idiopathic harlequin syndrome in Korea.
Cerebrum ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Flushing ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurologic Examination ; Pediatrics ; Reproductive History ; Spinal Cord ; Sweat ; Sweating

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to seek the direction of community health nursing practice education focus on the nursing education accreditation criteria. METHODS: We collected data through e-mail survey to all of 202 Korean nursing baccalaureate education institute in April, 2016. The 93 professors teaching community health nursing was responded about their affiliated institute (response rate 46.0%). RESULTS: The Korean nursing graduates in Feb. 2016 was practiced 3.01 credits, 131.6 hours in community health nursing course. Community health nursing practice agency was public health center (98.9%), Public health center post (43.0%), Public health center branch (32.3%) in order. The possibility to achieve the course objectives up to national examination was recognised Public health center (3.4), Public health center post (3.3), Public health center branch and school (3.2) from 5 score likert scale. A lot of nursing education institute have difficulty in clinical placement in community health nursing practice agency that meet eligibility of preceptor and space gaining for only nursing students. CONCLUSION: The nursing education accreditation criteria in 3rd cycle have to be considered real community health nursing practice situation and newly emerging community health nursing fields.
Accreditation* ; Community Health Nursing* ; Education* ; Education, Nursing* ; Electronic Mail ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Public Health ; Public Health Practice ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to provide basic data for development of health care programs for cleaners working in hospitals by analyzing job-related injuries among them and related factors. METHODS: The study surveyed cleaners working in 6 general hospitals in D metropolitan city. The questionnaire was structurally designed to include items about job-related injuries, working conditions, health related characteristics. For the analysis of the collected data, the SPSS/WIN 21.0 software was used, and t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS: Factors that affect health damages were gender and income levels. Inadequate safety facilities and equipment, noise, and income levels were found to be the factors affecting accident injuries. CONCLUSION: In order to reduce the job-related injuries, efforts need to be made to improve working conditions to deal with inadequate safety facilities and equipment and control noise. To fulfill this need, not only employers of cleaners but also hospitals in which they work should make efforts to educate those cleaners who have little knowledge of health and medical care, and improve their working conditions.
Delivery of Health Care ; Hospitals, General ; Noise

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify the impacts of job stress and cognitive failure on patient safety incidents among hospital nurses in Korea. METHODS: The study included 279 nurses who worked for at least 6 months in five general hospitals in Korea. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaires designed to measure job stress, cognitive failure, and patient safety incidents. RESULTS: This study showed that 27.9% of the participants had experienced patient safety incidents in the past 6 months. Factors affecting incidents were found to be shift work [odds ratio (OR) = 6.85], cognitive failure (OR = 2.92), lacking job autonomy (OR = 0.97), and job instability (OR = 1.02). CONCLUSION: Patient safety incidents were affected by shift work, cognitive failure, and job stress. Many countermeasures to reduce the incidents caused by shift work, and plans to reduce job stress to reduce the workers' cognitive failure are required. In addition, there is a necessity to reduce job instability and clearly define the scope and authority for duties that are directly related to the patient's safety.
Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Korea ; Patient Safety* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was based on social-role theory, and purposes were to investigate (1) how depression and health determinants vary with married and employed women, and (2) what factors contribute to depression according to family cycle. METHODS: A stratified convenience sample of 765 married and employed women was recruited during May to August 2010. Study variables of depression, socio-demographic threatening factors, psycho-stimulating factors, and social-role related factors were measured via a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Prevalence rate for depression was 18.6%, with highest rate (25.4%) from elementary laborers. Greater levels of depression were related to women's occupation, higher life stress, and poorer health; lower social support and vulnerable personality; higher levels of social-role related stress. From multivariate analysis, women with preadolescents were the most vulnerable to depression affected by occupation, life stress, personality, and parenting stress. These factors (except for occupational class) combined with economic status, social support, and housework unfairness were significant for depression in women with adolescents. CONCLUSION: Depression among married and employed women differs by psycho-stimulating and social role relevant factors in addition to occupational class and family life cycle. Female elementary laborers and women with children need to have the highest prioritization for community mental health programs.
Adult ; Depression/epidemiology/*psychology ; Employment ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Marriage ; Models, Theoretical ; Parenting ; Questionnaires ; *Social Support ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Stress, Psychological ; Women's Health