Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a critical complication of diabetes associated with a high risk of amputation and mortality. Despite the availability of numerous classification systems, the clinical outcomes remain suboptimal because of the complex pathophysiology of DFU and the lack of a universally applicable approach across different healthcare settings. This review compares the major DFU classification systems and proposes a practical framework to support clinical decision-making according to the disease stage and institutional capacity. A comparative analysis was performed on major DFU classification systems, including the Wagner; University of Texas (UT);Perfusion, Extent/size, Depth/tissue loss, Infection, and Sensation (PEDIS) classification; Site, Ischemia, Neuropathy, Bacterial Infection, Area, and Depth (SINBAD) classification; and the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI) systems. Their strengths and limitations were evaluated based on their clinical applicability, prognostic value, and usefulness in different healthcare environments. Although the Wagner and UT systems offer clinical convenience for initial assessment and monitoring, they do not provide sufficient detailed information for complex surgical planning. By contrast, the WIfI classification provides a more precise prediction of the amputation risk and revascularization benefit, even though it requires an objective vascular assessment that may not be readily available in primary care settings. This study introduces a “Scenario-based Stepwise Escalation Framework” to resolve “classification fatigue.” This model uses SINBAD/Wagner for initial screening, UT/PEDIS for specialized management, and WIfI for advanced surgical interventions and revascularization. The optimal classification strategy for DFU should be selected flexibly based on the clinical stage of the disease and the diagnostic capabilities of the treating institution. Rather than recommending a single universal classification system, this review supports the complementary use of multiple systems according to specific clinical needs. A stage- and setting-based approach may facilitate multidisciplinary communication and assist clinical decision-making in DFU management. Future prospective studies will be needed to validate the clinical effectiveness of the proposed framework.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of claimed mental disorders. Because the workers believed the cause of the mental disorders was work-related stress or a specific event, we could identify the major work-related stressor for claimed cases. METHODS: We included claimed cases of occupational mental disorder or suicide reported during 2010–2014 to the Korea Workers Compensation and Welfare Service (KCOMWEL), established by Industrial Accidents Insurance (IACI) Act. We conducted qualitative analysis using a form specifically developed for this study as well as a quantitative analysis. RESULTS: Of the 569 claimed cases, 142 cases were recognized as occupational mental disorder or suicide. The approval rate was 24.9 %. Suicide was the most commonly approved mental disorder (23.0 %), followed by major depressive disorder (14.9 %). Regarding profession, 109 workers were managers, and 95 workers were office clerks. The main work-related stressors of the approved cases were acute stressful events (76 cases), long working hours (12 cases), and changes in workload (6 cases). The primary stressful events were work-related legal problems, workplace violence, and employment status-related issues. CONCLUSION: Claims due to mental disorders or suicide increased during the 5-year study period, and the approval rate was approximately 33 %, and the main stressor of the claimed cases was an acute stressful event such as physiologic trauma, employment-related issues, fear of legal or financial responsibility, abrupt change in organizational responsibility, or workplace violence.
Accidents, Occupational ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Employment ; Insurance ; Korea ; Life Change Events ; Mental Disorders* ; Suicide* ; Workers' Compensation ; Workplace Violence

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to understand farmers' health status by general characteristic, and to find out the related factors. METHODS: All the 984 subjects were interviewed by means of a structured questionnaire and SF-12. Among them, only 812 were eligible for analysis. Statistical methods used included frequency, t-test, ANOVA, binary logistic regression with SPSS 19.0. RESULTS: In binary logistic regression, marital status, smoking, regular exercise and monthly day off were associated with physical component score. Marital status, smoking and score of pesticide protective device wearing were associated with mental component score. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that effort to develop health promotion programs for workers of agricultural industry considering these results can improve their perceived health status.
Health Promotion ; Logistic Models ; Marital Status ; Protective Devices ; Smoke ; Smoking