Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Cohort Studies ; Critical Care ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Logistic Models ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nursing ; Pneumonia ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Dry eye disease is an aging-related ophthalmic disease that not only affects the daily activities but also causes deterioration in the quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with dry eye symptoms in elderly Koreans. METHODS: We investigated 4,185 subjects (men=1,787 and women=2,398) aged ≥65 years from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2012. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regressions to identify the relationships between dry eye symptoms and other factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of dry eye symptoms was 17.9%. After adjustment for confounding factors, dry eye symptoms were significantly associated with female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.806; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.410–2.313), a history of cataract (aOR, 1.683; 95% CI, 1.255–2.255), suicidal ideation (aOR, 1.414; 95% CI, 1.070–1.870), hypercholesterolemia (aOR, 1.289; 95% CI, 1.025–1.621), age ≥80 years (aOR, 0.538; 95% CI, 0.337–0.859), and sleep duration ≥9 h/d (aOR, 0.524; 95% CI, 0.330–0.834). CONCLUSION: Among elderly Koreans, female sex, a history of cataract, suicidal ideation, and hypercholesterolemia may be the risk factors for dry eye symptoms, whereas sleep duration ≥9 h/d can be a protective factor against dry eye symptoms.
Aged* ; Cataract ; Dry Eye Syndromes ; Eye Diseases ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Protective Factors ; Quality of Life ; Risk Factors ; Suicidal Ideation

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are no data comparing clinical outcomes of complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between biodegradable polymer-biolimus-eluting stents (BP-BES) and durable polymer-everolimus-eluting stents (DP-EES). We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BP-BES compared with DP-EES in patients undergoing complex PCI. METHODS: Patients enrolled in the SMART-DESK registry were stratified into 2 categories based on the complexity of PCI. Complex PCI was defined as having at least one of the following features: unprotected left main lesion, ≥2 lesions treated, total stent length >40 mm, minimal stent diameter ≤2.5 mm, or bifurcation as target lesion. The primary outcome was target lesion failure (TLF), defined as a composite of cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction (TV-MI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 2 years of follow-up. RESULTS: Of 1,999 patients, 1,145 (57.3%) underwent complex PCI: 521 patients were treated with BP-BES and 624 with DP-EES. In propensity-score matching analysis (481 pairs), the risks of TLF (3.8% vs. 5.2%, adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.578; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.246–1.359; p=0.209), cardiac death (2.5% vs. 2.5%, adjusted HR, 0.787; 95% CI, 0.244–2.539; p=0.689), TV-MI (0.5% vs. 0.4%, adjusted HR, 1.128; 95% CI, 0.157–8.093; p=0.905), and TLR (1.1% vs. 2.9%, adjusted HR, 0.390; 95% CI, 0.139–1.095; p=0.074) did not differ between 2 stent groups after complex PCI. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical outcomes of BP-BES were comparable to those of DP-EES at 2 years after complex PCI. Our data suggest that use of BP-BES is acceptable, even for complex PCI.
Coronary Artery Disease ; Death ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Stents

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine whether lifestyle-related factors are associated with obesity in a selected sample of young Korean women. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 822 women aged 19–39 years who participated in the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2016. Obesity status was defined as general and abdominal obesity. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between lifestyle-related factors and obesity status. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity was 20.3% for general obesity and 17.4% for abdominal obesity. There were negative associations between the energy intake/body weight ratio and general and abdominal obesity. High-risk drinking was significantly associated with general obesity (adjusted odds ratio, 1.747; 95% confidence interval, 1.112–2.745), but was not associated with abdominal obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Among young Korean women aged 19–39 years, high-risk drinking may be a risk factor for general obesity.
Alcohol Drinking ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drinking ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: South Korea has the fastest growing aging population in the world, and older people require more healthcare services. Unmet healthcare needs still exist in Korea due to several complex reasons. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with unmet healthcare needs of the older Korean population. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1,194 older adults, aged 65 years and older, who participated in the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2017. Sociodemographic factors, lifestyle and health status, comorbidity, and unmet healthcare needs were included in this study's analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between unmet healthcare needs and other factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of unmet healthcare needs in this study population was 7.8%. After adjusting for age, sex, education level, household income, living alone, private health insurance, regular walking, body mass index, unintended weight loss, and osteoarthritis, women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.921; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.061–3.479) and unintended weight loss (aOR, 2.218; 95% CI, 1.105–4.453) were more likely to have unmet healthcare needs than their counterparts. The group with general obesity (aOR, 1.691; 95% CI, 1.015–2.816) was more likely to have unmet healthcare needs than the group with normal body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: Among the older Korean population, being a woman, general obesity, and unintended weight loss may be risk factors for unmet healthcare needs.
Adult ; Aging ; Body Mass Index ; Comorbidity ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Korea ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Needs Assessment ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; Odds Ratio ; Osteoarthritis ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Walking ; Weight Loss

No abstract available.
Dyslipidemias ; Korea

BACKGROUND: Sevoflurane is widely used to anesthetize children because of its rapid action with minimal irritation of the airways. However, there is a high risk of agitation after emergence from anesthesia. Strabismus surgery, in particular, can trigger agitation because patients have their eyes covered in the postoperative period. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not esmolol and lidocaine could decrease emergence agitation in children. METHODS: Eighty-four patients aged 3 to 9 years undergoing strabismus surgery were randomly assigned to a control group (saline only), a group that received intravenous lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg, and a group that received intravenous esmolol 0.5 mg/kg and lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg. Agitation was measured using the objective pain score, Cole 5-point score, and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale score at the end of surgery, on arrival in the recovery room, and 10 and 30 min after arrival. RESULTS: The group that received the combination of esmolol and lidocaine showed lower OPS and RASS scores than the other two groups when patients awoke from anesthesia (OPS = 0 (0-4), RASS = -4 [(-5)-1]) and were transferred to the recovery room (OPS = 0 (0-8), RASS = -1 [(-5)-3]) (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the severity of agitation among the three groups at other time points (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When pediatric strabismus surgery is accompanied by sevoflurane anesthesia, an intravenous injection of esmolol and lidocaine could alleviate agitation until arrival in the recovery room. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service, No. KCT0002925; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/en/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=11532.
Anesthesia ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lidocaine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Propanolamines ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Sevoflurane ; therapeutic use ; Strabismus ; surgery ; Wakefulness ; drug effects

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to screening for diabetic retinopathy in elderly diabetic patients.METHODS: This study included 682 elderly diabetic patients aged older than 65 years who answered the question “Have you undergone an eye examination in the last year?” from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2015. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression to identify the relationship between screening for diabetic retinopathy in elderly diabetic patients and related factors.RESULTS: Among the study population, 493 patients (73.3%) did not undergo eye examinations in the last year. Age ≥80 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.250; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.014–4.992), current smoking (OR, 2.006; 95% CI, 1.018–3.953), poor subjective health status (OR, 0.457; 95% CI, 0.242–0.863), history of stroke (OR, 0.479; 95% CI, 0.246–0.933), and history of hypertension (OR, 1.674; 95% CI, 1.114–2.516) were significantly associated with not undergoing eye examinations for diabetic retinopathy in elderly diabetic patients aged older than 65 years.CONCLUSION: In elderly diabetic patients aged older than 65 years living in Korea, those aged older than 80 years, who are current smokers, and with a history of hypertension showed low rates of undergoing eye examinations for diabetic retinopathy, while those with poor subjective health status and a history of stroke had high rates of undergoing eye examinations.
Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Nutrition Surveys ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stroke

This study investigated the relationship between the organizational culture, organizational support, organizational health, personal health, and quality of work life of dental hygienists and analyzed the factors affecting the quality of work life in order to identify ways to improve their quality of work life. A total of 320 dental hygienists completed a self-administered survey; after excluding data from 21 respondents, 299 responses were included in the analysis. Frequency analyses, t-tests, one-way analysis of variation (ANOVA), and correlation analyses were conducted. A path analysis was also conducted to confirm the causal relationships. The findings are as follows. First, there was a significant difference in several general characteristics of the organizational culture including years in the current job and the number of dental hygienists; organizational support including age and the number of dental hygienists; organizational health including years in the current job and annual salary; and personal health including annual salary. Second, the quality of work life showed a positive correlation with organizational culture, organizational support, personal health, and organizational health in that order. Third, the results of path analysis revealed that organizational culture had a positive effect on organizational support; organizational support and personal health on organizational health; organizational support on personal health; and organizational support and organizational health on quality of work life. In addition, organizational support and organizational health had a direct effect on the quality of work life, while organizational culture, organizational support, and personal health had an indirect effect. These results indicated existence of a relationship among organizational culture, organizational support, organizational health, personal health, and quality of work life. It is necessary to identify ways to improve the quality of work life of dental hygienists.
Dental Hygienists ; Humans ; Organizational Culture ; Quality of Life ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: The association between sleep duration and body composition measures in Korean adults remains unclear. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 3,532 subjects aged ≥40 years (1,542 men and 1,990 women) who participated in the 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-1. Self-reported sleep duration and anthropometric data were collected. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was quantified via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Obesity was defined according to the body mass index and waist circumference. Sarcopenia was defined as the muscle mass percentage (ASM/weight) below the lowest quintile computed for the study population. Multivariate logistic regressions with or without adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were used to evaluate the association of sleep duration with obesity and sarcopenia for participants who slept ≤5, 6–8, and ≥9 h/d. The results were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS: In women, the association between sleep duration and sarcopenia was stronger for individuals who slept ≥9 h/d than for those who slept 6–8 h/d (unadjusted OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.19–3.34; adjusted OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.06–2.96). CONCLUSION: Longer sleep duration is associated with a significantly higher incidence of sarcopenia in Korean women aged ≥40 years.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult* ; Body Composition* ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Obesity ; Odds Ratio ; Sarcopenia ; Waist Circumference