1.Expert consensus on the deployment of DeepSeek in medical institutions
Yanlin CAO ; Jing WANG ; Yuxi LI ; Yi ZHANG ; Guangzhen ZHONG ; Ping SONG
Chinese Medical Ethics 2025;38(5):674-678
The Expert Consensus on the Deployment of DeepSeek in Medical Institutions serves as a detailed guideline for the deployment of DeepSeek in medical institutions. It was developed by experts in the fields of healthcare, hospital management, medical information, health policy, law, and medical ethics from nearly 30 leading domestic medical and academic research institutions, based on relevant domestic and international laws and regulations as well as the practices of medical institutions. It aims to provide medical institutions with a scientific, standardized, and secure deployment guideline to ensure that the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in healthcare, including but not limited to DeepSeek, conforms to the unique characteristics of the healthcare industry and effectively promotes the improvement of medical service levels. From the three aspects of pre-deployment evaluation, deployment implementation, and post-deployment management and monitoring, the key factors that medical institutions should consider when introducing DeepSeek were elaborated in detail, including medical demand compatibility, technical capabilities and infrastructure, legal and ethical risks, data preparation and management, model selection and optimization, system integration and training, performance monitoring and continuous optimization, risk management and emergency response, as well as compliance review and evaluation. This provides a comprehensive deployment framework for medical institutions to ensure the safety and effectiveness of technology applications.
2.Effect of Wulao Qisun Prescription on Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of AS Fibroblasts by Regulating Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway
Juanjuan YANG ; Ping CHEN ; Haidong WANG ; Zhendong WANG ; Haolin LI ; Zhimin ZHANG ; Yuping YANG ; Weigang CHENG ; Jin SU ; Jingjing SONG ; Dongsheng LU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(2):67-73
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of the Wulao Qisun prescription on pathological new bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). MethodsSynovial fibroblasts were isolated from the hip joints of AS patients and observed under a microscope to assess cell morphology. The cells were identified using immunofluorescence staining. The isolated AS fibroblasts were divided into blank group, low drug-containing serum group, medium drug-containing serum group, high drug-containing serum group, and positive drug group. After drug intervention, cell proliferation was measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay to observe fibroblast growth and determine the optimal intervention time. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured using the alkaline phosphatase assay. Protein expression of osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) was detected by Western blot. The mRNA expression levels of Wnt5a, β-catenin, and Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). ResultsCompared with the blank group, each drug-containing serum group of Wulao Qisun prescription and the positive drug group inhibited the proliferation of AS fibroblasts and reduced ALP expression (P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the low drug-containing serum group of Wulao Qisun prescription downregulated β-catenin mRNA expression (P<0.05). The medium and high drug-containing serum groups and the positive drug group significantly downregulated Wnt5a and β-catenin mRNA expression (P<0.05, P<0.01), with the positive drug group showing the most pronounced effect (P<0.01). The high drug-containing serum group and the positive drug group significantly upregulated DKK-1 mRNA expression (P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the low drug-containing serum group of Wulao Qisun prescription inhibited the expression of OPN and Runx2 proteins (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the medium and high drug-containing serum groups and the positive drug group inhibited the expression of OCN, OPN, and Runx2 proteins (P<0.05, P<0.01). ConclusionThe Wulao Qisun prescription can inhibit the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts, thereby delaying the formation of pathological new bone in AS. The possible mechanism involves the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin-related gene expression, further inhibiting the transcription of downstream target genes.
3.Study of adsorption of coated aldehyde oxy-starch on the indexes of renal failure
Qian WU ; Cai-fen WANG ; Ning-ning PENG ; Qin NIE ; Tian-fu LI ; Jian-yu LIU ; Xiang-yi SONG ; Jian LIU ; Su-ping WU ; Ji-wen ZHANG ; Li-xin SUN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2025;60(2):498-505
The accumulation of uremic toxins such as urea nitrogen, blood creatinine, and uric acid of patients with renal failure
4.Treatment of Psoriasis from ''Fuyu'' Theory
Jiaqi LI ; Bobiao NING ; Ningxin ZHANG ; Bin YANG ; Ping SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(17):39-48
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a polygenic genetic background. Its etiology remains unclear, and its pathogenesis is complex and refractory, collectively posing significant challenges in its treatment and greatly affecting the physical and mental health of patients. With the advantages of multi-target and multi-pathway treatment, traditional Chinese medicine has shown unique efficacy and value in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis. Modern doctors have a lot of discussion on psoriasis, and most of them tend to treat the disease by solving disorders of the blood system. They think that the disease is closely related to the "heat in the blood". Combining the clinical characteristics and accompanying symptoms of psoriasis, this article traced the causes of "heat in the blood" in psoriasis and believed that multiple internal and external factors have prevented the smooth circulation of Qi. Yang Qi Fuyu (stagnation) and transformation into heat and toxicity is the source of "heat in the blood" in psoriasis. Furthermore, it was proposed that "Fuyu" is the core pathogenesis of psoriasis. The etiology of "Fuyu" is complex, such as external wind and cold pathogens, emotional injuries, internal accumulation of dampness, and deficiency of healthy Qi, all of which can disrupt the ascending and descending movement of Qi, impede the circulation of Qi and fluids, close the pores and skin texture, and subsequently lead to stagnation. Based on the above understanding, "resolving stagnation" is crucial for treating the disease. Many doctors have explored the treatment ideas of psoriasis from the perspectives of dispelling wind, warming cold, regulating Qi, eliminating dampness, tonifying deficiency, and external treatment, aiming to remove the causes, promote the circulation of Qi and fluids, and resolve stagnation and heat. Clinical studies have shown that the therapies can relieve clinical symptoms, reduce recurrence rate, and improve quality of life, which also have good safety in the treatment of psoriasis. This article discussed the treatment of psoriasis from the perspective of "Fuyu", enriching the understanding of TCM regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis. It is aiming to serve as an effective supplement to the "treating by solving disorders of the blood system" approach and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis.
5.Exploration of Kaixuan Jiedu Core Prescription's Efficacy in Alleviating Psoriasis Through Modulation of Ferroptosis Pathways: An Integrative Approach Involving Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation
Haoruo YANG ; Xue XIAO ; Jiaqi LI ; Ningxin ZHANG ; Bin YANG ; Ping SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(17):69-78
ObjectiveTo use bioinformatics technology to screen the molecular patterns and diagnostic biomarkers of ferroptosis closely related to psoriasis, observe the therapeutic effect of Kaixuan Jiedu core prescription on psoriasis and explore its potential mechanism through animal experiments. MethodsPsoriasis microarray data from GEO were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Intersection with a ferroptosis gene set yielded psoriasis ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs), which underwent correlation, consensus clustering, enrichment, and immune infiltration analyses. Core diagnostic FRGs (Hub-FRGs) were identified using random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), LASSO regression, Nomogram, and ROC analyses. In vivo, imiquimod (5% cream) induced psoriasis in mice (except controls). Drug treatment groups received respective doses, while control and model groups received saline via daily gavage for 7 days. Back skin changes were recorded and PASI scored. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining assessed histopathology. The levels of ferrous ion (Fe2+), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and free fatty acid (FFA) in skin tissue were detected. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skin tissue was detected by immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ChaC glutathione-specific γ-glutamyl transferase 1 (CHAC1), arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase β (ALOX12B), trimotif protein 21 (TRIM21), proliferation marker (Ki67) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) protein. ResultsAnalysis of GSE30999 identified 2 100 DEGs and 24 FRGs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment revealed 1 000 biological functions and 75 pathways. After cluster analysis, combined with three machine learning algorithms, Nomogram and ROC curve analysis, the core Hub-FRGs (CHAC1, ALOX12 B, TRIM21) were obtained. Immunoinfiltration showed inactive memory CD4+T cells and activated dendritic cells abundance significantly correlated with Hub-FRGs. In vivo, model group vs. control showed significantly increased PASI/Baker scores (P<0.05), epidermal hyperkeratosis, inflammatory infiltration, and elevated levels of Fe2+, MDA, 4-HNE, FFA, ROS, CHAC1, ALOX12B, TRIM21, Ki67, and NF-κB (P<0.05). Drug groups vs. model group exhibited significantly reduced scores (P<0.05), alleviated skin lesions, and decreased levels of Fe2+, MDA, 4-HNE, FFA, ROS, Hub-FRGs, Ki67, and NF-κB (P<0.05). ConclusionKaixuan Jiedu core prescription can significantly improve the skin pathological injury of psoriasis mice, showing good therapeutic and repair effects, and its mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of ferroptosis genes CHAC1, ALOX12B and TRIM21, which are closely related to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
6.Kaixuan Jiedu Compatibility Alleviates Skin Lesions and Inflammatory Reactions in Psoriasis-like Mice
Ningxin ZHANG ; Jiaqi LI ; Xinqian LIU ; Tianbo ZHANG ; Meiqi SUN ; Mingjing LI ; Bin YANG ; Ping SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(17):79-88
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of Kaixuan Jiedu compatibility and the decomposed prescriptions in the treatment of psoriasis. MethodsThirty Balb/c mice were randomly grouped as follows (n=6): normal, model, Kaixuan Jiedu (KXJD, 15.21 g·kg-1), Kaixuan (KX, 3.08 g·kg-1), and Jiedu (JD, 12.13 g·kg-1). Except the normal group, the rest groups were modeled for psoriasis-like skin lesions by topical application of imiquimod, and samples were collected after 7 days of continuous intervention. Mice were photographed at the lesion site during modeling and before sampling and the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes in the lesions and measure the epidermal thickness. Mice were photographed and observed for the tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki67), and cytokeratin 10 (CK10) in the epidermal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence assay was employed to determine the expression of Claudin-1 and Occludin. Real-time PCR was employed to determine the mRNA levels of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-23 (IL-23). The spleen and thymus were photographed and weighed, and the spleen and thymus indices were calculated. The safety of the treatment was assessed by automatic biochemistry testing of the serum, liver, and kidney functions and by HE staining of the liver, kidney and spleen. ResultsCompared with that of the normal group, the skin of the model group showed erythema, infiltration, and typical psoriasis-like changes, tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries, hyperkeratosis in epidermal cells, acanthosis, massive lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis, impaired barrier function, increased expression of VEGF, CD31, Ki67, and CK10 (P<0.01), reduced expression of Claudin-1 and Occludin (P<0.01) in the epidermis, and up-regulated mRNA levels of IL-17A and IL-23 (P<0.01). In addition, the mice in the model group showed spleen enlargement, thymus atrophy, increased spleen index, and decreased thymus index (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, KXJD and JD reduced psoriasis-like skin lesions, inhibited the tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries, reduced the expression of VEGF, CD31, Ki67, and CK10 (P<0.01), increased the expression of claudin-1 (P<0.01), and down-regulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors (P<0.01). Moreover, the KXJD group outperformed the JD group. The JD group showed no significant difference from the model group regarding the spleen index, thymus index, and Occludin expression. The psoriasis indicators in the KX group were not significantly different from those in the model group. ConclusionKXJD and JD can reduce the symptoms of local skin lesions of psoriasis, which is manifested as different inhibition degrees of the proliferation and differentiation of keratin-forming cells, tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries, and inflammatory reactions, as well as the protection of the skin barrier. Moreover, KXJD outperformed JD. KX alone did not significantly reduce psoriasis lesions in mice. KXJD and the decomposed prescriptions are safe and effective, causing no obvious liver and kidney injuries.
7.Mechanism of Neochlorogenic Acid in Ameliorating Psoriatic Keratinocyte Proliferation and Inflammation by Targeting HSP90 to Modulate NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Mengyao JIANG ; Xinwei ZHANG ; Bin YANG ; Ping SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(17):89-98
ObjectiveTo investigate the target proteins directly bound by neochlorogenic acid (NA) and the molecular mechanisms that ameliorate the proliferation and inflammatory response of psoriatic keratinocytes. MethodsM5-induced HaCaT cells were used as a psoriatic keratinocyte proliferation and inflammatory cell model. The synthesized NA probe (NA-P) and NA prodrug were first evaluated for cell viability using a cell proliferation/cell counting kit-8(CCK-8). The potency of NA and NA-P was evaluated in the safe concentration range, and the effects of 0-100 μmol·L-1 NA and probe on M5-induced proliferation of HaCaT cells were detected using CCK-8. The effects of 20, 40, 80 μmol·L-1 NA and 80 μmol·L-1 NA-P on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-23 (IL-23), and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to measure the effects of NA on the mRNA expression of keratin 16 (K16) in HaCaT cells, S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9), S100 calcium-binding protein A7 (S100A7), IL-6, IL-17A, and chemokine 1 (CXCL1). In vitro fluorescence labeling and competition experiments using NA-P were performed, and target protein angling and analysis using pull-down experiments combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pull-down/LC-MS/MS) were conducted. Target validation was performed using pull-down experiments combined with protein immunoblotting (Pull down-WB), cellular heat transfer analysis combined with protein immunoblot (CETSA-WB) experiments, and molecular docking. Finally, Real-time PCR was utilized to detect the effects of 20, 40, 80 μmol·L-1 NA and 80 μmol·L-1 NA-P on the mRNA expression of IL-1β, nucleotide-binding oligomeric structural domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speckled-like protein (ASC), and cysteine protease-1 (Caspase-1) in HaCaT cells. Protein immunoblot (Western blot) was used to detect the effects of phosphorylated p65 (p-p65), p65, phosphorylated human nuclear factor-κB inhibitory protein α (p-IκBα), human nuclear factor κB inhibitory protein α (IκBα), and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression. ResultsIn the 200 μmol·L-1 safe concentration range, HaCaT cell proliferation, increased expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-23, and IL-17A inflammatory factors, and increased mRNA expression of K16, S100A9, S100A7, IL-6, IL-17A, and CXCL1 were observed in the M5 group compared with the blank group. Cell proliferation in 5-100 μmol·L-1 NA and NA-P groups was inhibited, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-23, and IL-17A inflammatory factors was decreased in the NA-L, NA-M, NA-H, and NA-P-H groups. The mRNA expression of K16, S100A9, S100A7, IL-6, IL-17A, and CXCL1 was decreased (P<0.05). High-confidence targets were screened for HSP90 protein by Pull-down/LC-MS/MS using 200 μmol·L-1 NA competing with 100 μmol·L-1 NA-P. Compared with that in the blank group, the mRNA expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, ASC, and Caspase-1, as well as the expression of p-p65/p65, p-IκBα/IκBα, and HSP90 protein, were increased in HaCaT cells in the M5 group (P<0.05). Compared with that in the M5 group, the mRNA expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, ASC, and Caspase-1 of cells in the NA-L group, the NA-M group, the NA-H group, and the NA-P-H group was decreased (P<0.05). p-p65/p65 and p-IκBα/IκBα were decreased in the NA-M and NA-H groups (P<0.05), and there was no change in HSP90 protein. Pull down-WB showed that NA could directly target HSP90 protein, and NA binding to HSP90 protein enhanced its thermal stability. Molecular docking of NA with HSP90 family proteins HSP90AA1, HSP90B1, and HSP90AB1 all resulted in highly stable binding. ConclusionNA can inhibit the proliferation and inflammatory response of psoriatic keratinocytes by a mechanism that may be achieved by targeting HSP90 to modulate the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
8.Treatment of Psoriasis from ''Fuyu'' Theory
Jiaqi LI ; Bobiao NING ; Ningxin ZHANG ; Bin YANG ; Ping SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(17):39-48
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a polygenic genetic background. Its etiology remains unclear, and its pathogenesis is complex and refractory, collectively posing significant challenges in its treatment and greatly affecting the physical and mental health of patients. With the advantages of multi-target and multi-pathway treatment, traditional Chinese medicine has shown unique efficacy and value in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis. Modern doctors have a lot of discussion on psoriasis, and most of them tend to treat the disease by solving disorders of the blood system. They think that the disease is closely related to the "heat in the blood". Combining the clinical characteristics and accompanying symptoms of psoriasis, this article traced the causes of "heat in the blood" in psoriasis and believed that multiple internal and external factors have prevented the smooth circulation of Qi. Yang Qi Fuyu (stagnation) and transformation into heat and toxicity is the source of "heat in the blood" in psoriasis. Furthermore, it was proposed that "Fuyu" is the core pathogenesis of psoriasis. The etiology of "Fuyu" is complex, such as external wind and cold pathogens, emotional injuries, internal accumulation of dampness, and deficiency of healthy Qi, all of which can disrupt the ascending and descending movement of Qi, impede the circulation of Qi and fluids, close the pores and skin texture, and subsequently lead to stagnation. Based on the above understanding, "resolving stagnation" is crucial for treating the disease. Many doctors have explored the treatment ideas of psoriasis from the perspectives of dispelling wind, warming cold, regulating Qi, eliminating dampness, tonifying deficiency, and external treatment, aiming to remove the causes, promote the circulation of Qi and fluids, and resolve stagnation and heat. Clinical studies have shown that the therapies can relieve clinical symptoms, reduce recurrence rate, and improve quality of life, which also have good safety in the treatment of psoriasis. This article discussed the treatment of psoriasis from the perspective of "Fuyu", enriching the understanding of TCM regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis. It is aiming to serve as an effective supplement to the "treating by solving disorders of the blood system" approach and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis.
9.Exploration of Kaixuan Jiedu Core Prescription's Efficacy in Alleviating Psoriasis Through Modulation of Ferroptosis Pathways: An Integrative Approach Involving Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation
Haoruo YANG ; Xue XIAO ; Jiaqi LI ; Ningxin ZHANG ; Bin YANG ; Ping SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(17):69-78
ObjectiveTo use bioinformatics technology to screen the molecular patterns and diagnostic biomarkers of ferroptosis closely related to psoriasis, observe the therapeutic effect of Kaixuan Jiedu core prescription on psoriasis and explore its potential mechanism through animal experiments. MethodsPsoriasis microarray data from GEO were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Intersection with a ferroptosis gene set yielded psoriasis ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs), which underwent correlation, consensus clustering, enrichment, and immune infiltration analyses. Core diagnostic FRGs (Hub-FRGs) were identified using random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), LASSO regression, Nomogram, and ROC analyses. In vivo, imiquimod (5% cream) induced psoriasis in mice (except controls). Drug treatment groups received respective doses, while control and model groups received saline via daily gavage for 7 days. Back skin changes were recorded and PASI scored. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining assessed histopathology. The levels of ferrous ion (Fe2+), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and free fatty acid (FFA) in skin tissue were detected. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skin tissue was detected by immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ChaC glutathione-specific γ-glutamyl transferase 1 (CHAC1), arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenase β (ALOX12B), trimotif protein 21 (TRIM21), proliferation marker (Ki67) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) protein. ResultsAnalysis of GSE30999 identified 2 100 DEGs and 24 FRGs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment revealed 1 000 biological functions and 75 pathways. After cluster analysis, combined with three machine learning algorithms, Nomogram and ROC curve analysis, the core Hub-FRGs (CHAC1, ALOX12 B, TRIM21) were obtained. Immunoinfiltration showed inactive memory CD4+T cells and activated dendritic cells abundance significantly correlated with Hub-FRGs. In vivo, model group vs. control showed significantly increased PASI/Baker scores (P<0.05), epidermal hyperkeratosis, inflammatory infiltration, and elevated levels of Fe2+, MDA, 4-HNE, FFA, ROS, CHAC1, ALOX12B, TRIM21, Ki67, and NF-κB (P<0.05). Drug groups vs. model group exhibited significantly reduced scores (P<0.05), alleviated skin lesions, and decreased levels of Fe2+, MDA, 4-HNE, FFA, ROS, Hub-FRGs, Ki67, and NF-κB (P<0.05). ConclusionKaixuan Jiedu core prescription can significantly improve the skin pathological injury of psoriasis mice, showing good therapeutic and repair effects, and its mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of ferroptosis genes CHAC1, ALOX12B and TRIM21, which are closely related to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
10.Kaixuan Jiedu Compatibility Alleviates Skin Lesions and Inflammatory Reactions in Psoriasis-like Mice
Ningxin ZHANG ; Jiaqi LI ; Xinqian LIU ; Tianbo ZHANG ; Meiqi SUN ; Mingjing LI ; Bin YANG ; Ping SONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2025;31(17):79-88
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of Kaixuan Jiedu compatibility and the decomposed prescriptions in the treatment of psoriasis. MethodsThirty Balb/c mice were randomly grouped as follows (n=6): normal, model, Kaixuan Jiedu (KXJD, 15.21 g·kg-1), Kaixuan (KX, 3.08 g·kg-1), and Jiedu (JD, 12.13 g·kg-1). Except the normal group, the rest groups were modeled for psoriasis-like skin lesions by topical application of imiquimod, and samples were collected after 7 days of continuous intervention. Mice were photographed at the lesion site during modeling and before sampling and the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes in the lesions and measure the epidermal thickness. Mice were photographed and observed for the tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki67), and cytokeratin 10 (CK10) in the epidermal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence assay was employed to determine the expression of Claudin-1 and Occludin. Real-time PCR was employed to determine the mRNA levels of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-23 (IL-23). The spleen and thymus were photographed and weighed, and the spleen and thymus indices were calculated. The safety of the treatment was assessed by automatic biochemistry testing of the serum, liver, and kidney functions and by HE staining of the liver, kidney and spleen. ResultsCompared with that of the normal group, the skin of the model group showed erythema, infiltration, and typical psoriasis-like changes, tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries, hyperkeratosis in epidermal cells, acanthosis, massive lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis, impaired barrier function, increased expression of VEGF, CD31, Ki67, and CK10 (P<0.01), reduced expression of Claudin-1 and Occludin (P<0.01) in the epidermis, and up-regulated mRNA levels of IL-17A and IL-23 (P<0.01). In addition, the mice in the model group showed spleen enlargement, thymus atrophy, increased spleen index, and decreased thymus index (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, KXJD and JD reduced psoriasis-like skin lesions, inhibited the tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries, reduced the expression of VEGF, CD31, Ki67, and CK10 (P<0.01), increased the expression of claudin-1 (P<0.01), and down-regulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors (P<0.01). Moreover, the KXJD group outperformed the JD group. The JD group showed no significant difference from the model group regarding the spleen index, thymus index, and Occludin expression. The psoriasis indicators in the KX group were not significantly different from those in the model group. ConclusionKXJD and JD can reduce the symptoms of local skin lesions of psoriasis, which is manifested as different inhibition degrees of the proliferation and differentiation of keratin-forming cells, tortuous dilation of dermal capillaries, and inflammatory reactions, as well as the protection of the skin barrier. Moreover, KXJD outperformed JD. KX alone did not significantly reduce psoriasis lesions in mice. KXJD and the decomposed prescriptions are safe and effective, causing no obvious liver and kidney injuries.

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