No abstract available.
Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate* ; Sodium*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) with sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) liquid sclerotherapy of gastric varices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between February 2012 and August 2014, STS liquid sclerotherapy was performed in 17 consecutive patients (male:female = 8:9; mean age 58.6 years, range 44-86 years) with gastric varices. Retrograde venography was performed after occlusion of the gastrorenal shunt using a balloon catheter and embolization of collateral draining veins using coils or gelfoam pledgets, to evaluate the anatomy of the gastric varices. We prepared 2% liquid STS by mixing 3% STS and contrast media in a ratio of 2:1. A 2% STS solution was injected into the gastric varices until minimal filling of the afferent portal vein branch was observed (mean 19.9 mL, range 6-33 mL). Patients were followed up using computed tomography (CT) or endoscopy. RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in 16 of 17 patients (94.1%). The procedure failed in one patient because the shunt could not be occluded due to the large diameter of gastrorenal shunt. Complete obliteration of gastric varices was observed in 15 of 16 patients (93.8%) with follow-up CT or endoscopy. There was no rebleeding after the procedure. There was no procedure-related mortality. CONCLUSION: BRTO using STS liquid can be a safe and useful treatment option in patients with gastric varices.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Balloon Occlusion ; Contrast Media/*chemistry ; Demography ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices/*therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein/radiography ; Sclerotherapy ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate/*chemistry ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Hemangioma and vascular malformation are benign vascular lesions that often occur in cephalic and cervical region. Currently, surgical resection, laser therapy, angiographic embolization, use of steroids, and sclerotherapy are used as treatments. CASE PRESENTATION: This study reports three cases of benign vascular lesions that are remarkably treated by sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) injection, of which occurred in oral cavity and around the mouth. Three percent of STS was diluted with 0.9 % of normal saline, and it was injected to the lesion site at least once. The result of treatment was evaluated based on clinical findings. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment of hemangioma and vascular malformation occurred in oral cavity is not normally used because of esthetic issues and potential hemorrhage. On the other hand, sclerotherapy using STS is an effective therapy compare to surgical treatment. Despite the number of STS injection was different for each patient, all three patients had reached satisfactory level through the treatment with gradual diminution of lesions.
Hand ; Hemangioma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Mouth ; Sclerotherapy* ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate* ; Sodium* ; Steroids ; Vascular Malformations

BACKGROUND: For the treatment of pyogenic granuloma (PG), surgical excision, electrocautery, and laser therapy have been employed, apart from other methods. Sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) sclerotherapy, as a minimally invasive treatment for vascular lesion, is frequently used for vascular malformations with considerable efficacy and safety. However, there have been a few reports about its use in the treatment of PG. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, recurrence, and side effects of sclerotherapy using 1% STS in the treatment of PG. METHODS: We evaluated 72 patients with PG who were treated with 1% STS from January 2008 to December 2014. Sclerotherapy using 1% STS was performed by "blind" intralesional injection without the aid of imaging such as ultrasonography. The results were evaluated by physical examination, photographic evaluation, and the patient's subjective satisfaction, and then they were classified into 3 groups: complete remission, partial remission, and no change. Recurrence and side effects were also evaluated. RESULTS: Complete remission of PG was achieved in 65 (90.3%) of patients after 1.23 average sessions (range, 1~5 sessions). The remaining patients showed partial remission, with no instances of the treatment resulting in no change. One case of recurrence (1.4%) from partial remission group was seen after 3 months. Clinically, side effects such as pain, tenderness, hyperpigmentation, ulcer, numbness, scarring, and hair loss patches were noted in 18 (25%) patients, but these were all mild and transient. CONCLUSION: 1% STS sclerotherapy can be recommended as an effective therapeutic modality for the treatment of PG with insignificant adverse effects and low recurrence rate.
Cicatrix ; Electrocoagulation ; Granuloma, Pyogenic* ; Hair ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Hypesthesia ; Injections, Intralesional ; Laser Therapy ; Physical Examination ; Recurrence ; Sclerotherapy* ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate* ; Sodium* ; Ulcer ; Ultrasonography ; Vascular Malformations

No abstract available.
Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Sarcoma, Kaposi/*drug therapy ; Skin Neoplasms/*drug therapy ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate/*administration & dosage/*therapeutic use

Vascular malformations are the most common congenital and neonatal vascular anomalies in the head and neck region. The demand for simple and esthetic vascular malformation treatments have increased more recently. In this study, two patients that were diagnosed with venous malformations were treated with sodium tetradecyl sulfate as a sclerosing agent. Recurrence was not found one year after the surgery. This article gives a brief case report of sclerotherapy as an effective approach to treat vascular malformations in the oral cavity.
Head ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Mouth ; Neck ; Recurrence ; Sclerotherapy* ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate* ; Sodium* ; Vascular Diseases ; Vascular Malformations*

PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a sclerosing solution for inducing epididymal occlusion in male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: an injection group (n=20) and control group (n=20). Before injecting the sclerosing agent, seminal vesiculectomy and sperm identification using electrostimulation were performed in all of the rats. In the injection group, 0.2 mL of 0.1% sodium tetradecyl sulfate solution was injected into the epididymis. In the sham group, only the identification of the epididymis was performed. At 4 and 12 weeks after the injection, semen was collected by electrostimulation and evaluated to assess the contraceptive effect. Epididymis was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. RESULTS: After 4 and 12 weeks, semen collection was performed in the two groups. Sperms were not observed in the injection group, while there was no change in the sperms in the sham group. H&E staining showed the obstruction of epididymal tubules and an accumulation of inflammatory cells in the injection group. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the sclerosing agent induced sterilization in male rats. This result suggests that the injection method can replace vasectomy as a contraceptive method. However, a further study of large animals and a clinical study are needed. Further, the long-term effectiveness of this method needs to be studied.
Animals ; Contraception* ; Contraceptive Agents ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Epididymis ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sclerotherapy* ; Semen ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate ; Spermatozoa ; Sterilization ; Vasectomy

PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a sclerosing solution for inducing epididymal occlusion in male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: an injection group (n=20) and control group (n=20). Before injecting the sclerosing agent, seminal vesiculectomy and sperm identification using electrostimulation were performed in all of the rats. In the injection group, 0.2 mL of 0.1% sodium tetradecyl sulfate solution was injected into the epididymis. In the sham group, only the identification of the epididymis was performed. At 4 and 12 weeks after the injection, semen was collected by electrostimulation and evaluated to assess the contraceptive effect. Epididymis was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. RESULTS: After 4 and 12 weeks, semen collection was performed in the two groups. Sperms were not observed in the injection group, while there was no change in the sperms in the sham group. H&E staining showed the obstruction of epididymal tubules and an accumulation of inflammatory cells in the injection group. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the sclerosing agent induced sterilization in male rats. This result suggests that the injection method can replace vasectomy as a contraceptive method. However, a further study of large animals and a clinical study are needed. Further, the long-term effectiveness of this method needs to be studied.
Animals ; Contraception* ; Contraceptive Agents ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Epididymis ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sclerotherapy* ; Semen ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate ; Spermatozoa ; Sterilization ; Vasectomy

Hemangioma and vascular malformation is a common vascular benign lesion in the head and neck region. The lesion is a congenital malformation observed in neonates. The treatment this lesion includes surgical excision, cryotherapy, selective embolization and treatment with sclerotic agents. We present three cases of benign oral vascular lesions treated with an intralesional injection of sodium tetradecyl sulfate. The lesions virtually disappeared after three sessions of sclerotherapy, leaving an inconspicuous scar. No side effects were observed. Sclerotherapy with sodium tetradecyl sulfate is effective in treating benign oral vascular lesions, and the use of the sodium tetradecyl sulfate provides alternative or support for surgical methods.
Cicatrix ; Cryotherapy ; Head ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Injections, Intralesional ; Neck ; Sclerotherapy ; Sodium ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate ; Vascular Malformations

BACKGROUND: Surgical excision and alcohol sclerotherapy have been used to treat congenital vascular malformations (CVM) with a significant success rate but the methods have also left marked morbidity. The alternative, sclerotherapy using ordinary sclerosants, although resulting in trivial complications, has a relatively low cure rate and is rarely used in Korea for CVM management. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects and side effects of sclerotherapy using ordinary sclerosants such as polidocanol (POL) and sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) for the treatment of CVM of a venous and lymphatic type. METHODS: To confirm the long-term effects and safety with at least a 3-year follow-up, we chose a total of 26 patients who had undergone sclerotherapy between 2000 to 2004. There were 22 venous malformations (VMs) and 4 lymphatic malformations (LMs) which were rather small and superficial, not beyond muscular fascia. Sclerotherapy using POL and STS was performed by blind intraluminal and/or intralesional injection without the aid of imaging methods such as ultrasound examination. The results were evaluated by the patients' subjective satisfaction, physical examination, comparison of photographs and/or radiological examinations, then they were classified into 4 groups; excellent (improvement >75%), good (50~75%), fair (25~49%) and poor (<25%). RESULTS: Twenty two VMs comprised 14 in the excellent group (66.7%), 6 in the good group (25.0%), 1 in the fair group (4.2%) and 1 in the poor group (4.2%). Two LMs of macrocystic type revealed excellent results but the other two showing microcystic type revealed poor results. The dose of sclerosant was 0.1 to 2 ml in every session and a total of 1 to 6 sessions (average: 2.2) were performed. Only one VM showed hyperpigmentation as a side effect. CONCLUSION: Sclerosants for ordinary varicose vein eradication can be used on the treatment of small and superficial venous malformations and macrocystic-lymphatic malformations with relative efficacy and safety.
Fascia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Injections, Intralesional ; Korea ; Physical Examination ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Sclerosing Solutions ; Sclerotherapy ; Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate ; Varicose Veins ; Vascular Malformations