Chronic heart failure （CHF） is a complex clinical syndrome caused by ventricular dysfunction， with mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder being a critical factor in disease progression. Heart-Yang deficiency syndrome， as the core pathogenesis of CHF， persists throughout the disease course. Insufficiency of heart-Yang leads to weakened warming and propelling functions， resulting in the accumulation of phlegm-fluid， blood stasis， and dampness. This eventually causes Qi stagnation with phlegm obstruction and blood stasis with water retention， forming a vicious cycle that exacerbates disease progression. According to the theory of reinforcing Yang， the clinical experience of the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） master Tang Zuxuan in treating CHF with heart-Yang deficiency syndrome， and achievements from molecular biological studies， this study innovatively proposes an integrated research framework of "TCM syndrome differentiation and staging-mitochondrial metabolism mechanisms-intervention with Yang-reinforcing prescriptions" which is characterized by the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Heart-Yang deficiency syndrome is classified into mild （Stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ）， severe （Stage Ⅲ）， and critical （Stage Ⅳ） stages. The study elucidates the precise correlations between the pathogenesis of each stage and mitochondrial metabolism disorders from theoretical， pathophysiological， and therapeutic perspectives. The mild stage is characterized by impaired biogenesis and substrate-utilization imbalance， corresponding to heart-Yang deficiency and phlegm-fluid aggregation. Linggui Zhugantang and similar prescriptions can significantly improve the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator-1α（PGC-1α）/silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 （SIRT1） and ATPase activity. The severe stage centers on oxidative stress and structural damage， reflecting Yang deficiency with water overflow and phlegm-blood stasis intermingling. At this stage， Zhenwu Tang and Qiangxin Tang can effectively mitigate oxidative stress damage， increase adenosine triphosphate （ATP） content， and repair mitochondrial structure. The critical stage arises from calcium overload and mitochondrial disintegration， leading to the collapse of Yin-Yang equilibrium. At this stage， Yang-restoring and crisis-resolving prescriptions such as Fuling Sini Tang and Qili Qiangxin capsules can inhibit abnormal opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore （MPTP）， reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis rate， and protect mitochondrial function. By summarizing the characteristics of mitochondrial energy metabolism disorders at different stages of CHF， this study explores the application of the theory of reinforcing Yang in treating heart-Yang deficiency syndrome and provides new insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CHF.

Chronic heart failure （CHF） refers to a clinical syndrome in which the function or structure of the heart is changed due to damage to the original myocardium， resulting in reduced pumping and/or filling functions of the heart. In recent years， the mechanisms， pathways， and targets of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of CHF have been continuously confirmed， and the application of TCM theories in guiding the syndrome differentiation and precise treatment of CHF is currently a research hotspot. On the basis of the syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM， Professor LI Candong innovatively proposed the thinking of five differentiation： Disease differentiation， syndrome differentiation， pathogenesis differentiation， symptom differentiation， and individual differentiation. This article explores the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CHF from this thinking， emphasizing comprehensive syndrome differentiation， objective analysis， dynamic assessment， and individualized treatment. In terms of diagnosis， the first is to identify the disease name， cause， location， severity， and type of CHF， determine the type and its evolution， and clarify the process of transmission and transformation between deficiency and excess. Secondly， it is necessary to distinguish the authenticity， severity， primary and secondary， urgency and complexity of CHF syndromes， providing scientific guidance for syndrome differentiation and treatment. Thirdly， according to the symptoms and the principles of deficiency and excess， the physician should identify the core pathogenesis of CHF from the perspectives of Qi， blood， Yin， Yang， deficiency， stasis， phlegm， water， and toxins. Fourthly， from the macro， meso and micro levels， the physician should carefully distinguish the presence or absence， severity， authenticity， and completeness of the symptoms to guide the diagnosis and treatment process of CHF. Finally， personalized medication for CHF should be promoted based on the patient's gender， age， constitution， and living habits. In terms of treatment， based on the thinking of five differentiation， we propose that the treatment of CHF should integrate the disease and syndrome， clarify the pathogenesis， and apply precise treatment. The treatment should be people-oriented， staged， and typed， and the medication should be adjusted according to symptoms. This diagnostic and therapeutic approach is based on the holistic concept and syndrome differentiation and treatment， and combines the three causes for appropriate treatment， providing new ideas and insights for the diagnosis and treatment of CHF.

Farrerol is a dihydroflavone compound extracted from the dried leaves of Rhododendron dauricum belonging to the Ericaceae family. This article systematically reviews relevant research on farrerol both domestically and internationally， summarizes its pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action， and finds that it exerts cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective effects by maintaining the homeostasis of vascular endothelial function and inhibiting vascular intimal hyperplasia； exerts renal protective effects by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） signaling pathway to reduce renal damage； exerts liver protective effects by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway， activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway， improving insulin resistance， and reducing lipid deposition in the liver； exerts neuroprotective effects by activating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway， inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4 and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes signaling pathways to reduce neuroinflammatory damage； exerts bone protective effects by promoting tendon formation and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation； exerts antitumor effects by inducing tumor cell apoptosis and weakening tumor cell invasion and metastasis； and exerts antibacterial effects by downregulating α -toxin expression， interfering with β -lactamase/penicillin-binding protein 2a （PBP2a）， and inhibiting PBP2a oligomerization. Currently， research on the pharmacological effects of farrerol is still mainly focused on animal and cell experiments. Further mechanistic studies and clinical trials are needed to provide theoretical basis for its new drug development and clinical application.

Farrerol is a dihydroflavone compound extracted from the dried leaves of Rhododendron dauricum belonging to the Ericaceae family. This article systematically reviews relevant research on farrerol both domestically and internationally， summarizes its pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action， and finds that it exerts cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective effects by maintaining the homeostasis of vascular endothelial function and inhibiting vascular intimal hyperplasia； exerts renal protective effects by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） signaling pathway to reduce renal damage； exerts liver protective effects by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway， activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway， improving insulin resistance， and reducing lipid deposition in the liver； exerts neuroprotective effects by activating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway， inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4 and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes signaling pathways to reduce neuroinflammatory damage； exerts bone protective effects by promoting tendon formation and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation； exerts antitumor effects by inducing tumor cell apoptosis and weakening tumor cell invasion and metastasis； and exerts antibacterial effects by downregulating α -toxin expression， interfering with β -lactamase/penicillin-binding protein 2a （PBP2a）， and inhibiting PBP2a oligomerization. Currently， research on the pharmacological effects of farrerol is still mainly focused on animal and cell experiments. Further mechanistic studies and clinical trials are needed to provide theoretical basis for its new drug development and clinical application.

Objective To analyze the research status and hotspots of Poria by means of bibliometrics and visualization methods;To provide reference for scientific research and clinical practice.Methods The research literature about Poria included in CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,CBM,Web of Science core collection and PubMed database was retrieved from 2004 to 2023.NoteExpress3.6.0.9155 software was used to de-duplicate,and Excel2016,CiteSpace 6.2.R4 and VOSviewer 1.6.18.0 software were used to analyze the annual number of publications,institutions,journals,authors and keywords,and visual display was demonstrated.Results Totally 3 861 Chinese papers and 477 English papers were included after screening,and the annual number of papers gradually increased.The institutions that published the most Chinese and English papers were Jiangsu Kangyuan Pharmaceutical Co.,LTD.and Chinese Academy of Sciences;the authors that publish the most Chinese and English papers were Wang Zhenzhong and Chen Lin;the journals that published the most Chinese and English papers were Zhong Cao Yao and Journal of Ethnopharmacology.Keyword analysis showed higher frequency of uterine fibroids,clinical efficacy,polysaccharide and antioxidant activity.20 clusters and 36 emergent keywords were generated.Conclusion The research focus in this field is on the pharmacological components and mechanism,clinical application and data mining of Poria.

Objective To analyze the research status and hotspots of Poria by means of bibliometrics and visualization methods;To provide reference for scientific research and clinical practice.Methods The research literature about Poria included in CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,CBM,Web of Science core collection and PubMed database was retrieved from 2004 to 2023.NoteExpress3.6.0.9155 software was used to de-duplicate,and Excel2016,CiteSpace 6.2.R4 and VOSviewer 1.6.18.0 software were used to analyze the annual number of publications,institutions,journals,authors and keywords,and visual display was demonstrated.Results Totally 3 861 Chinese papers and 477 English papers were included after screening,and the annual number of papers gradually increased.The institutions that published the most Chinese and English papers were Jiangsu Kangyuan Pharmaceutical Co.,LTD.and Chinese Academy of Sciences;the authors that publish the most Chinese and English papers were Wang Zhenzhong and Chen Lin;the journals that published the most Chinese and English papers were Zhong Cao Yao and Journal of Ethnopharmacology.Keyword analysis showed higher frequency of uterine fibroids,clinical efficacy,polysaccharide and antioxidant activity.20 clusters and 36 emergent keywords were generated.Conclusion The research focus in this field is on the pharmacological components and mechanism,clinical application and data mining of Poria.

In recent years,with the increase of social pressure,the incidence of"psycho-cardiological disease"increases.Western medicine mainly uses conventional cardiovascular drugs combined with antidepressant or anxiety drugs.TCM has the characteristics of multi-pathway,multi-target,multi-mechanism,integration and low toxicity.It has unique advantages in the intervention of"psycho-cardiological disease"and has significant clinical efficacy.However,the pathogenesis,clinical diagnosis,syndrome differentiation and treatment of this disease are not the same.This article summarized relevant literature and reviewed the etiology,pathogenesis,experience in syndrome differentiation and treatment,and clinical research of this disease from the perspective of TCM,in order to provide reference for diagnosis of disease,precision treatment and improvement of curative efficacy of"psycho-cardiological disease".

Objective To understand the research situation of animal model of chronic heart failure(CHF)based on visualization software and bibliometrics methods,and to explore the research hotspots of animal models of CHF and guide the design of animal experiments and scientific research.Methods Literature related to animal model of CHF included in Web of Science core collection from January 1,2001 to October 10,2022 were retrieved.After reading the full text and obtaining the final included literature,VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were used to analyze the contents of institutions,journals and co-cited journals,authors and co-cited authors,keywords.Results A total of 961 papers were included,and the number of published papers increased steadily.The United States and China are the main research countries.Johns Hopkins University and Harvard University are major research institutions.The most frequently published and cited journals are AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C and CIRCULATION,etc..Schultz Harold D and Sabbah Hani N are more influential in author selection."Myocardial infarction","cardiac hypertrophy",and"rat"are the most frequent keywords,10 clusters and 18 emergent words were formed.Conclusion The research in this field is numerous,high quality but scattered.Commonly used animal models are rodents and dogs.The main modeling methods are surgery and drugs.The main pathological mechanisms are mainly myocardial hypertrophy,oxidative stress,and myocardial fibrosis.

Objective:To analyze the intervention effect of rehabilitation platform-based online psycho-education on patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission stage.Methods:In this randomized controlled study, 91 patients with BD in remission stage who attended the community health center in Xicheng District, Beijing from July to August 2021 were randomly divided into a test group (46 cases) and a control group (45 cases) according to a 1∶1 ratio using the random number table. Baseline data were collected from both groups, and the control group received conventional medication and community telephone follow-up, while the test group was given online mental health education in the form of a WeChat subscription number on this basis, including BD mental health education course push (twice a week) and disease self-management (daily recording of mood, sleep, medication, exercise and gratitude diary), and the intervention period was 6 months in both groups. During the intervention, one patient in the test group was admitted to hospital due to exacerbation of mental illness and the trial was terminated. A total of 90 cases were included in the study. The scores of Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale (PDD) were assessed at baseline, after 3 months and 6 months of intervention in both groups, respectively. And the differences in baseline data between the two groups were compared using two independent samples t test and χ2 test, and the repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare the differences in MARS, HAMD, YMRS, and PDD scores between the two groups before and after the intervention, and to analyze the intervention effects of network mental health education based on the rehabilitation platform on patients in remission stage of BD. Results:After 6 months of intervention, MARS scores in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(8.47±1.75) vs (7.47±1.85)], and was significantly higher than that at baseline (7.36±2.13) and after 3 months of intervention (8.04±1.68) (all P<0.05). YMRS and PDD scores in the test group were significantly lower than those at baseline after 3 and 6 months of intervention [YMRS, 2.0(1.0,4.0),2.0(0,3.0) vs 3.0(1.0,5.5); PDD, (31.18±4.65), (30.13±4.76) vs (32.51±4.51)] (all P<0.05); the differences in YMRS and PDD scores in the control group were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in HAMD scores between the two groups before and after the intervention (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Combining mental health education based on rehabilitation platform with conventional medication and community management can significantly improve the medication compliance of patients with BD in remission stage, and improve their manic symptoms and reduce the stigma of the disease.

A 20-year-old male patient presented with myalgia of upper limbs and myasthenia of extremities for more than 1 month. Physical examination showed diffuse erythema on the cheeks, upper eyelids, upper chest, neck and dorsa of the hands. The myodynamia of the proximal and distal muscles of upper and lower extremities was grade Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅲ and Ⅴ respectively. Laboratory examinations revealed that the serum levels of creatine kinase, CK-MB and lactate dehydrogenase were 2103 U/L, 83 U/L and 489 U/L respectively, which were all above the normal range. Electromyogram revealed myopathic abnormality and normal nerve conduction velocity. Histopathology of gastrocnemius muscle showed hypertrophy and swelling of muscle fibers, disappearance or fuzziness of transverse striation, and intermuscular lymphoid cell infiltration. A biopsy of the skin lesion from the upper chest showed liquefaction degeneration of and colloid bodies in basal cell layer, perivascular lymphoid cell infiltration in the dermis. A diagnosis of dermatomyositis was established based on the clinical and laboratory findings. After management with intravenous prednisolone 80 mg once daily and symptomatic treatment for 4 weeks, the myodynamia of upper limbs was improved, serum levels of creatine kinase,CK-MB and lactate dehydrogenase reached the normal ranges. However, the myodynamia of lower limbs progressively deteriorated with the emergence of paresthesia. Enhanced MRI scan showed a tumor in the vertebral canal at the level of thoracic vertebra 11 to 12. A spherical encapsulated tumor measuring 3 cm in diameter was surgically removed. The tumor was diagnosed as paraganglioma in vertebral canal according to pathological and immunohistochemical findings. The patient was finally diagnosed with paraganglioma in vertebral canal superimposed on dermatomyositis.