Dry eye disease(DED)is a common ocular surface disorder worldwide, primarily characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, and frequently associated with meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD), decreased tear film stability, ocular discomfort, and visual impairment. In recent years, factors such as the widespread use of digital devices,the aging population, and environmental changes have contributed to a significant increase in its global prevalence, making it a major public health concern. Red light therapy(RLT), also known as low-level laser therapy(LLLT)or photobiomodulation(PBM), is a non-invasive treatment that utilizes low-energy red or near-infrared light to irradiate tissues. It exerts photobiomodulatory effects to promote cellular repair and functional recovery. This therapy has demonstrated considerable potential in treating various ocular conditions. Its broader clinical application could improve therapeutic outcomes, alleviate patient discomfort and financial burden, and reduce the consumption of healthcare resources, thereby yielding significant socio-economic benefits. This paper systematically reviews the multifaceted mechanisms and application prospects of RLT in managing DED, including its anti-inflammatory effects, improvement of meibomian gland function, promotion of conjunctival goblet cell repair, and alleviation of visual fatigue, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and practical reference for its clinical adoption.

Background: Adrenocortical hormones, particularly 11-oxygenated androgens, are pivotal in female reproductive health and fertility. Standardized detection kits and population-specific reference intervals are lacking in China, hindering related clinical applications. Methods: A HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) pipeline was developed, rigorously validated, and applied to simultaneously quantify corticosterone, cortisone, cortisol, 18-OH cortisol, androstenedione (A4), 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (11-OH A4), dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in serum samples from 455 reproductive-aged women (18–45 yrs) in Guangxi, China. Age-dependent concentration trends were analyzed, and reference intervals stratified by age (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles) were established. Correlations with body-composition metrics, ethnicity, and the menstrual cycle were investigated. Results: The HPLC-MS/MS method demonstrated high precision (intra- and inter-assay CVs < 15%), accuracy, and sensitivity. All eight hormones exhibited significant age-related declines (P < 0.001 for seven hormones; P = 0.001 for 11-OH A4). Notably, 11-OH A4 levels were significantly lower in the 35–45-yr (3.05 nmol/L) and 25–34-yr (3.09 nmol/L) age groups than in the 18–24-yr (3.57 nmol/L) age group, whereas no significant difference was observed between the 35–45-yr and 25–34-yr age groups. Weak negative correlations were observed between the body mass index and corticosterone and cortisone levels, whereas ethnicity and the menstrual cycle showed no significant associations with hormone levels. Conclusions We developed an HPLC-MS/MS-based method for simultaneously quantifying eight adrenocortical hormones, including 11-OH A4, and defined age-specific reference intervals for reproductive-aged Chinese women. These findings advance the clinical utility of adrenocortical hormones in diagnosing and managing reproductive disorders.

Objective:To propose a processing method of medical image segmentation based on U-Net network with residual connection under single source domain environment,so as to improve the limited diversity of data samples of medical image in the single-source domain environment.Methods:The medical image data under the single-source domain environment were amplified through image transformation,contrast adjustment,and noise addition.The U-Net network was used as the basic structure,and multiple residual connection modules were introduced to achieve reuse of feature.And then,the features at shallow layer were directly transmitted to deep layer,and features at different levels were utilized for segmentation.The input features were added to the features that were processed by partial network layers,thus better learned the features in the data,and constructed medical image segmentation model based on the U-Net network with residual connection.The segmentation model was trained by using the gradient descent method,and the combination of that and the Generalized Dice Loss(GDL)function.Results:The processing method of medical image segmentation based on the U-Net network can effectively achieve segmentation of medical image.Even under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions and facing to different types of segmentation tasks of medical image,the DSC value was greater than 0.90.Conclusion:The processing method of medical image segmentation based on the U-Net network in this study can effectively enhance recognition ability for the features of complex lesions,and increase the segmentation precise of medical images,and improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment.

This study was a single-center retrospective study, to investigate the correlation between the relative level of miR-200a in exfoliated cells of peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent and clinical indicators of peritoneal function in PD patients. Clinical data of PD patients who underwent treatment in the Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, from January 2024 to December 2024 were collected, and the relative level of miR-200a in exfoliated cells of PD effluent was assessed. Patients were divided into three groups according to dialysis duration (Group A:≤1 year; Group B:>1 to <5 years; Group C:≥5 years), and differences in clinical data among the groups were compared. The correlation between the relative level of miR-200a and serum albumin, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, the neutrophil/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, the monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, the lymphocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and 24-hour urine volume in PD patients was analyzed. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in gender, age, creatinine clearance rate, or Kt/V (all P>0.05). However, statistically significant differences were found among the three groups in peritoneal transport type ( χ2=13.518, P=0.001) and ultrafiltration volume ( H=6.905, P=0.032). Based on the 4-hour PD effluent creatinine/blood creatinine in the peritoneal equilibration test, patients were divided into the low transporter/low average transporter group (L group) and the high transporter/high average transporter group (H group). A statistically significant difference in the relative level of miR-200a was observed between the two groups [11.70 (1.09, 20.49) vs. 0.73 (0.46, 1.98), t=4.545, P<0.001]. The relative level of miR-200a was positively correlated with ultrafiltration volume and 24-hour urine output ( r=0.328, P=0.030; r=0.516, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with dialysis vintage ( r=-0.496, P<0.001). These results indicate that miR-200a level in PD effluent may, to some extent, reflect patients' peritoneal membrane function.

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effect of Job's tears oral solution on lung cancer mice.Methods Observe the histopathological morphology of the tumor;Flow cytometry detected the changes in the levels of CD4+T and CD8+T in splenic lymphocytes;Elisa detected the contents of immunoglobulins IgA,IgG,IL-2 and IFN-γ;Blood routine was detected;the kit determined the levels of liver and kidney glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)content;Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALB),azelaic transaminase(AST),urea nitrogen(BUN),and blood creatinine(CRE)were measured in each group of mice.The transcriptome was found differential genes and pathway enrichment was performed.Western blot was used to detect the expression of proteins related to IL-17 signaling pathway(STAT3,NF-κB,VEGF)and TNF signaling pathway(PI3K/AKT,MAPK,JNK).Results Tumor histopathological and morphological changes were obvious in each administration group,and the heterogeneity was gradually reduced.Compared with the cisplatin group,the levels of CD4+T,CD8+T,CD4+T/CD8+T,IL-2,IFN-γ,and IgG in the Job's tears group were significantly increased(P<0.01).The blood routine results:compared with the model group,WBC,RBC,HGB,PLT,Lym%and GR%in the Job's tears group decreased significantly(P<0.01);Compared with the cisplatin group,WBC,RBC,PLT,HGB and Lym%in the Job's tears group increased significantly(P<0.01).The antioxidant indexes of liver and kidney showed that the levels of GSH and SOD in the liver and kidney tissues of the Job's tears group increased significantly(P<0.01),and the level of MDA decreased significantly(P<0.01).Effects on liver and kidney function indexes in mice AST,ALT,BUN and CRE decreased significantly in the Job's tears group(P<0.01),and ALB level increased significantly in the Job's tears group(P<0.01).Transcriptome results,Job's tears high-dose group mainly exerted anti-tumor effects by affecting TNF signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway.Western blot results,in the IL-17 signaling pathway,S-TAT3 and VEGF decreased in the cisplatin group and the Job's tears group compared with the model group(P<0.01),and NF-κB decreased in the Job's tears high-dose group(P<0.01);Compared with the cisplatin group,STAT3 and NF-κB were decreased in the Job's tears group(P<0.01);VEGF was decreased in the Job's tears low-dose group(P<0.01);In the TNF signaling pathway,PI3K and MAPK were decreased in the cisplatin group and Job's tears group(P<0.01);AKT and P-AKT were decreased in the Job's tears group(P<0.01).Compared with the cisplatin group,the Job's tears group AKT,PI3K,and MAPK decreased(P<0.01);P-AKT decreased in the high dose group of Job's tears(P<0.01).Conclusion High-dose Job's tears oral solution inhibits tumor proliferation,attenuates inflammatory response,enhances immunity,improves blood routine and reduces liver and kidney injury in lung cancer mice mainly by inhibiting IL-17 and TNF signaling pathway.

Ferroptosis has received great attention as an iron-dependent programmed cell death for efficient cancer therapy. However, with the accumulation of iron in tumor cells, the antioxidant system is activated by reducing glutathione (GSH) with glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which critically limits the ferroptosis therapeutic effect. Herein, an iron and GPX4 silencing siRNA (siGPX4) co-encapsulated ferritin nanocage (HFn@Fe/siGPX4) was developed to enhance ferroptosis by disruption of redox homeostasis and inhibition of antioxidant enzyme synergistically. The siGPX4 were loaded into the nanocages by pre-incubated with iron, which could significantly improve the loading efficiency of the gene drugs when compared with the reported gene drug loading strategy by ferritin nanocages. And more iron was overloaded into the ferritin through the diffusion method. When HFn@Fe/siGPX4 was taken up by human breast cancer cell MCF-7 in a TfR1-mediated pathway, the excess iron ions in the drug delivery system could for one thing induce ferroptosis by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), for another promote siGPX4 escaping from the lysosome to exert gene silencing effect more effectively. Both the in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that HFn@Fe/siGPX4 could significantly inhibit tumor growth by synergistical ferroptosis. Thus, the developed HFn@Fe/siGPX4 afforded a combined ferroptosis strategy for ferroptosis-based antitumor as well as a novel and efficient gene drug delivery system.

Primary pulmonary nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare and highly aggressive thoracic malignancy that poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in clinical practice. This tumor is characterized by its heterogeneous clinical presentations and poor prognosis, often evading accurate initial diagnosis. In this study, we present two cases of primary pulmonary NMC treated with an integrated therapeutic approach combining anti-angiogenic agents, platinum-based chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. This multimodal strategy achieved survival durations of 32 and 13 months, respectively, surpassing the currently reported median survival of advanced NMC. Through a systematic literature review of reported cases, we have summarized the currently used diagnostic methods and treatment modalities for NMC. Our findings suggest that multimodal therapy incorporating anti-angiogenic treatment may offer superior clinical outcomes compared to conventional monotherapy regimens, particularly for patients who are not eligible for surgery. This comprehensive investigation enhances our understanding of NMC management by elucidating diagnostic pitfalls through histopathological correlation and proposing an effective therapeutic combination that demonstrates improved survival outcomes. By providing valuable insights into the diagnosis and treatment of primary pulmonary NMC, we hope to contribute to the development of more effective strategies for managing this rare and aggressive malignancy.
Humans ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Carcinoma/therapy* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Nuclear Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins ; Neoplasm Proteins

Objective:To explore the effects of Baduanjin and brisk walking on the sleep quality among fe-male college students.Methods:Ninety female college students with poor sleep quality[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)≥ 8]were recruited randomly assigned to Baduanjin,brisk walking,and control groups,with 30 par-ticipants in each.The Baduanjin and brisk walking groups participated in 10-week intervention(five 45-minute ses-sions per week),while the control group did not receive any intervention.Baseline and post-intervention assessments were conducted using the PSQI,a lung capacity test,echocardiography,and the Fatigue Scale(FS-14).Results:Af-ter 10 weeks,participants in both the Baduanjin and brisk walking groups got significantly lower PSQI and FS-14 total scores compared to baseline(Ps＜0.001).Cardiopulmonary function indicators,including stroke volume(SV),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1.0),the vital capacity-to-body mass index(VC/W),and maximum voluntary ventilation per minute(MVV),also significantly improved(Ps＜0.001).Furthermore,the Baduanjin group had significantly lower PSQI and FS-14 scores than both the brisk walking and control groups(P＜0.001),along with superior improvements in cardiopulmonary function(P＜0.001).Conclusion:This study in-dicates that Baduanjin is particularly effective in improving sleep quality,cardiopulmonary function,and reducing fatigue among female college students,showing advantages over brisk walking.