Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) for sciatic nerve block in mice.Methods:Twenty-four healthy adult male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 25-30 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: 1.33% LB 80 μl group (group A), 1.33% LB 40 μl group (group B), 0.66% LB 80 μl group (group C), and 0.66% LB 40 μl group (group D). The sciatic nerve block was performed using the corresponding concentration of LB or the equal volume of LB in each group. The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured using Von Frey filaments immediately after sciatic nerve block, at 5 min of block, and every 1 h until MWT recovered to the baseline level. The sciatic nerve block time-MWT curve was plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). Results:The time-MWT curves exhibited similar bimodal characteristics in each group. From the time point immediately after the blockade to the first MWT peak after the blockade, there were no statistically significant differences in the AUC among the four groups ( P>0.05). From the first MWT peak to the first trough, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05). From the first trough to the second MWT peak, there was no significant difference in the AUC between A group and D group ( P>0.05), and the AUC was significantly greater in B and C groups than in A and D groups ( P<0.05). From the second MWT peak to the baseline level, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the AUC among B, C and D groups ( P>0.05). In the total duration of the sciatic nerve block, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the AUC between B group and C group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:LB exhibits characteristic bimodal changes when used for sciatic nerve block; higher concentrations and volume of LB result in stronger and longer-lasting block effects in mice.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) for sciatic nerve block in mice.Methods:Twenty-four healthy adult male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 25-30 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: 1.33% LB 80 μl group (group A), 1.33% LB 40 μl group (group B), 0.66% LB 80 μl group (group C), and 0.66% LB 40 μl group (group D). The sciatic nerve block was performed using the corresponding concentration of LB or the equal volume of LB in each group. The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured using Von Frey filaments immediately after sciatic nerve block, at 5 min of block, and every 1 h until MWT recovered to the baseline level. The sciatic nerve block time-MWT curve was plotted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). Results:The time-MWT curves exhibited similar bimodal characteristics in each group. From the time point immediately after the blockade to the first MWT peak after the blockade, there were no statistically significant differences in the AUC among the four groups ( P>0.05). From the first MWT peak to the first trough, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05). From the first trough to the second MWT peak, there was no significant difference in the AUC between A group and D group ( P>0.05), and the AUC was significantly greater in B and C groups than in A and D groups ( P<0.05). From the second MWT peak to the baseline level, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the AUC among B, C and D groups ( P>0.05). In the total duration of the sciatic nerve block, the AUC was significantly greater in A group than in B, C and D groups and in B and C groups than in D group ( P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the AUC between B group and C group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:LB exhibits characteristic bimodal changes when used for sciatic nerve block; higher concentrations and volume of LB result in stronger and longer-lasting block effects in mice.

The widespread application of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy in clinical practice presents the challenges for management and prevention of virus infection during the therapy. The paper reviews the risk factors of virus infection for patients during CAR-T cell immunotherapy, summarizes virus infection after treatment and proposes the strategies for infection prevention and treatment.

Objective:To investigate the significance of clinical factors combined with transvaginal ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in guiding the choice of treatment plan for cesarean scar pregnancy(CSP).Methods:The clinical and transvaginal ultrasound and CEUS data of 120 patients with CSP from January 2016 to June 2021 in the First People′s Hospital of Foshan were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into ultrasound-guided curettage/ hysteroscopic group (Group A, 91 cases) and laparoscopic group (Group B, 29 cases) according to treatment option, and the differences in clinical and ultrasound factors between the two groups were compared, and to determine the relevant clinical and ultrasound indicators for the choice of treatment option.Results:There were statistical differences between the 2 groups in comparison of whether the gestational sac/mass protruded toward the plasma membrane, gestational sac/mass diameter, the main blood supply site of the gestational sac/mass, the site of the chorion/early placenta and scar thickness (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that CEUS showing major blood supply site of the gestational sac/mass ( OR=6.029, P=0.003) and uterine scar thickness ( OR=12.998, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for minimally invasive surgery for CSP. Conclusions:Ultrasound combined with clinical factors have a certain value in the selection of treatment options for CPS, and the thickness of the uterine scar and the main blood supply site of the gestational sac/mass showed in CEUS may be key factors affecting the minimally invasive surgical treatment of CSP.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of electroacupuncture at Baihuanshu (BL30) and Huiyang (BL55) for chronic prostatitis. Method Ninety patients were divided into an acupuncture-medication group and a Chinese medication group, 45 in each group, to respectively receive electroacupuncture at Baihuanshu and Huiyang plus oral administration of Chinese medication, and single Chinese medication treatment, 4 weeks as a treatment course. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by adopting the Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index by National Institutes of Health (NIH-CPSI). Result The general score of NIH-CPSI dropped in both groups after intervention (P＜0.05), while the decrease in the acupuncture-medication group was more significant (P＜0.05), and it had a significantly higher therapeutic efficacy than the Chinese medication group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture at Baihuanshu and Huiyang can significantly improve the symptoms of chronic prostatitis, and it’s superior to oral administration of Chinese medication in comparing the clinical efficacy.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of biological mesh during female anterior pelvic organ reconstruction.Methods The 68 consecutive women with symptomatic anterior vaginal wall prolapse in Beijing hospital from January 2010 to June 2013 were divided into two groups:6 cases underwent anterior vaginal wall repair with biological mesh,and 32 cases underwent vaginal approach to paravaginal repair.Preoperative and postoperative pelvic evaluations were performed with the POP-Q system.Patients were followed up at 1,3,6,12,24 months after operation.Objective cure was defined if the lateral sulci of the anterior vaginal walls were at grade 0 and firmly apposed to the lateral pelvic sidewalls.Results Among 68 patients,38 had grade Ⅲ and 30 had grade Ⅳ anterior vaginal wall prolapse.In all patients the anterior vaginal repair was performed successfully.The indexes of operation time,amount of bleeding,the postoperative retention time of catheter and hospital stay had no difference between biological mesh and vaginal approach groups [(88.1±18.3)min vs.(88.0±17.4)min,(140.3±77.6) ml vs.(141.3±64.9) ml,(5.30±1.79) d vs.(4.90±2.34) d,(5.53±2.00)d vs.(5.50±2.08)d,t=0.01,0.05,0.64,0.06,respectively,all P＞0.05].No complication happened during and after operation.No one relapsed in biological mesh group and 4 cases relapsed in paravaginal repair group.The relapse rate between two groups is statistically different(x2 =4.79,P＜0.05).Conclusions The anterior vaginal repair with biological mesh is effective during female anterior pelvic organ reconstruction,but the long-term outcome of biological mesh in pelvic floor construction needs further study.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of electrical pudendal nerve stimulation (EPNS) in treating female stress urinary incontinence.Methods Thirty-five female patients with stress urinary incontinence were enrolled from May 2006 to April 2008.The average age was (54.9±9.7) years,the duration of incontinence was (74.1 ±45.6) months,the maximum urethral closure pressure was (63.7± 15.9) cm H2O,functional urethral length was (2.34±0.72) cm and bladder neck mobility was (1.23±0.76) cm.Long acupuncture needles were deeply inserted into four sacral points,which were located by the two edges of the sacrum on a level with the fourth sacral foramina and bilaterally to the tip of the coccyx.The needles were electrified (continuous waves,a frequency of 2.5 Hz,an intensity of 45-55 mA and 60 min once) to stimulate the pudendal nerves.When EPNS was performed,perineal ultrasonographic B-mode movements of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM),M-mode curves indicating the PFM contractions,vaginal pressure (VP) and PFM electromyogram were recorded simultaneously.Results When EPNS was performed correctly,the patient felt strong PFM contractions.Simultaneous records showed:1)B-mode cranio-caudal PFM movements; 2) M-mode PFM movement curves (amplitude:about 1 mm,n=31 ; in the other four patients,the M-mode curves were not obvious) ; 3) a sawtooth curve of VP changes (2.61±1.29 cm H2O,n=34); 4) PFM myoelectric waves (amplitude:23.9±25.3 μV).If during the EPNS process the electric current was stopped or its intensity was reduced or the two lower needles were drawn back 1-2 cm,then the above ultrasonographic PFM movements and VP changes disappeared.In the 35 patients,the ICI-Q-SF score was 12.9±2.9 before treatment and decreased to 3.5±3.3 after 27.5± 11.9 sessions of treatment (P＜0.01).Twenty-five patients with ≥50％ symptom improvement at the end of treatment were followed up for 24-72 months (mean 50),and 19 cases had ≥ 50％ symptom improvement during the period of follow-up,including complete symptoms resolution in 10 cases.Conclusion EPNS can contract the PFMs and simulate PFM training to treat female stress incontinence.

To investigate the clinical efficacy of point Houxi(SI 3) electroacupuncture for treating acute lumbar sprain. Methods:Three hundred patients with acute lumbar sprain were randomly grouped with a random number table. The electroacupuncture group was treated by electro-acupuncture at point Houxi (SI 3) and the medication group,with meloxicam.Results:A comparison of the short-term effects showed that the efficacy rate was 97.3% in the electroacupuncture group and 89.3% in the medication group. The average rank of the short-term effect score was lower in the electroacupuncture group than in the medication group (P＜0.01);there was a significant difference between the two groups. A comparison of the long-term effect showed that the efficacy rate was 99.3% in the electroacupuncture group and 93.2% in the medication group. The average rank of the long-term effect score was lower in the electroacupuncture group than in the medication group (P＜0.01);there was a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion:Both point Houxi (SI 3) electroacupuncture and meloxicam have a marked effect on acute lumbar sprain,but the short-term and long-term effects are better in the electroacupuncture group than in the medication group.

Seventy-two patients were treated by alignment acupuncture along the FootTaiyang muscle region plus movable cupping. After two courses of treatment, cure occurred in 60 cases, improvement in 8 cases and ineffectiveness in 4 cases, with a total efficacy rate of 94.4%.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy ofmassotherapy plus warming acupuncture for treatment of patellar malacia. Methods: Seventy-two patients with patellar malacia were randomly divided into observation and control groups, treated by massotherapy plus warming acupuncture and simple medication, respectively. Results: The effective rate was 83.3% in the observation group and 56.7% in the control group. There was a significant difference in curative effect between the two groups (P＜0.01). Conclusion: The curative effect of massotherapy plus warming acupuncture on patellar malacia is superior to that of simple medication.