Objective: To explore the long term trend of forced vital capacity to weight index (FWI) among Chinese Han students aged 7-18 from 2000 to 2019, and to predict its changes over the next decade, so as to provide scientific evidences for targeted health interventions and school health policies. Methods: Based on the data of the five Chinese National Surveys on Students Constitution and Health conducted from 2000 to 2019, a total of 216 500, 233 565, 215 267, 214 256 and 212 632 Han students aged 7-18 were included, respectively. The long term trend of FWI among students was analyzed, and the GM (1,1) grey model was used to predict FWI changes over the next decade. Subgroup analyses were conducted by sex, age, and urban-rural residence. Results: The FWI levels of Chinese Han students aged 7-18 were (55.30±11.47)(47.43±11.92)(48.11±12.46)(48.75±12.81)(50.93±13.11)mL/kg in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2019, respectively. The FWI of Chinese Han students showed a decreasing then increasing trend from 2000 to 2019, reaching the lowest point of approximately 47.03 mL/kg around 2006, and was projected to recover to 52.88 mL/kg by 2029. Boys had higher FWI for each year and the total level than girls from 2000 to 2019( t =72.58-304.66), and the decline between 2000 and 2005 was smaller in boys (13.1%) than in girls (15.4%). However, the gender gap gradually narrowed and was projected to reduce to 5.36 mL/kg by 2029. FWI increased with age, with the largest difference observed in 2014 between the 7-9 and 16-18 age groups (8.62 mL/kg). Before 2014, urban boys had slightly lower FWI than rural boys; the gap narrowed thereafter, and their FWI levels were expected to become similar by 2029. Urban girls generally had higher FWI than rural girls, and the urban-rural gap showed an increasing trend. By 2029, the largest difference was projected to occur in the 13-15 age group, reaching 7.74 mL/kg. Conclusions The FWI of Chinese Han students showed a trend of initial decline followed by a gradual increase from 2000 to 2019, with notable differences across sex, age, and urban-rural residence. Greater attention should be paid to the respiratory health of rural girls, and effective measures should be taken to reduce urban-rural disparities.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for the development of postoperative infective endophthalmitis in elderly cataract patients and to establish a nomogram model.Methods:Five hundred patients who underwent ultrasonic cataract aspiration in Hainan Provincial People′s Hospital from October 2020 to March 2021 were collected for the study. The patients were divided into infective endophthalmitis group (50 cases) and non-infection group (450 cases) according to whether infective endophthalmitis occurred. The clinical data of patients in both groups were recorded, and relevant factors affecting the occurrence of infective endophthalmitis were analyzed; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of indicators with statistically significant differences for the occurrence of infective endophthalmitis; Logistic regression was used to analyze independent risk factors for postoperative infective endophthalmitis; R language software 4.0 "rms" package to construct a nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of infective endophthalmitis, calibration and decision curves for internal validation and assessment of predictive efficacy.Results:Compared to the non-infected endophthalmitis group, patients in the infected endophthalmitis group were older: (70.44 ± 9.46) years vs. (64.54 ± 6.02) years, with longer hospital stay: (3.34 ± 0.92) d vs. (2.53 ± 0.78) d, longer surgical time: (62.58 ± 6.78) min vs. (56.69 ± 4.31) min; hypertension: 72.00% (36/50) vs. 48.89% (220/450), diabetes mellitus: 66.00% (33/50) vs. 33.33% (150/450), vitreous overflow: 78.00% (39/50) vs. 48.89% (220/450), and a higher percentage of posterior lens capsule rupture: 82.00% (41/50) vs. 53.33% (240/450), with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). The area under curve for age, length of hospital stay, and operative time were 0.709, 0.744 and 0.757, respectively; the best cutoff values were 69 years, 3.27 d and 62.75 min. The age (>69 years), diabetes mellitus (yes), surgical incision location (clear cornea), operative time (>62.75 min), vitreous overflow (yes), and posterior lens capsule rupture (yes) were independent risk factors for postoperative infective endophthalmitis in elderly cataract patients. the C-index of the nomogram model for predicting infective endophthalmitis was 0.675 (95% CI 0.653 to 0.724) with a threshold>0.18. The nomogram model provided a net clinical benefit and all of the nomogram model net clinical benefits were higher than the independent predictors. Conclusions:The nomogram model constructed based on age, diabetes, surgical incision location, time of surgery, vitreous overflow and posterior lens capsule rupture can be used for early identification of risk factors for postoperative infective endophthalmitis in clinical elderly cataract patients, with good clinical efficacy.

Objective To observe the metabolomic changes of amniotic fluid in control group and administration group,and to explore the toxicity of aqueous extract of rhubarb on reproduction and embryonic development of pregnant rats.Methods Pregnant rats in teratogenic sensitive period were given rhubarb aqueous extract by gavage for 10 days.The toxicity of rhubarb to maternal rats and the abnormal conditions of dead fetus and absorbed fetus were observed.The amniotic fluid samples were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),the amniotic fluid metabolic profiles were compared by principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares(OPLS-DA),and the differential lipids were analyzed by metaboanalyst 5.0.Results Rhubarb administration in the teratogenic sensitive period can significantly reduce the number of live fetuses,and lead to adverse phenomena such as absorption of fetuses and premature death of fetuses.The preliminary results of lipomics showed that rhubarb could cause the metabolic disorder of amniotic fluid in pregnant rats,and there were metabolic abnormalities in lipids in amniotic fluid such as PI,PC and LPC.Conclusion Under the equivalent dose of the maximum dose recommended by the clinic,the aqueous extract of rhubarb has certain reproductive and embryonic toxicity to rats;Rhubarb may affect the normal development of rat embryos by causing the disorder of lipid metabolism in amniotic fluid.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could be differentiated into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with notable advantages over iPSCs per se. In order to promote the application of iPSC-MSCs for osteoregenerative medicine, the present study aimed to assess the ability of murine iPSC-MSCs to differentiate into osteoblast phenotype. METHODS: Osteogenic differentiation medium, blending mouse osteoblast-conditioned medium (CM) with basic medium (BM) at ratio 3:7, 5:5 and 7:3, were administered to iPSC-MSCs, respectively. After 14 days, differentiation was evaluated by lineage-specific morphology, histological stain, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining. RESULTS: The osteogenesis-related genes, alp, runx2, col1 and ocn expressions suggest that culture medium consisting of CM:BM at the ratio of 3:7 enhanced the osteogenic differentiation more than other concentrations that were tested. In addition, the alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic marker Runx2 expression demonstrate that the combination of CM and BM significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of iPSC-MSCs. CONCLUSION: In summary, this study has shown that osteoblast-derived CM can dramatically enhance osteogenic differentiation of iPSC-MSCs toward osteoblasts. Results from this work will contribute to optimize the osteogenic induction conditions of iPSC-MSCs and will assist in the potential application of iPSC-MSCs for bone tissue engineering.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Bone and Bones ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Mice ; Osteoblasts ; Phenotype