Objective:To construct the rpoN gene knockout strain (Δ rpoN) and the complemented strain (CΔ rpoN) of Vibrio vulnificus ( V. vulnificus), and investigate the role of the rpoN gene in regulating bacterial motility and biofilm formation. Methods:The Δ rpoN strain of V. vulnificus was constructed using homologous recombination. Bacterial motility was assessed via swimming assays, and flagellar morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Biofilm formation capacity was evaluated using crystal violet and Congo red staining assays, as well as colony morphology analysis. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect mRNA levels of target genes associated with flagellar synthesis and biofilm formation in Δ rpoN and the wild-type strains. Results:The V. vulnificus genome harbored a single rpoN gene, encoding a protein with high amino acid sequence similarity to RpoN homologs in other bacterial species. The Δ rpoN strain was successfully constructed. Compared with the wild-type strain, the Δ rpoN strain exhibited complete loss of motility on soft agar plates, absence of flagellar, and downregulated mRNA levels of flagellar synthesis-related genes. Conclusions:In V. vulnificus, RpoN regulates flagellar assembly by modulating the expression of flagellar synthesis genes, thereby controlling bacterial motility and biofilm formation.

Objective In order to investigate the patients'medical experiences,willingness to use online diagnosis and treatment in the context of"Internet+medical health",and the factors influencing these choice of medical channels.Methods We conducted an online and offline sampling survey through a questionnaire.1 215 questionnaires were distributed,and 1 010 were valid.After looking at the basic details of the survey participants,we used a logistic regression model to find out what affects patients'willingness to see a doctor online.Results Whether patients have solved their own problem,and the degree of help on the Internet play a significant role in the willingness to recommend Internet diagnosis and treatment.In addition,with the de-crease of age,the improvement of education level,the increase of economic development level of the city where the respondents live,and the decrease of medical expenditure in the past year,residents'willingness to use Internet diagnosis and treatment will show a gradually increasing trend.Conclusion Internet diagnosis and treatment in the future still need to further meet the needs of multi-group medical services,improve and perfect service quality and medical insurance management,to achieve"full node"coverage,"full chain"supervision.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of a remote medication treatment management model for elderly patients with chronic disease at home based on mobile technology.Methods A convenient and elderly-friendly mo-bile application(hereinafter referred to as Yaoshiyi APP)was developed,and a remote medication treatment management team consisting of clinical pharmacists from tertiary hospitals,community pharmacists,and community physicians was formed.Patients from communities were selected for practical research,led by pharmacists.Based on the Yaoshiyi APP,patients were subjected to 6 months of medication treatment management practice,and the effectiveness and feasibility of the practice were evaluated.Re-sults The Yaoshiyi APP can be integrated with a variety of medical-grade wearable devices to realize the functions of automati-cally uploading monitoring data,abnormal value reminding,medication reminding,medication consultation,and medication sci-ence popularization.A total of 302 elderly patients with chronic disease at home completed the study.The results showed that phar-macists have identified and intervened in 695 cases of medication-related problems.According to the classification of medication-related problems,the top three were 247 cases(35.5％)of additional treatment,97 cases(14.0％)of unnecessary drug treat-ment,and 93 cases(13.4％)of medication compliance problems.The patient's medication adherence score(Morisky medication adherence scale-8,MMAS-8)increased from(5.85±1.57)at enrollment to(6.74±1.23)6 months after enrollment(P＜0.01).After 6 months of enrollment,the patient's satisfaction with the pharmacist's work reached a score of(4.99±0.08)out of 5.The average reduction in drug costs for patients caused by pharmacists intervening in irrational medication is(20.9±18.0)％.At the end of follow-up,93.4％of patients were proficient in using the Yaoshiyi APP.Conclusion The remote medication treatment management model for elderly patients with chronic disease at home based on mobile technology constructed in this study can ef-fectively improve patient compliance with disease monitoring and medication,ensure rational drug use,reduce medical resource waste,and receive high patient acceptance.

Objective To investigate their potential differences in brain functional characteristics from a neuroimaging perspective,functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)was employed.Methods Twenty chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS)patients were recruited and underwent assessments of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome patterns,fatigue severity scores,and resting-state fMRI scans.First,correlation analysis was performed between fatigue scores and TCM symptom scores.Symptom clusters significantly associated with fatigue were categorized into spleen deficiency and liver stagnation groups.Principal component analysis(PCA)was then applied to identify the dominant symptom components for each group.These components were subsequently mapped onto whole-brain functional activity to compare the neural signatures between the two syndromes.Finally,the brain functional profiles of spleen deficiency and liver stagnation were compared with publicly available neurotransmitter receptor maps to explore their distinct neurochemical substrates.Results Symptoms correlated with fatigue severity included exhaustion,dizziness,chest tightness,bitter taste in the mouth,epigastric fullness,poor appetite,irritability,lumbar soreness,sallow complexion,dry eyes,and five-center-heat.The brain mapping results revealed that spleen deficiency-related symptoms(poor appetite,sallow complexion,reduced food intake,dizziness)were primarily associated with the left thalamus and left parahippocampal gyrus.Liver stagnation-related symptoms(dry eyes,chest tightness,irritability,bitter taste)were linked to the left parahippocampal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus(lingual region).The functional brain spectrum of the two syndromes showed significant negative correlations.Moreover,the spleen deficiency spectrum was closely associated with vesicular acetylcholine transporter(VAChT)receptor density.The liver stagnation spectrum correlated with D2 dopamine receptor density.Both spectrums were significantly related to glucose metabolic density but exhibited opposing directional trends.Conclusion CFS patients with spleen deficiency and liver stagnation demonstrate distinct central functional activities and neurochemical substrates,along with opposing brain activity patterns.Clinically,differentiating between these two syndrome patterns is critical for applying targeted TCM interventions.

Objective·To establish Downs cephalometric norms for the Han Chinese aged 18-25 with harmonious faces,and to analyze gender and regional characteristics.Methods·A stratified sampling approach was used to recruit participants from seven geographic regions across China.Over 30 000 volunteers were screened,and 883 participants with harmonious faces were ultimately included.Basic demographic data were collected,and lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken.Hard tissue measurements were performed with Downs analysis(using anatomical porion).The data were then statistically analyzed to compare gender and regional differences in dentofacial structures.Results·The gender differences in the four hard tissue measurements,the angle of convexity,A-B plane angle,mandibular plane angle,and occlusal plane angle,were statistically significant(P＜0.001).Females showed larger values for the angle of convexity,mandibular plane angle,and occlusal plane angle,but smaller values for the A-B plane angle,compared to males.The gender differences in the interincisal angle,L1 to occlusal plane,L1 to mandibular plane,and U1 to AP plane were not statistically significant.There were regional differences in all 10 measurements of Downs analysis,though some regions shared common features.Specifically,the northeastern,eastern,and southern coastal regions exhibited a smaller facial angle,and larger mandibular plane angle,angle of convexity,occlusal plane angle,and U1 to AP plane.It suggested that,compared to inland regions,individuals from coastal regions tended to have more retrusive chins,steeper mandibular planes,more prominent upper incisors,and more convex hard tissue profiles.Conclusion·Gender differences exist in the dentofacial hard tissue structures of Han Chinese adults with harmonious faces,primarily in skeletal measurements.Each region has its unique dentofacial characteristics,along with some common features.These differences should be taken into account in clinical diagnosis and treatment for the development of personalized and precise therapeutic strategies.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of a remote medication treatment management model for elderly patients with chronic disease at home based on mobile technology.Methods A convenient and elderly-friendly mo-bile application(hereinafter referred to as Yaoshiyi APP)was developed,and a remote medication treatment management team consisting of clinical pharmacists from tertiary hospitals,community pharmacists,and community physicians was formed.Patients from communities were selected for practical research,led by pharmacists.Based on the Yaoshiyi APP,patients were subjected to 6 months of medication treatment management practice,and the effectiveness and feasibility of the practice were evaluated.Re-sults The Yaoshiyi APP can be integrated with a variety of medical-grade wearable devices to realize the functions of automati-cally uploading monitoring data,abnormal value reminding,medication reminding,medication consultation,and medication sci-ence popularization.A total of 302 elderly patients with chronic disease at home completed the study.The results showed that phar-macists have identified and intervened in 695 cases of medication-related problems.According to the classification of medication-related problems,the top three were 247 cases(35.5％)of additional treatment,97 cases(14.0％)of unnecessary drug treat-ment,and 93 cases(13.4％)of medication compliance problems.The patient's medication adherence score(Morisky medication adherence scale-8,MMAS-8)increased from(5.85±1.57)at enrollment to(6.74±1.23)6 months after enrollment(P＜0.01).After 6 months of enrollment,the patient's satisfaction with the pharmacist's work reached a score of(4.99±0.08)out of 5.The average reduction in drug costs for patients caused by pharmacists intervening in irrational medication is(20.9±18.0)％.At the end of follow-up,93.4％of patients were proficient in using the Yaoshiyi APP.Conclusion The remote medication treatment management model for elderly patients with chronic disease at home based on mobile technology constructed in this study can ef-fectively improve patient compliance with disease monitoring and medication,ensure rational drug use,reduce medical resource waste,and receive high patient acceptance.

ObjectiveTo analyze the diversity and structural characteristics of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased Andrographis paniculata and to explore the interactions of soil， plants， and microorganisms during the occurrence of diseases. MethodsThe physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased A.paniculata were determined， and the composition and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil were analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Furthermore， the correlations between physicochemical properties and microorganisms of the rhizosphere soil were explored. ResultsThe content of total nitrogen， total potassium， and available potassium in the rhizosphere soil of diseased A. paniculata was significantly higher than that of healthy A. paniculata. The alpha diversity and richness （operational taxonomic units） of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants decreased compared with those of healthy plants. The microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased A. paniculata showed similar composition but different relative abundance. At the phylum level， the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Chytridiomycota significantly increased， while that of Bacteroidota significantly decreased in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants. At the genus level， the relative abundance of Sphingomonas， Pseudomonas， and Bryobacter significantly increased， while that of RB41 showed a significant decrease in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants. The correlation analysis showed different correlations of microbial phyla with physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil between healthy and diseased plants. Organic matter， alkaline nitrogen， available phosphorus， and total potassium were correlated with the relative abundance of some dominant bacterial and fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants， while available nitrogen and total phosphorus were correlated with the relative abundance of some dominant bacterial and fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants. ConclusionThere are differences in the diversity and richness of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased A. paniculata. The physicochemical properties of soil may have an impact on the rhizosphere microorganisms of A. paniculata， leading to the development of diseases. The results provide a scientific basis for the prevention and ecological management of A. paniculata diseases.

ObjectiveTo analyze the diversity and structural characteristics of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased Andrographis paniculata and to explore the interactions of soil， plants， and microorganisms during the occurrence of diseases. MethodsThe physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased A.paniculata were determined， and the composition and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil were analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Furthermore， the correlations between physicochemical properties and microorganisms of the rhizosphere soil were explored. ResultsThe content of total nitrogen， total potassium， and available potassium in the rhizosphere soil of diseased A. paniculata was significantly higher than that of healthy A. paniculata. The alpha diversity and richness （operational taxonomic units） of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants decreased compared with those of healthy plants. The microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased A. paniculata showed similar composition but different relative abundance. At the phylum level， the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Chytridiomycota significantly increased， while that of Bacteroidota significantly decreased in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants. At the genus level， the relative abundance of Sphingomonas， Pseudomonas， and Bryobacter significantly increased， while that of RB41 showed a significant decrease in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants. The correlation analysis showed different correlations of microbial phyla with physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil between healthy and diseased plants. Organic matter， alkaline nitrogen， available phosphorus， and total potassium were correlated with the relative abundance of some dominant bacterial and fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants， while available nitrogen and total phosphorus were correlated with the relative abundance of some dominant bacterial and fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants. ConclusionThere are differences in the diversity and richness of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased A. paniculata. The physicochemical properties of soil may have an impact on the rhizosphere microorganisms of A. paniculata， leading to the development of diseases. The results provide a scientific basis for the prevention and ecological management of A. paniculata diseases.

ObjectiveTo elucidate the chemical composition of Danshenyin and its blood components in rats after oral administration. MethodsUltra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） coupled with PeakView 1.2 software was used to systematically characterize and identify the components of Danshenyin aqueous extract and its migratory components in rat blood after oral administration based on the retention time， quasi-molecular ion peaks， secondary fragmentation ions， and literature reports， and a preliminary compounds identification of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma aqueous extract， the co-decoction of Santali Albi Lignum and Amomi Fructus was carried out to attribute the chemical constituents of the aqueous extract of Danshenyin. ResultsA total of 73 compounds， including 21 phenolic acids， 23 diterpenes， 6 flavonoids， 7 organic acids， 3 volatile oils and 13 others， were identified from the aqueous extract of Danshenyin. And 36 prototypes and 15 metabolites were identified in rat plasma， the major metabolic pathways included reduction， hydration， hydroxylation， demethylation， methylation， sulfation and others， these metabolites were mainly derived from tanshinones and salvianolic acids. ConclusionThe main blood components of the aqueous extract of Danshenyin are salvianolic acids and tanshinones， which may be the material basis of the efficacy. This study can provide reference for pharmacological research， quality control， and clinical application of Danshenyin.

Objective To investigate their potential differences in brain functional characteristics from a neuroimaging perspective,functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)was employed.Methods Twenty chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS)patients were recruited and underwent assessments of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome patterns,fatigue severity scores,and resting-state fMRI scans.First,correlation analysis was performed between fatigue scores and TCM symptom scores.Symptom clusters significantly associated with fatigue were categorized into spleen deficiency and liver stagnation groups.Principal component analysis(PCA)was then applied to identify the dominant symptom components for each group.These components were subsequently mapped onto whole-brain functional activity to compare the neural signatures between the two syndromes.Finally,the brain functional profiles of spleen deficiency and liver stagnation were compared with publicly available neurotransmitter receptor maps to explore their distinct neurochemical substrates.Results Symptoms correlated with fatigue severity included exhaustion,dizziness,chest tightness,bitter taste in the mouth,epigastric fullness,poor appetite,irritability,lumbar soreness,sallow complexion,dry eyes,and five-center-heat.The brain mapping results revealed that spleen deficiency-related symptoms(poor appetite,sallow complexion,reduced food intake,dizziness)were primarily associated with the left thalamus and left parahippocampal gyrus.Liver stagnation-related symptoms(dry eyes,chest tightness,irritability,bitter taste)were linked to the left parahippocampal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus(lingual region).The functional brain spectrum of the two syndromes showed significant negative correlations.Moreover,the spleen deficiency spectrum was closely associated with vesicular acetylcholine transporter(VAChT)receptor density.The liver stagnation spectrum correlated with D2 dopamine receptor density.Both spectrums were significantly related to glucose metabolic density but exhibited opposing directional trends.Conclusion CFS patients with spleen deficiency and liver stagnation demonstrate distinct central functional activities and neurochemical substrates,along with opposing brain activity patterns.Clinically,differentiating between these two syndrome patterns is critical for applying targeted TCM interventions.