Objective To investigate the effects of the long noncoding RNA(lncRNA),KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1(KCNQ1OT1),on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells(hPDLSCs)by targeting miR-218.Methods HPDLSCs were cultured in vitro and randomly assigned into hPDLSC,LPS,pcDNA-KCNQ1OT1,pcDN A,miR-218,or miR-NC groups.Cell proliferation and alizarin red staining of the cells were observed.The activity of alkaline phos-phatase,the expression of KCNQ1OT1 and miR-218,the levels of interleukin-1 β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),and the expression of osteopontin(OPN),osteocalcin(OCN),Runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2),and bone morpho-genetic protein 2(BMP2)in cells were detected.A dual luciferase assay was performed to verify the relationship between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-218.Results Compared with the hPDLSC group,the cell proliferation rate,the alkaline phosphatase activity,and the expression of KCNQ1OT1,OPN,OCN,RUNX2,and BMP2 were significantly decreased,while the expression of miR-218 and the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α were significantly increased in the LPS group(P＜0.05).Compared with the pcDNA-KCNQ1OT1 group,all the above indicators had the same trend in the miR-218 group(P＜0.05).Compared with the LPS group,the cell proliferation rate,the alkaline phos-phatase activity,and the expression of KCNQ1OT1,OPN,OCN,RUNX2,and BMP2 were significantly increased,while the expression of miR-218 and the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α were significantly decreased in the pcDNA-KCNQ1OT1 group(P＜0.05).There was a targeting relationship between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-218.The luciferase activity in the KCNQ1OT1-WT+miR-218 group was significantly lower than that in the KCNQ1OT1-WT+miR-NC group(P＜0.05).Conclusion KCNQ1OT1 can downregulate miR-218 and promote LPS-induced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs.

Chronic glomerulonephritis （CGN） is a common clinical chronic glomerular disease caused by autoimmune reaction， the pathogenesis of which is complex and has not been fully elucidated. There is no specific treatment method in modern medicine. The establishment of an animal model of CGN in accordance with its characteristics in western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine will help to reveal the pathogenesis of CGN， rate drugs， and improve the treatment plan. Based on the clinical diagnostic criteria of CGN， the paper establishes the syndrome differentiation criteria of CGN for Chinese and western medicine. Through summarizing the literature on animal models of CGN and making a further analysis， it is found that the CGN models are mainly modeled using rats with the methods of single-factor induction or two-factor induction， and the main manifestation of the disease characteristics is nephritis-related symptoms. The single-factor-induced or two-factor-induced CGN rat models have a high fitting degree with the clinical characteristics in western medicine， but the fitting degree is insufficient with the clinical characteristics in traditional Chinese medicine. In addition， the CGN models with syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine are dominated by Qi deficiency in the spleen and kidney and Qi deficiency in the lung and kidney， while models for Yang deficiency in the spleen and kidney， Yin deficiency in the liver and kidney， and deficiency of both Qi and Yin are slightly insufficient. Therefore， it is important to prepare a new and improved animal model of CGN， so that a preclinical model can be provided for the exploration of the pathogenesis of CGN in western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine and its therapeutic research.

Objective:To explore the effect of Simo decoction improving the low duodenal inflammation and protecting the du-odenal mucosal barrier in rats with functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into control group(10 rats)and model group(50 rats),and the modeling rats were prepared by multivariate intervention method.After successful modeling,the modeling rats were randomly divided into model group,Simo decoction high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose group and mosapride group,with 10 rats in each group.The high-dose,medium-dose,and low-dose groups of Simo decoction were ga-vage given 5.62 g/kg,2.81 g/kg,and 1.40 g/kg,respectively,and the mosapride group was gavage given 0.305 mg/kg of mosapride,and the control group and model group were gavage given the same amount of distilled water for 14 days.The body weight of rats was observed;gastric emptying rate and small bowel propulsion rate were measured;transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of duodenal epithelial cells;ELISA detected serum levels of IL-17A and IL-22;Western blot and immunohistochemis-try were used to detect the expressions of protease-activated receptor 2(PAR-2)and tight junction protein(ZO-1,claudin-1)in the duodenum.Results:Compared with the control group,the body weight,gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate of the model group were significantly reduced(P<0.01),transmission electron microscopy showed widening of the duodenal epithelial cell space,serum IL-17A and IL-22 levels were significantly increased(P<0.01),the expression of PAR-2 in duodenal tissue was in-creased,and the expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-1 were downregulated(P<0.01).Compared with model group,the gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate in Simo decoction high-dose,medium-dose and mosapride group were increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the contents of IL-17A and IL-22 in serum decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the expression of PAR-2 in duodenal tissues was down-regulated,the expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-1 was significantly increased(P<0.01).The low-dose group of Simo soup could improve weight loss(P<0.01),reduce IL-17A content and PAR-2 expression,and increase ZO-1 and claudin-1 expression(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the effect on other indexes was not obvious.Conclusion:Simo decoction may reduce low-grade duodenal in-flammation to repair the mucosal barrier by down-regulating the levels of IL-17A and IL-22 and the expression of PAR-2,and up-regu-lating the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-1,so as to exert the effect of FD treatment.

Objective:To explore the effect of Simo decoction improving the low duodenal inflammation and protecting the du-odenal mucosal barrier in rats with functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into control group(10 rats)and model group(50 rats),and the modeling rats were prepared by multivariate intervention method.After successful modeling,the modeling rats were randomly divided into model group,Simo decoction high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose group and mosapride group,with 10 rats in each group.The high-dose,medium-dose,and low-dose groups of Simo decoction were ga-vage given 5.62 g/kg,2.81 g/kg,and 1.40 g/kg,respectively,and the mosapride group was gavage given 0.305 mg/kg of mosapride,and the control group and model group were gavage given the same amount of distilled water for 14 days.The body weight of rats was observed;gastric emptying rate and small bowel propulsion rate were measured;transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of duodenal epithelial cells;ELISA detected serum levels of IL-17A and IL-22;Western blot and immunohistochemis-try were used to detect the expressions of protease-activated receptor 2(PAR-2)and tight junction protein(ZO-1,claudin-1)in the duodenum.Results:Compared with the control group,the body weight,gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate of the model group were significantly reduced(P<0.01),transmission electron microscopy showed widening of the duodenal epithelial cell space,serum IL-17A and IL-22 levels were significantly increased(P<0.01),the expression of PAR-2 in duodenal tissue was in-creased,and the expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-1 were downregulated(P<0.01).Compared with model group,the gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate in Simo decoction high-dose,medium-dose and mosapride group were increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the contents of IL-17A and IL-22 in serum decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the expression of PAR-2 in duodenal tissues was down-regulated,the expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-1 was significantly increased(P<0.01).The low-dose group of Simo soup could improve weight loss(P<0.01),reduce IL-17A content and PAR-2 expression,and increase ZO-1 and claudin-1 expression(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the effect on other indexes was not obvious.Conclusion:Simo decoction may reduce low-grade duodenal in-flammation to repair the mucosal barrier by down-regulating the levels of IL-17A and IL-22 and the expression of PAR-2,and up-regu-lating the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-1,so as to exert the effect of FD treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of the long noncoding RNA(lncRNA),KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1(KCNQ1OT1),on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells(hPDLSCs)by targeting miR-218.Methods HPDLSCs were cultured in vitro and randomly assigned into hPDLSC,LPS,pcDNA-KCNQ1OT1,pcDN A,miR-218,or miR-NC groups.Cell proliferation and alizarin red staining of the cells were observed.The activity of alkaline phos-phatase,the expression of KCNQ1OT1 and miR-218,the levels of interleukin-1 β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),and the expression of osteopontin(OPN),osteocalcin(OCN),Runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2),and bone morpho-genetic protein 2(BMP2)in cells were detected.A dual luciferase assay was performed to verify the relationship between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-218.Results Compared with the hPDLSC group,the cell proliferation rate,the alkaline phosphatase activity,and the expression of KCNQ1OT1,OPN,OCN,RUNX2,and BMP2 were significantly decreased,while the expression of miR-218 and the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α were significantly increased in the LPS group(P＜0.05).Compared with the pcDNA-KCNQ1OT1 group,all the above indicators had the same trend in the miR-218 group(P＜0.05).Compared with the LPS group,the cell proliferation rate,the alkaline phos-phatase activity,and the expression of KCNQ1OT1,OPN,OCN,RUNX2,and BMP2 were significantly increased,while the expression of miR-218 and the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α were significantly decreased in the pcDNA-KCNQ1OT1 group(P＜0.05).There was a targeting relationship between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-218.The luciferase activity in the KCNQ1OT1-WT+miR-218 group was significantly lower than that in the KCNQ1OT1-WT+miR-NC group(P＜0.05).Conclusion KCNQ1OT1 can downregulate miR-218 and promote LPS-induced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs.

0n December 31,2021,the Chinese Nursing Association released the group standard"nursing care of patients with infusion of vasoactive agents(T/CNAS 22-2021)",which outlines the fundamental requirements for intravenous infusion of vasoactive drugs and standardizes the evaluation,administration,and monitoring.This article provides an interpretation of the key parts and sections of the standard to ensure nursing safety during the administration of vasoactive drugs,aiming to reduce complications.Additionally,it serves as a crucial reference for nurses during the administration of the medication.

BACKGROUND:A pathophysiological feature of septic organ failure is endothelial dysfunction in sepsis(EDS).The physiological and pathological mechanism of sepsis is considered to be vascular leakage caused by endothelial dysfunction.These pathological changes lead to systemic organ injury.However,an analysis using bibliometric methods has not yet been conducted in the field of EDS.This study was conducted to provide an overview of knowledge structure and research trends in the field of EDS. METHODS:Based on previous research,a literature search was performed in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)for publications associated with EDS published between the year 2003 and 2023.Various types of data from the publications,such as citation frequency,authorship,keywords and highly cited articles,were extracted.The"Create Citation Report"feature in the WoSCC was employed to calculate the Hirsch index(h-index)and average citations per item(ACI)of authors,institutions,and countries.To conduct bibliometric and visualization analyses,three bibliometric tools were used,including R-bibliometrix,CiteSpace(co-citation analysis of references),and VOSviewer(co-authorship analysis of institutions,co-authorship analysis of authors,co-occurrence analysis of keywords). RESULTS:After excluding invalid records,the study finaly included 4,536 publications with 135,386 citations.Most of these publications originated in the USA,China,Germany,Canada,and Japan.Harvard University emerged as the most prolific institution,while professor Jong-Sup Bae and his research team at Kyungpook National University emerged as authors with the greatest influence.The"protein C","tissue factor","thrombin","glycocalyx","acute kidney injury","syndecan-1"and"biomarker"were identified as prominent areas of research.Future research may focus on molecular mechanisms(such as as vascular endothelial[VE]-cadherin regulation)and therapeutic interventions to enhance endothelial repair and function. CONCLUSION:Our findings show a growing interest in EDS research.Key areas for future research include signaling pathways,molecular mechanisms,endothelial repair,and interactions between endothelial cells and other cell types in sepsis.

Objective: To analyze the research status, hotspots and frontier progress of hypertension in children in English and Chinese literature, so as to provide reference for the early prevention of hypertension in children. Methods: The Web of Science core collection database and CNKI database were searched to collect the literature related to the study of hypertension in children from 2000 to 2021, and the CiteSpace 5.8.R3 and VOSviewer 1.6.18 visualization tools were used to analyze the literature characteristics including publications, authors, regions, institutional cooperation, research hotspots and frontiers. Results: A total of 22 687 English studies and 4 440 Chinese studies were finally included. According to the analysis results, the number of articles published on hypertension in children was on the rise. The published English articles were mainly University of Toronto and University of Colorado. The main publishing institution of Chinese articles was the First Affiliated Hospital of Peking University. The United States and China took the lead in the number of core journals published in the field of hypertension in children, the United States ranked first in terms of the influence of publications. Keyword co occurrence analysis showed that the high frequency keywords in the English literature included prevalence, risk, obesity, risk factor, body mass index, insulin resistance, overweight, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Chinese high frequency keywords in the literature include obesity, risk factors, adiposis, influencing factors, overweight, prevalence, diabetes, treatment, health education and body mass index. The analysis of keywords showed that 25 burst terms were obtained separately in English and Chinese literature. Conclusion In recent years, the research interest on hypertension in children continues to grow and keeps updated, with the research scope expanding significantly, regarding obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diabetes within a social-ecological framework, incorporating personal and environmental unfavorable conditions during childhood from family, school, and community contexts. METHODS: Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2014 life history survey and 2015 survey), including 9,179 participants aged ≥45 years. ACEs were collected through self-report questionnaires, and participants were categorized based on the number of distinct ACEs experienced (0, 1, 2, 3, or ≥4 ACEs). Diabetes was defined by biomarkers, self-reported diagnosis, and treatment status. Logistic regression was conducted to explore the associations between ACEs and diabetes. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender, age, and obesity status. RESULTS: Compared with participants without ACEs, those exposed to any ACE (odds ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.40), 3 ACEs (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.62) and ≥4 ACEs (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.56) had an increased risk of diabetes. For each additional ACE, the risk of diabetes increased by about 5%. Regarding the source of ACEs, those originating from the family (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.41) were associated with diabetes. In terms of specific ACE types, family members with substance abuse (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.52), emotional abuse (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.46), and poor parental relationship (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.43) were associated with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS ACEs, particularly those originating from the family, were associated with diabetes. Interventions aimed at preventing and mitigating ACEs are essential for the early prevention of diabetes.

Functional vision is the visual ability of patients with visual disorders when they participate in or complete daily activities, through early evaluation and targeted treatment, the improvement of disease prognosis can be realized. In this paper, the concept of functional vision was introduced, the evaluation content, scoring method and application status of functional vision evaluation tools for patients with visual disorders were described, and the analysis and comparison of the characteristics and shortcomings of each evaluation tool were carried out.Thus providing appropriate functional vision evaluation tools for medical staff in China and providing reference for improving the quality of functional vision evaluation for patients with visual disorders.