Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, the types of unexpected antibodies, and their impacts on immunological risks among patients with different frequencies of cross-matching incompatibility, so as to propose corresponding solutions. Methods: Data of cross-matching incompatibility samples from 92 medical institutions during 2022 to 2024 were collected and divided into three groups based on the frequency of cross-matching. Statistical analysis was performed on disease types, distribution of hematologic diseases, alloantibody detection rates, and proportions of alloantibody types. Results: The 858 patients were divided into three groups based on the frequency of blood cross-matching incompatibility: ≥5 times (8.28%, 71/858), 2 to 4 times (28.21%, 242/858); 1 time (63.52%, 545/858). There was a clustered distribution of disease types in the ≥5 cross-matchings group, with 71.83% (51/71) of patients having tumors or hematologic and hematopoietic diseases. In contrast, the disease types in the 2 to 4 cross-matchings and 1 cross-matching groups were more diverse. An analysis of 249 patients with hematologic diseases found that multiple myeloma was the most common disease in all three groups, accounting for 31.43% (11/35), 35.37% (29/82), and 37.88% (50/132) respectively. In the ≥5 cross-matchings group, myelodysplastic syndrome (14.29%, 5/35) and thalassemia (14.29%, 5/35) were the second most common diseases. In contrast, in the 2 to 4 cross-matchings group and 1 cross-matching group, autoimmune hemolytic anemia was the second most common disease, with prevalence rates of 20.73% (17/82) and 24.24% (32/132), respectively. Alloantibodies were detected in 54.66% of the patients, with antibodies against Rh blood group being most frequent (>50%) in all three groups. The detection rates of alloantibodies/alloantibodies with coexisting autoantibodies decreased across groups: the ≥5 cross-matchings group (70.42%, 50/71) > the 2 to 4 cross-matchings group (54.96%, 133/242) > the 1 cross-matching group (52.48%, 286/545). Conclusion: The risk of alloantibody production increases in patients with multiple cross-matching incompatibilities, especially in those with tumors or hematologic diseases. For handling of cross-matching incompatibility cases, it is recommended to optimize the cross-matching process, implement individualized transfusion plans, and enhance the technical capabilities of clinical transfusion departments and blood group reference laboratories to ensure the safety and effectiveness of transfusions.

[Objective] To analyse the distribution of antigen phenotypes in the Rh, MNS and Kidd blood group systems of Han and Tujia blood donors in Chongqing, and to provide data support for the establishment of an expanded blood group antigen phenotype database and the development of expanded blood group coordinated transfusion in blood donors. [Methods] The antigens of Rh, MNS and Kidd blood group systems in Han and Tujia blood donors in Chongqing were detected by test-tube method, and the Hardy-Weinborg anastomosis of the three blood group systems was calculated. Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact probability method were used to compare the differences in phenotypic distribution frequencies among different regions and ethnic groups. [Results] Han and Tujia blood donors accounted for the highest proportion of CCee in the antigenic phenotype of the Rh blood group system, followed by CcEe, and then Ccee and ccEE. Tujia blood donors accounted for 52.02% of CCee, which was higher than that of Han blood donors (47.24%), while Han blood donors accounted for 32.20% of CcEe, which was higher than that of Tujia blood donors (28.94%). In the antigenic phenotype of the MNS blood group system, the blood donors of Han nationality and Tujia were MN>MM>NN,. The antigen phenotype distribution frequency of the Kidd blood group system was highest for Jk(a+b+) among both Han and Tujia blood donors, and the blood donors of Han nationality were Jk(a+b+)>Jk(a+b+), while those of Tujia were Jk(a-b+)>Jk(a+b-). The antigens of the three blood groups of Han and Tujia blood donors were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg balance(P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of antigen phenotypes of the three blood group systems between Han and Tujia blood donors(P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the phenotypic distribution frequency of Rh antigens between Chongqing and Xi'an, Zhejiang, Shantou, Foshan, Nanning and Yangzhou(P<0.05), but not with Guang'an and Shenzhen(P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the phenotypic distribution frequency of Rh antigens between Han, Tujia, Zang, Mongolian, Korean and Hani ethnic groups in Chongqing(P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the phenotypic distribution frequency of MNS antigens between Han blood donors in Chongqing and Urumqi, Hainan and Yuncheng, but not with Xi'an and Wenzhou. There was a statistically significant difference in the phenotypic distribution frequency of MNS antigen between Tujia blood donors in Chongqing and Urumqi and Hainan(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the phenotypic distribution frequency of MNS antigen between Tujia blood donors in Chongqing, Urumqi and Hainan(P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the phenotypic distribution frequency of Kidd antigens between blood donors in Chongqing and Harbin(P<0.05), but not in Huizhou, Wenzhou and Yichang(P>0.05). [Conclusion] The population in Chongqing has multi-ethnic characteristics, and the antigenic phenotypes of Rh, MNS and Kidd blood group systems exhibit diversity and regional differences. Establishing an expanded blood bank can provide more options for precision blood transfusion.

Objective:To analyze the clinical value of translocator protein (TSPO, 18kDa) radiotracer 18F- N, N-diethyl-2-(2-(4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl)-5, 7-dimethyl-pyrazolo[1, 5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-acetamide (DPA-714) PET/MR imaging for precise localization of epileptogenic zone in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Methods:From December 2022 to October 2023, 24 refractory epilepsy patients (12 males and 12 females, age (27.5±8.1) years) who underwent surgery in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively enrolled. All patients received hybrid 18F-DPA-714 PET/MR before surgery, with the surgical resection site and stereoelectroencephalography recordings of the seizure focus serving as the gold standard. Initial qualitative analysis of the images was performed, followed by semi-quantitative analysis using the ROI method to calculate the asymmetry index (AI) of the proposed epileptogenic zone, assessing the degree of increased abnormal uptake (area with AI>10% was considered as the epileptogenic zone). Follow-up assessment using the Engel classification was conducted at least one year postoperatively. Differences of lesion detection efficiency of conventional MRI and PET/MR were evaluated using McNemar test. Results:Among 24 enrolled patients, 13 cases (54.2%) showed positive findings on conventional MRI, while 21 cases (87.5%) exhibited single or multiple foci of abnormally increased tracer uptake on PET/MR imaging, indicating an improved lesion detection rate ( χ2=4.90, P=0.021). Of the MRI-positive patients, 12/13 also had positive findings on PET/MR, with a localization accuracy of 10/13. Among the MRI-negative patients, 9/11 showed positive PET/MR findings, with a localization accuracy of 6/11. At one year post-surgery, 75.0%(18/24) of patients had a favorable outcome (Engel Ⅰ). Conclusion:18F-DPA-714 PET/MR imaging can accurately locate epileptogenic foci, especially for MRI-negative lesions, providing reliable information for surgical planning to improve postoperative outcomes.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of astragalus polysaccharide on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced periodontitis in vivo and in vitro.Methods Ligation/LPS induction was used to construct a mouse model of periodontitis,and LPS treatment was used to establish a periodontitis cellular model.After administration of astragalus polysaccharide intervention,hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to detect pathological damage in mouse periodontal tissues,and kits were used to detect reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)content as well as oxidative stress-related indexes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities,and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)staining was used to detect the formation of osteoclasts in periodontal tissues and the RAW264.7 cell differentiation to osteoblasts,actin cytoskeleton/focal adhesion protein(Vinculin)staining method was used to analyze the formation of F-actin ring in RAW264.7 cells,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)staining and alizarin red S(ARS)staining and ALP activity assays were performed to evaluate the osteoclast formation ability of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(mBMSCs),and Western Blot was used to detect the expression levels of osteoclast-and osteoblast-related proteins.Results Astragali polysaccharide significantly reduced LPS-induced alveolar bone loss and histopathological damage,as well as improved the parameters related to periodontal bone regeneration in mice.Astragalgali polysaccharide reduced ROS production in LPS-induced periodontal ligament cells(mPDLCs),inhibited MDA content and increased SOD and CAT activities in LPS-treated mPDLCs and in periodontal tissues and serum in periodontitis mice.Astragalus polysaccharide decreased TRAP expressions in LPS-treated mouse periodontal tissues and RAW264.7 cells,and F-actin ring formation in RAW264.7 cells.Astragalgali polysaccharide decreased ALP expression and activity in LPS-treated mBMSCs cells,and reduced calcium deposition.In addition,astragalus polysaccharide down-regulated the expressions of osteoclast-related proteins[cathepsin k(CTSK),nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1(NFATcl)and c-Fos]in LPS-inducedRAW264.7 cells,and up-regulated the expressions of osteoblast-related proteins[ALP,runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2),collagen type Ⅰ(COL-1)and DMP1)]in mBMSCs.Conclusion Astragalus polysaccharide can alleviates LPS-induced periodontitis by inhibiting oxidative stress and promoting ERK/AMPK pathway-mediated bone formation capacity.

Objective:To analyze the clinical value of translocator protein (TSPO, 18kDa) radiotracer 18F- N, N-diethyl-2-(2-(4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl)-5, 7-dimethyl-pyrazolo[1, 5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-acetamide (DPA-714) PET/MR imaging for precise localization of epileptogenic zone in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Methods:From December 2022 to October 2023, 24 refractory epilepsy patients (12 males and 12 females, age (27.5±8.1) years) who underwent surgery in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively enrolled. All patients received hybrid 18F-DPA-714 PET/MR before surgery, with the surgical resection site and stereoelectroencephalography recordings of the seizure focus serving as the gold standard. Initial qualitative analysis of the images was performed, followed by semi-quantitative analysis using the ROI method to calculate the asymmetry index (AI) of the proposed epileptogenic zone, assessing the degree of increased abnormal uptake (area with AI>10% was considered as the epileptogenic zone). Follow-up assessment using the Engel classification was conducted at least one year postoperatively. Differences of lesion detection efficiency of conventional MRI and PET/MR were evaluated using McNemar test. Results:Among 24 enrolled patients, 13 cases (54.2%) showed positive findings on conventional MRI, while 21 cases (87.5%) exhibited single or multiple foci of abnormally increased tracer uptake on PET/MR imaging, indicating an improved lesion detection rate ( χ2=4.90, P=0.021). Of the MRI-positive patients, 12/13 also had positive findings on PET/MR, with a localization accuracy of 10/13. Among the MRI-negative patients, 9/11 showed positive PET/MR findings, with a localization accuracy of 6/11. At one year post-surgery, 75.0%(18/24) of patients had a favorable outcome (Engel Ⅰ). Conclusion:18F-DPA-714 PET/MR imaging can accurately locate epileptogenic foci, especially for MRI-negative lesions, providing reliable information for surgical planning to improve postoperative outcomes.

Objective: Uterine cancer (UC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among women. This study assesses the global burden of UC from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study were used to analyze UC incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries.Age-standardized rates were evaluated by age and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), with trends forecasted to 2036 using Bayesian models. Results: In 2021, the global incidence of UC reached 473,614 cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI]=4,29916–5,13667), with an age-standardized incidence rate of 5.41 per 100,000 (95% UI=4.90–5.87), showing an upward trend since 1990, particularly in high-SDI regions. However, the mortality rate in high SDI regions exhibited a declining trend, with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of −0.25 (95% confidence interval=−0.42 to −0.08). Although the number of deaths globally has increased, the age-standardized mortality rate has decreased compared to 1990 (EAPC: −0.85). The global age-standardized DALYs also show a downward trend, except in high SDI and low-middle SDI regions. The highest incidence was observed among individuals aged 70–74 in 2021. By 2036, new cases are projected to rise, though incidence, mortality, and DALYs are expected to decline. Conclusion Regional disparities in the global UC burden highlight the need for tailored strategies, especially in low-income countries, to reduce its impact.

【Objective】 This study endeavors to introduce the statistical process control (SPC) method to analyze the quality control index concerning red blood cells in additive solution with leukocytes reduced, with the aspiration to advance the effective utilization of blood quality control data, thereby providing empirical foundations for the continual enhancement of blood quality. 【Methods】 Between 2020 and 2022, test data pertaining to the quality control index of red blood cells in additive solution with leukocytes reduced were amassed from six blood stations in Chongqing area. Utilizing Minitab software, the SPC analysis was carried out, p-control charts were delineated, the non-conformance rates of each quality control index along with their 95% confidence intervals were computed, as well as the Process Capability Index (Z value). 【Results】 In accordance with the Whole Blood and Blood Components Quality Requirements, the appraisal of the quality control indexes for red blood cells in additive solution with leukocytes reduced manifested a conformity rate of 100% for appearance, end-of-storage hemolysis rate and sterility test. Nonetheless, the conformity rates for volume, hemoglobin, hematocrit and residual leukocytes did not attain 100%, albeit all were ≥75%. Through the employment of binomial distribution-based p-control charts, the controlled state of the production process was discerned. Although the overarching conformity rate satisfied the national standard stipulations, it was discerned that there were out-of-control points concerning volume, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and residual leukocytes across different institutions, exhibiting palpable trends. The non-conformance rates of all quality control indexes were less than 25%, yet at a 95% confidence level, the residual leukocyte counts from institutions B, C, E, and F did not adhere to the stipulations (exceeding 25%). By architecting the ability evaluation index Z value for count data process capability analysis, it was unveiled that the volume of institution E, the hematocrit of institutions B, C, and F, and the residual leukocytes Z values of all six blood collection and supply institutions were below 2, hinting at avenues for amelioration. 【Conclusion】 The SPC method anchored in binomial distribution exhibits substantial application merit in blood component quality management, facilitating real-time surveillance of blood collection, preparation, and storage procedures.

Dry eye,also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca,is clinically manifested as dry eyes,itching,burning,blurred vision and other symptoms,which seriously affects the life quality of patients.In recent years,the incidence of dry eye has increased year by year,and it has become one of the common clinical diseases in ophthalmology.At present,the treatment methods of dry eye mainly include drug treatment,surgical treatment and clinical nursing,among which drug is the most commonly used method for the treatment of dry eye.Therefore,this paper summarizes the application and research progress of clinical medication of dry eye based on permeation pathways and inflammatory pathways in recent years,so as to provide some ideas for the follow-up treatment of dry eye and drug development.

Objective:To establish scientific and objective indicators of basic professional competencies for undergraduate students of Public Management (Health Management specialty).Methods:Based on the 18 classic competency elements of Hay Group, the basic indicators of professional competencies for undergraduate students of Public Management (Health Management specialty) was established primarily through behavior event method and Delphi method. Data entry was made by EpiData3.1, and SPSS 26.0 and Excel 2010 were used for data analysis and descriptive statistical analysis.Results:The response rates of the two rounds of consultation were 100.0% and 95.5%, and the overall authority coefficient of experts was 0.80. Finally, the basic indicators of professional competencies of undergraduate students of Public Management (Health Management specialty) were developed, which constituted 4 primary indicators and 27 secondary indicators.Conclusion:The indicators of basic professional competencies of undergraduate students of Public Management (Health Management specialty) are scientific and practical, which will guide the cultivation, selection, training, and assessment for health management professionals.

Objective:To explore if protective effects of dapagliflozin (Dapa) administration on attenuating DOX-induced myocardial injury in rats.Methods:A total of 30 specific pathogens free grade 8 week old male Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups. Control group (Con group, n = 5), rats received intraperitoneal saline (1.25 ml/kg) injection once per week plus saline (8 mg/kg) daily via gavage for 6 weeks. Dox group ( n = 15) rats received intraperitoneal Dox (2.5 mg/kg) injection once per week plus saline (8 mg/kg) daily via gavage for 6 weeks. Dox + Dapa group ( n = 10), rats received intraperitoneal Dox (2.5 mg/kg) injection once per week plus Dapagliflozin (4 mg/kg) daily via gavage for 6 weeks, observed to week 10. Survival status, echocardiography, pathology, and expression of Bcl-2, Bax gene and protein were observed. Results:The survival rate of ats in Con, Dox, and Dapa+Dox groups was 100.0%, 66.7% and 90.0% respectively. The echocardiography were performed in Con, Dox, and Dapa+Dox groups left ventricular ejection fraction was (95.40 ± 2.51)%, (83.09 ± 4.92)% and (91.71 ± 3.45)%, respectively; left ventricular fraction shortening was (66.80 ± 7.43)%, (47.27 ± 5.10)% and (59.43 ± 6.92)%, respectively; Both indexes in Dapa+Dox group was higher than that in Dox group, but lower than that in Con group, all P<0.05; Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was (4.80 ± 0.83) mm, (5.90 ± 0.83) mm and (4.85 ± 0.69) mm respectively; left ventricular end-systolic diameterwas (1.80 ± 0.44) mm, (2.90 ± 0.53) mm and (2.00 ± 0.57) mm in Con, Dox, and Dapa + Dox groups, respectively; Both indexes in Dapa + Dox group was decreased than that in Dox group, but Dapa + Dox group was increased than that in Con group, all P<0.05. Pathologic changes have been shown that myocardial fibers arranged neatly in the Con group under HE staining, while those broken myocardial fibers disordered arranged in the Dox group, and those changes in the Dapa + Dox group were slightly relieved than that in Dox group. The collagen volume fraction of rats in Con, Dox and Dapa+Dox groups were (2.64 ± 1.04)%, (16.85 ± 1.70)% and (6.75 ± 1.89)% under sirius red staining, Dapa+Dox group was lower than that in Dox group but higher than that in Con group, all P<0.05. Pathologic changes under transmission electron microscope have been shown that a few of normal structure mitochondria in the Con group. A large number of swollen mitochondria with disappeared mitochondrial crest in the Dox group; but neatly arranged with mitochondrial crest blurred in the Dapa+Dox group. The quantitative real-time PCR was used to detected Bcl-2 and Bax, there were 0.93 ± 0.09, 0.35 ± 0.30 and 0.89 ± 0.25 in Bcl-2, 0.99 ± 0.10, 3.10 ± 0.10 and 0.86 ± 0.04) in Bax, while Bcl-2/Bax 0.94 ± 0.17, 0.11 ± 0.06 and 1.03 ± 0.27, respectively. The westernblot was used to detected Bcl-2 and Bax, there were 1.00 ± 0.18, 0.32 ± 0.20 and 1.30 ± 0.41 in Bcl-2, 0.66 ± 0.11, 2.44 ± 0.66 and 0.90 ± 0.61 in Bax, while Bcl-2/Bax: 1.50 ± 0.18, 0.12 ± 0.05 and 1.80 ± 0.82, respectively; the above results shown that both myocardial Bax mRNA and protein expression in Dox group were higher than that in Dapa + Dox group and Con group, both P<0.05, and there was no difference in the two later groups, P>0.05; both the myocardial Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression in Dox group were lower than that in Dapa+Dox group and Con group, both P<0.05, and there was no difference between two later groups, P>0.05; Bcl-2/Bax in Dox group was significantly lower thanthat in Dapa+Dox groupand Con group, both P<0.05, and there was no difference between Dapa+Dox group and Con group, P>0.05. Conclusions:Simultaneous dapagliflozin treatment significantly attenuated DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, which might be related to prevent myocardial apoptosis.