This study focuses on the core pathology of sinew wei （痿）， which is mainly characterized by the fai-lure of qi and blood to nourish the sinews. A mechanical-biological response framework is constructed with mitochondria as a key component， explaining the modern interpretation of the disease location of sinew transmitting to qi and blood pathology. Mechanical loading， as a physical stress stimulus applied to the body， manifests primarily as passive loading formed by external forces such as massage， and active loading resulting from voluntary muscle contractions， such as dao yin （导引）. Mechanical loading can regulate mitochondrial function through two pathways， mechanical signal transduction and metabolic demand-driven regulation. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction is regarded as the core microscopic basis of qi imbalance in sinew wei， highlighting the intrinsic connection between qi and mitochondrial energy metabolism， as well as between blood and microcirculatory efficiency. Accordingly， distinct regulatory patterns of mechanical loading are identified. Wei associated with qi stagnation may correspond to mitochondrial network fragmentation and can be treated by regulating qi through passive loading， such as tuina， to restore mitochondrial dynamics. In contrast， wei caused by qi deficiency is attributed to insufficient mitochondrial biogenesis and may be treated by tonifying qi through active loading， such as dao yin， to promote mitochondrial biogenesis. This framework reveals the biological differences in mitochondrial regulation induced by distinct mechanical loading modalities and provides a microscopic mechanism-based explanation for the principle of "treating the same disease with different methods" in sinew wei.

One of the basic questions in the aging field is whether there is a fundamental difference between the aging of lower invertebrates and mammals. A major difference between the lower invertebrates and mammals is the abundancy of noncoding RNAs, most of which are not conserved. We have previously identified a noncoding RNA Terc-53 that is derived from the RNA component of telomerase Terc. To study its physiological functions, we generated two transgenic mouse models overexpressing the RNA in wild-type and early-aging Terc-/- backgrounds. Terc-53 mice showed age-related cognition decline and shortened life span, even though no developmental defects or physiological abnormality at an early age was observed, indicating its involvement in normal aging of mammals. Subsequent mechanistic study identified hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (Hmmr) as the main effector of Terc-53. Terc-53 mediates the degradation of Hmmr, leading to an increase of inflammation in the affected tissues, accelerating organismal aging. adeno-associated virus delivered supplementation of Hmmr in the hippocampus reversed the cognition decline in Terc-53 transgenic mice. Neither Terc-53 nor Hmmr has homologs in C. elegans. Neither do arthropods express hyaluronan. These findings demonstrate the complexity of aging in mammals and open new paths for exploring noncoding RNA and Hmmr as means of treating age-related physical debilities and improving healthspan.
Animals ; Mice ; RNA, Untranslated/metabolism* ; Aging/genetics* ; Mice, Transgenic ; Telomerase/metabolism* ; RNA/genetics* ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Humans ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective: To evaluate the current status of the prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in China, establish a predictive model to evaluate the effects of the current prevention and control strategies, and provide scientific information for decision- making departments. Methods: Based on the epidemic data of COVID-19 openly accessed from national health authorities, we estimated the dynamic basic reproduction number R₀(t) to evaluate the effects of the current COVID-19 prevention and control strategies in all the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) as well as in Wuhan and the changes in infectivity of COVID-19 over time. Results: For the stability of the results, 24 provinces (municipality) with more than 100 confirmed COVID-19 cases were included in the analysis. At the beginning of the outbreak, the R₀(t) showed unstable trend with big variances. As the strengthening of the prevention and control strategies, R₀(t) began to show a downward trend in late January, and became stable in February. By the time of data analysis, 18 provinces (municipality) (75%) had the R₀(t)s less than 1. The results could be used for the decision making to free population floating conditionally. Conclusions Dynamic R₀(t) is useful in the evaluation of the change in infectivity of COVID-19, the prevention and control strategies for the COVID-19 outbreak have shown preliminary effects, if continues, it is expected to control the COVID-19 outbreak in China in near future.

Objective This study was performed to investigate the levels of HSP70 in tissue in pemphigus as a possible new theoretical basis for further elucidate the pathogenesis of pemphigus.Methods The expression of HSP70 in 62 patients with pemphigus was determined by immunohistochemistry,and the normal skin was taken as control.Results The results showed that the positive cells of HSP70＞75 ％ in the blisters of pemphigus vulgaris and the positive cells of HSP70＞50％ in the inflammatory cells near the blisters,and the expression of HSP70 was significantly higher than that in normal skin,which was statistically significant(Z=5.42,4.73,P＜0.01).Conclusion The abnormal expression of HSP70 in inflammatory cells and psoriasis of pemphigus patients showed that HSP70 is involved in the pemphigus.