To investigate the incidence of postoperative neuropsychic dysfunction (PND) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) and to analyze its influencing factors.

Objective To explore the changes in neural activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and their corre-lation with executive function,and to analyze the neural mechanisms underlying the decline in executive function in T2DM patients.Methods Thirty-one T2DM patients(T2DM group)and thirty-two healthy controls(HC)(HC group)matched for body mass index(BMI)underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)scans and N-back task tests were included.Differ-ences in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF),regional homogeneity(ReHo),and seed-based functional connectivity(FC)between the two groups were compared,and partial correlation analyses were performed between the difference results and N-back task performance.Results The T2DM group showed prolonged reaction time(RT)in the 1-back and 2-back tasks.T2DM patients exhibited increased ALFF in the bilateral caudate nucleus,left medial superior frontal gyrus,and right postcentral gyrus,as well as elevated ReHo in the right putamen.FC analysis revealed significant alterations in FC between the caudate nucleus,putamen,and multiple brain regions in T2DM patients,with some of these FC changes significantly correlated with RT and accuracy(ACC)in the N-back task.Conclusion The decline in executive function in T2DM patients may be associated with abnormal neural activity in brain regions such as the striatum,salience network,and frontoparietal control network.FC further decreases under increased cognitive load.These findings provide evidence for the study of the neural mechanisms of executive function impairment in T2DM patients.

Objective:To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of targeted inhibition of Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) on the proliferation, mitosis and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells.Methods:Logarithmically growing human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and C-33A were selected, and cells treated with 10 and 20 nmol/L PLK1 inhibitor GSK461364 were used as different concentrations of GSK461364 groups, while cells not treated with GSK461364 were used as the control group. CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation ability (represented by absorbance values at wavelength 450 nm), flow cytometry was used to detect chromosome ploidy (propidium iodide staining), mitochondrial membrane potential detected by flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell apoptosis status (JC-1 fluorescent probe, the cells where the JC-1 monomers emitting green fluorescence were located were apoptotic cells), and Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins.Results:The results of CCK-8 method showed that the proliferation ability of HeLa cells was lower than that of the control group after 24 hours of treatment with 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 and continued culture for 24, 48 and 72 hours without GSK461364. The proliferation ability of C-33A cells was lower than that of the control group after 24 hours of treatment with 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 and continued culture for 48 and 72 hours without GSK461364, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that after 24 hours of treatment with GSK461364 and continued culture for 72 hours without GSK461364, the proportions of polyploid cell subpopulations in HeLa cells of the 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 groups and the control group were (13.89±3.73)%, (12.30±5.49)% and (9.86±1.15)%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference ( F = 0.82, P > 0.05); the proportions of polyploid cell subpopulations in C-33A cells of the 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 groups and the control group were (8.45±2.20)%, (11.06±2.53)% and (5.42±1.36)%, respectively, with statistically significant difference ( F = 5.46, P = 0.045). Among them, the proportion of polyploid cell subpopulations in the 20 nmol/L GSK461364 group was higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( t = 3.40, P = 0.027). The results of flow cytometry detection of mitochondrial membrane potential showed that after 24 hours of treatment with GSK461364 and continued culture for 72 hours without GSK461364, the proportions of apoptotic cells in HeLa cells of the control group, 10 nmol/L GSK461364 group and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 group were (3.96±2.28)%, (24.38±4.89)%, and (46.24±4.38)%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( F = 83.18, P < 0.000 1), the proportion of apoptotic cells in the 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 groups was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (both P < 0.01), and the proportion of apoptotic cells in the 20 nmol/L group was higher than that in the 10 nmol/L group ( t = 5.76, P = 0.005); the proportions of apoptotic cells in C-33A cells of the control group, 10 nmol/L GSK461364 group and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 group were (1.81±1.59)%, (5.22±1.57)% and (15.87±5.81)%, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( F = 12.49, P = 0.007), and the proportion of apoptotic cells in the 20 nmol/L group was higher than that in the 10 nmol/L group and the control group (both P < 0.05). The results of Western blotting analysis showed that after 24 hours of treatment with GSK461364 and continued culture for 72 hours without GSK461364, the relative expression levels of cleaved Caspase-9 and cleaved polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase in HeLa and C-33A cells treated with 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 were higher than those in the control group, and the relative expression levels of cdc25c and phosphorylated cdc25c (Ser216) were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Targeted inhibition of PLK1 can inhibit the proliferation activity of cervical cancer cells in vitro, induce cell mitotic cycle arrest, and promote cell apoptosis; these may be achieved by regulating cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins.

Objective Feasibility application of microelectrode recording(MER)during sub thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation(STN-DBS)implantation under desflurane general anesthesia(GA)in patients with Par-kinson's disease(PD).Methods A prospective cohort of 20 PD patients undergoing STN-DBS under desflurane general anesthesia were enrolled.Intraoperative MER quality,pos-operative acute pain,cognitive function,anxi-ety/depression status,quality of life,and clinical efficacy of DBS were evaluated.Results Among the patients,14 were male with average PD duration of(8.1±3.6)years.Hoehn-Yahr staging averaged 2.8±0.5 in"on"state and 2.3±0.5 in"off"state.The mean DBS surgery duration was 87.4 minutes.Highly normalized root-mean-square(NRMS)signals were successfully recorded in all cases,with remedial measures applied in 4 pa-tients to achieve satisfactory MER signals.Post-operative Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)pain scores on days 1,2,and 3 were 3.7±2.2,2.8±1.6,and 1.8±2.0,respectively.Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)scores showed no statistical difference during hospitalization as compared to pre-operative values,but significantly de-creased at 6-month follow-up(24.3±4.1 vs.21.5±3.5,P＜0.05).All patients demonstrated significant reduc-tion in Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD),and Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39(PDQ-39)scores at 6-month follow-up.The unified Parkinson's disease rating scale(UPDRS-Ⅲ)improvement rates were 51.4%±39.2%(medication-on)and 61.6%±26.8%(medication-off)respectively with Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose(LEDD)improvement rate of 48.6%±23.0%.Conclusions Desflurane general anesthesia is safe and feasible for electrods implantation in STN-DBS of PD patients,without interfering with intra-operative MER or postoperative outcomes.

Objective To analyze the application effects of laryngeal mask airway(LMA)general anesthesia versus endotracheal intubation(ETI)general anesthesia in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients undergoing deep brain stimulation(DBS)implantable pulse generator(IPG)surgery.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 164 PD patients who underwent IPG surgery at our hospital from August 2020 to February 2021.Patients were divided into two groups based on airway management:LMA group(n=61)and ETI group(n=103).Perioperative hemodynamic parameters,including mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR),were observed at five time points:pre-induction(T0),post-induction(T1),skin incision(T2),extubation(T3),and post-anesthesia care unit(PACU)admission(T4).Key outcomes,such as extubation time,intraoperative hypoxia events,LMA-to-ETI conversion rate,and postoperative complications(respiratory depression,pneumonia),were compared between the two groups.Results The LMA group had a significantly lower body mass index than the ETI group[(22.75±3.11)kg/m2 vs(23.85±3.49)kg/m2,P=0.039],while the other baseline characteristics were comparable.After induction,the LMA group exhibited a less decrease in MAP[(85.46±11.63)mmHg vs(74.13±11.78)mmHg in the ETI group,P<0.001].At extubation,the ETI group showed higher MAP[(98.27±13.78)mmHg vs(89.66±10.50)mmHg in the LMA group,P<0.001].The intraoperative use of vasoactive drugs was significantly lower in the LMA group(3.3%)than that in the ETI group(13.6%,P=0.032).The mean extubation time was shorter in the LMA group[(8.43±5.25)min vs(14.28±7.66)min in the ETI group,P<0.001].No intraoperative hypoxia or LMA-to-ETI conversion events occurred in either group.Postoperative respiratory depression and pneumonia rates showed no statistically significant differences between the groups.Conclusion LMA general anesthesia can be safely applied in PD patients undergoing DBS IPG implantation.It shortens extubation time,reduces the use of vasoactive drugs,and does not increase the risk of intubation-related complications.

Objective To analyze the application effects of laryngeal mask airway(LMA)general anesthesia versus endotracheal intubation(ETI)general anesthesia in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients undergoing deep brain stimulation(DBS)implantable pulse generator(IPG)surgery.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 164 PD patients who underwent IPG surgery at our hospital from August 2020 to February 2021.Patients were divided into two groups based on airway management:LMA group(n=61)and ETI group(n=103).Perioperative hemodynamic parameters,including mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR),were observed at five time points:pre-induction(T0),post-induction(T1),skin incision(T2),extubation(T3),and post-anesthesia care unit(PACU)admission(T4).Key outcomes,such as extubation time,intraoperative hypoxia events,LMA-to-ETI conversion rate,and postoperative complications(respiratory depression,pneumonia),were compared between the two groups.Results The LMA group had a significantly lower body mass index than the ETI group[(22.75±3.11)kg/m2 vs(23.85±3.49)kg/m2,P=0.039],while the other baseline characteristics were comparable.After induction,the LMA group exhibited a less decrease in MAP[(85.46±11.63)mmHg vs(74.13±11.78)mmHg in the ETI group,P<0.001].At extubation,the ETI group showed higher MAP[(98.27±13.78)mmHg vs(89.66±10.50)mmHg in the LMA group,P<0.001].The intraoperative use of vasoactive drugs was significantly lower in the LMA group(3.3%)than that in the ETI group(13.6%,P=0.032).The mean extubation time was shorter in the LMA group[(8.43±5.25)min vs(14.28±7.66)min in the ETI group,P<0.001].No intraoperative hypoxia or LMA-to-ETI conversion events occurred in either group.Postoperative respiratory depression and pneumonia rates showed no statistically significant differences between the groups.Conclusion LMA general anesthesia can be safely applied in PD patients undergoing DBS IPG implantation.It shortens extubation time,reduces the use of vasoactive drugs,and does not increase the risk of intubation-related complications.

Objective:To explore the health education needs of patients undergoing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) at different stages of treatment.Methods:A qualitative research method was employed and an interview guide based on timing theory was developed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients treated for colorectal conditions with FMT at Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University from August to October 2022. Data from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results:A total of 19 patients aged 20 to 65 were interviewed, including seven males and 12 females. A total of five main themes and 15 subthemes were identified: health education demands during the diagnosis phase (basic information about FMT; knowledge about donor screening), health education demands during the preparation phase (alleviating discomfort caused by nasoenteric tubes; interpretation of examination reports), health education demands during the execution phase (dietary guidance during FMT; exercise guidance during FMT; medication and supplementary training guidance; management of adverse reactions), health education demands during the adaptation phase (consolidating treatment effects; knowledge related to FMT capsules; post-discharge follow-up content and methods; post-discharge precautions), long-term health education demands (diverse health education tools; individualized health education approaches; alleviating psychological anxiety) .Conclusions:Patients undergoing FMT have numerous concerns, and diverse health education needs throughout the treatment process. Healthcare professionals should adopt various health education strategies to address these needs.

Objective To explore the changes in neural activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and their corre-lation with executive function,and to analyze the neural mechanisms underlying the decline in executive function in T2DM patients.Methods Thirty-one T2DM patients(T2DM group)and thirty-two healthy controls(HC)(HC group)matched for body mass index(BMI)underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)scans and N-back task tests were included.Differ-ences in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF),regional homogeneity(ReHo),and seed-based functional connectivity(FC)between the two groups were compared,and partial correlation analyses were performed between the difference results and N-back task performance.Results The T2DM group showed prolonged reaction time(RT)in the 1-back and 2-back tasks.T2DM patients exhibited increased ALFF in the bilateral caudate nucleus,left medial superior frontal gyrus,and right postcentral gyrus,as well as elevated ReHo in the right putamen.FC analysis revealed significant alterations in FC between the caudate nucleus,putamen,and multiple brain regions in T2DM patients,with some of these FC changes significantly correlated with RT and accuracy(ACC)in the N-back task.Conclusion The decline in executive function in T2DM patients may be associated with abnormal neural activity in brain regions such as the striatum,salience network,and frontoparietal control network.FC further decreases under increased cognitive load.These findings provide evidence for the study of the neural mechanisms of executive function impairment in T2DM patients.

Objective:To explore the health education needs of patients undergoing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) at different stages of treatment.Methods:A qualitative research method was employed and an interview guide based on timing theory was developed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients treated for colorectal conditions with FMT at Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University from August to October 2022. Data from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results:A total of 19 patients aged 20 to 65 were interviewed, including seven males and 12 females. A total of five main themes and 15 subthemes were identified: health education demands during the diagnosis phase (basic information about FMT; knowledge about donor screening), health education demands during the preparation phase (alleviating discomfort caused by nasoenteric tubes; interpretation of examination reports), health education demands during the execution phase (dietary guidance during FMT; exercise guidance during FMT; medication and supplementary training guidance; management of adverse reactions), health education demands during the adaptation phase (consolidating treatment effects; knowledge related to FMT capsules; post-discharge follow-up content and methods; post-discharge precautions), long-term health education demands (diverse health education tools; individualized health education approaches; alleviating psychological anxiety) .Conclusions:Patients undergoing FMT have numerous concerns, and diverse health education needs throughout the treatment process. Healthcare professionals should adopt various health education strategies to address these needs.

Objective:To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of targeted inhibition of Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) on the proliferation, mitosis and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells.Methods:Logarithmically growing human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and C-33A were selected, and cells treated with 10 and 20 nmol/L PLK1 inhibitor GSK461364 were used as different concentrations of GSK461364 groups, while cells not treated with GSK461364 were used as the control group. CCK-8 method was used to detect cell proliferation ability (represented by absorbance values at wavelength 450 nm), flow cytometry was used to detect chromosome ploidy (propidium iodide staining), mitochondrial membrane potential detected by flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell apoptosis status (JC-1 fluorescent probe, the cells where the JC-1 monomers emitting green fluorescence were located were apoptotic cells), and Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins.Results:The results of CCK-8 method showed that the proliferation ability of HeLa cells was lower than that of the control group after 24 hours of treatment with 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 and continued culture for 24, 48 and 72 hours without GSK461364. The proliferation ability of C-33A cells was lower than that of the control group after 24 hours of treatment with 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 and continued culture for 48 and 72 hours without GSK461364, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that after 24 hours of treatment with GSK461364 and continued culture for 72 hours without GSK461364, the proportions of polyploid cell subpopulations in HeLa cells of the 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 groups and the control group were (13.89±3.73)%, (12.30±5.49)% and (9.86±1.15)%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference ( F = 0.82, P > 0.05); the proportions of polyploid cell subpopulations in C-33A cells of the 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 groups and the control group were (8.45±2.20)%, (11.06±2.53)% and (5.42±1.36)%, respectively, with statistically significant difference ( F = 5.46, P = 0.045). Among them, the proportion of polyploid cell subpopulations in the 20 nmol/L GSK461364 group was higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( t = 3.40, P = 0.027). The results of flow cytometry detection of mitochondrial membrane potential showed that after 24 hours of treatment with GSK461364 and continued culture for 72 hours without GSK461364, the proportions of apoptotic cells in HeLa cells of the control group, 10 nmol/L GSK461364 group and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 group were (3.96±2.28)%, (24.38±4.89)%, and (46.24±4.38)%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( F = 83.18, P < 0.000 1), the proportion of apoptotic cells in the 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 groups was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (both P < 0.01), and the proportion of apoptotic cells in the 20 nmol/L group was higher than that in the 10 nmol/L group ( t = 5.76, P = 0.005); the proportions of apoptotic cells in C-33A cells of the control group, 10 nmol/L GSK461364 group and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 group were (1.81±1.59)%, (5.22±1.57)% and (15.87±5.81)%, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( F = 12.49, P = 0.007), and the proportion of apoptotic cells in the 20 nmol/L group was higher than that in the 10 nmol/L group and the control group (both P < 0.05). The results of Western blotting analysis showed that after 24 hours of treatment with GSK461364 and continued culture for 72 hours without GSK461364, the relative expression levels of cleaved Caspase-9 and cleaved polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase in HeLa and C-33A cells treated with 10 and 20 nmol/L GSK461364 were higher than those in the control group, and the relative expression levels of cdc25c and phosphorylated cdc25c (Ser216) were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Targeted inhibition of PLK1 can inhibit the proliferation activity of cervical cancer cells in vitro, induce cell mitotic cycle arrest, and promote cell apoptosis; these may be achieved by regulating cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins.