Introduction: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an uncommon inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, with a reported prevalence of 1.3–2.5 per 100,000. Hypothalamic–pituitary involvement is rare and can mimic structural lesions, presenting with varying degrees of hypopituitarism and central diabetes insipidus. Case: A 30-year-old male presented with a 2-year history of poor concentration, blurring of vision and lethargy. Initial investigations revealed severe hypernatremia (serum sodium 165 mmol/L) and a 1.4 × 2.1 × 1.3 cm suprasellar cistern mass on CT scan, with differential diagnoses including meningioma and germinoma. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormal signals in the optic pathways and hypothalamus, raising suspicion of a demyelinating process. Endocrine evaluation confirmed panhypopituitarism: elevated prolactin (1125.2 mIU/L), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (follicle-stimulating hormone 0.7 IU/L, LH 0.3 IU/L, testosterone <0.35 nmol/L), central hypothyroidism (TSH 3.8 mIU/L, free T4 5.88 pmol/L) and low cortisol (33.1 nmol/L). Persistent hypernatremia (up to 171 mmol/L) with high serum osmolality (370 mOsm/kg) and low urine osmolality (237 mOsm/kg) confirmed central diabetes insipidus, as urine osmolality rose to 755 mOsm/kg following intravenous desmopressin. He was commenced on sublingual desmopressin 60 micrograms twice daily, hydrocortisone (10 mg morning, 5 mg afternoon), levothyroxine 75 micrograms daily and monthly intramuscular testosterone 150 mg. Subsequent readmissions for generalized weakness and fever led to cerebrospinal fluid analysis and serum testing, which were positive for MOG antibodies and negative for aquaporin-4 antibodies, confirmed MOGAD. During a third admission with recurrent generalized weakness, he responded favorably to intravenous methylprednisolone (1 g daily for 5 days), followed by a tapering oral prednisolone regimen. Conclusion MOGAD can involve the hypothalamic–pituitary axis and mimic a suprasellar mass. In patients with panhypopituitarism, central diabetes insipidus and compatible imaging, inflammatory demyelination should be suspected. MOG antibody positivity and response to corticosteroids support diagnosis and guide management.
Diabetes Insipidus ; Hypopituitarism

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of diabetes represents a significant global health challenge. Modifiable risk factors, including physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary habits, and obesity contribute substantially to this rising burden. In conjunction with the 2025 World Diabetes Day (WDD) campaign focusing on “diabetes and the workplace,” we assessed diabetes risk among healthcare workers in our hospital using the Modified Asian Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (ModAsian FINDRISC). Methodology: Healthcare workers from various departments were invited to participate in the hospital WDD celebration. A total of 286 attendees underwent anthropometric measurements and completed the ModAsian FINDSRIC questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the prevalence of risk factors and overall diabetes risk. Results: The participants included doctors, nurses, allied healthcare professionals, as well as hospital support and administrative staff. The majority of participants (74.8%) were aged below 45 years. 39.2% were overweight while 30.8% were obese. One-third (37.4%) had increased waist circumference (WC) (≥90 cm for men, ≥80 cm for women). Additionally, 20% of respondents reported being on antihypertensive medication, and 23.8% had previously recorded high blood glucose. A family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) was reported by 62.6% of respondents. Additionally, about onethird were sedentary with less than 30 minutes of daily exercise or physical activity, another one-third did not consume fruits or vegetables on a daily basis. The median ModAsian FINDRISC score was 8, with approximately 30% of them classified as having moderate to very high risk of developing DM (moderate: 17.5%; high: 10.8%; very high: 2.8%). Conclusion These results revealed high metabolic risk in healthcare workers and highlight the need for targeted workplace health promotion strategies to reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
Tertiary Care Centers ; Health Personnel ; Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Ribosomal proteins are traditionally associated with protein biosynthesis until recent studies that implicated their extraribosomal functions in human diseases and cancers. Our previous studies using GeneFishingTM DEG method and microarray revealed underexpression of three ribosomal protein genes, RPS26, RPS27, and RPL32 in cancer of the nasopharynx. Herein, we investigated the expression pattern and nucleotide sequence integrity of these genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma to further delineate their involvement in tumourigenesis. The relationship of expression level with clinicopathologic factors was also statistically studied. Methods: Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed on nasopharyngeal carcinoma and their paired normal tissues. Expression and sequence of these three genes were analysed. Results: All three ribosomal protein genes showed no significant difference in transcript expressions and no association could be established with clinicopathologic factors studied. No nucleotide aberrancy was detected in the coding regions of these genes. Conclusion: There is no early evidence to substantiate possible involvement of RPS26, RPS27, and RPL32 genes in NPC tumourigenesis.