AIM: To compare the preoperative ocular biometry between Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 700 in cataract patients.METHODS:Prospective study. A total of 150 patients(150 eyes)with cataracts who were treated in our hospital from May to December 2024 were selected. The IOL Master 700 and Pentacam AXL were preoperatively used to measure axial length(AL), corneal curvature(K1, K2 and Km), anterior chamber depth(ACD), and white-to-white(WTW). The difference and consistency of the results of the two instruments were compared.RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two instruments in the AL, K1, K2, Km, ACD, and WTW(all P>0.05). The Spearman correlation analysis showed that the two instruments positively correlated with the AL, K1, K2, Km, ACD and WTW of the operated eye(all P<0.001). The Bland-Altman analysis showed that for the Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 700, there were 5/150(3.3%), 7/150(4.7%), 4/150(2.7%), 5/150(3.3%), and 0 points outside the 95%LoA for the AL, K1, K2, Km, ACD, and WTW of the examined eyes, respectively, with all of these values less than 5%, indicating good consistency.CONCLUSION:The AL, K1, K2, Km, ACD and WTW of Pentacam AXL and IOL Master 700 in cataract patients before cataract phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation show no significant differences, and have good correlation and consistency. The two instruments can be used interchangeably.

ObjectiveBased on the conjoint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome， the key genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway of Lonicera macranthoides were explored， which provided a basis for further exploring the synthesis and regulation mechanism of phenylpropanoid compounds in "Xianglei" L. macranthoides. MethodsThe stem， leaves， and three flowering flowers of "Xianglei" L. macranthoides were selected as experimental materials to construct transcriptome and metabolome. The transcriptome and metabolomics were conjointly analyzed by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） database and weighted correlation network analysis （WGCNA）， and the key genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway of L. macranthoides were explored. ResultsIn this study， 77 differential phenylpropanoids and 315 differential genes were found. Through the joint analysis of transcription and metabolism， nine key differential metabolites and four key genes related to them were finally discovered. Among them， cinnamic acid， 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid，sinapyl alcohol， and chlorogenic acid were higher in flowers， and the content of the iconic effective component， namely chlorogenic acid，decreased sharply during the withering period. Caffeic acid，ferulic acid， 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde，p-coumaryl alcohol， and syringin were higher in leaves. These four key genes belong to the cinnamic alcohol dehydrogenase （CAD） family， 4-coumaric acid： Coenzyme A （4CL） family， hydroxycinnamyl transferase （HCT） family， and L-phenylalanine ammonlyase （PAL） family genes. ConclusionAmong the four key genes excavated from L. macranthoides， TRINITY_DN42767_c0_g6 is related to the synthesis of p-coumaryl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol. TRINITY_DN43525_c4_g1 uses caffeic acid，ferulic acid，and cinnamic acid as substrates to catalyze the next reaction. TRINITY_DN47958_c3_g4 correlates with the synthesis of 3-p-coumaroyl quinic acid and caffeoyl-CoA， and TRINITY_DN52595_c1_g2 correlates with cinnamic acid synthesis. These findings provide a basis for further exploring the synthesis and regulation mechanism of phenylpropanoids in "Xianglei" L. macranthoides.

BACKGROUND:Stand-alone oblique lateral interbody fusion has a high rate of complications of fusion segment sink.Oblique lateral interbody fusion with posterior fixation can provide stable support,but intraoperative position changes and double incisions weaken the advantages of this technique.Oblique lateral interbody fusion combined with lateral plate fixation can achieve one-stage decompression in the same incision,while the lateral internal fixation provides stable support. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the short-term efficacy of oblique lateral interbody fusion combined with lateral plate fixation in the treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative disease. METHODS:The clinical data of 34 patients with single-level lumbar degenerative disease treated with oblique lateral interbody fusion combined with lateral plate fixation were collected from May 2020 to October 2022.Among them,14 were males and 20 were females aged from 41 to 72 years at the mean age of(58.6±9.9)years.There were 11 cases of lumbar spondylolisthesis(Ⅰ°),7 cases of lumbar disc herniation with segmental instability,and 16 cases of lumbar spinal stenosis.Operation time,blood loss,and complications were recorded.Visual analog scale scores of lumbago,radiative pain of both lower limbs,and Oswestry disability index scores were evaluated before surgery,3 months after surgery,and the last follow-up.Dural sac cross-sectional area,intervertebral height,and intervertebral fusion were measured and observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The 34 patients were followed up for 14-36 months,with an average of(21.3±5.2)months.(2)The operation time ranged from 50 to 92 minutes,with an average of(68.5±11.1)minutes.Intraoperative blood loss was 50-170 mL,with an average of(71.6±25.3)mL.(3)Compared with the preoperative results,the visual analog scale scores and Oswestry disability index scores were significantly decreased at 3 months after surgery and at the last follow-up(P<0.001),and the maximum Oswestry disability index scores were improved by nearly 50％.(4)Bone fusion was achieved in all patients during half-year follow-up.The overall complication rate was 21％(7/34),including 1 case of plate displacement,3 cases of cage subsidence,1 case of psoas weakness,and 2 cases of anterior thigh pain.(5)It is concluded that oblique lateral interbody fusion combined with lateral plate fixation for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases has the characteristics of less blood loss,short operation time,rapid postoperative recovery,and significant short-term clinical efficacy with the stable support to a certain extent.The long-term curative effect needs further follow-up observation.

Liver fibrosis is a vital cause of morbidity in patients with liver diseases and developing novel anti-fibrotic drugs is imperative. Isovalerylspiramycin I (ISP I) as a major component of carrimycin applied to upper respiratory infections, was first found to possess anti-fibrotic potential. The present study aims to evaluate the functions and mechanisms of ISP I in protecting against liver fibrosis. According to our results, ISP I not only reduced the expressions of fibrogenic markers in LX-2 cells but also appeared great protective effects on liver injury and liver fibrosis in bile duct ligation (BDL) rats and carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) mice. We proved that nucleotide-binding protein 2 (NUBP2) was the direct target of ISP I. ISP I through targeting NUBP2, increased the amount of vascular non-inflammatory molecule-1 (VNN1) on the cell membrane, which will inhibit oxidative stress and fibrosis. Simultaneously, the original carrimycin's protective effect on liver damage and fibrosis was verified. Therefore, our study provides potential agents for patients with liver fibrosis-related diseases, and the clear mechanism supports wide application in the clinic.

Objective To verify the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)in wound healing and to explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods A murine excisional wound model was developed and mice were randomly assigned to control group and Alda-1(ALDH2 agonist)group.Wound healing rate and activity of ALDH2 were measured.Masson staining was used to observe the collagen fiber content,and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ALDH2 and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA).The expression of collagen typeⅠandⅢ(Col-Ⅰ,Col-Ⅲ),and the number of F4/80,inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and CD206 positive(F4/80+,iNOS+,CD206+)cells were analyzed using immunofluorescences.Furthermore,interleukin(IL)-4-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were treated with Alda-1 or CVT-10216(an ALDH2 inhibitor)in vitro.The proportion of F4/80+CD206+cells were analyzed using flow cytometry.Anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined using ELISA.The expression of protein associated with the AKT/mTOR pathway were detected via western blotting.Results Compared with control group,the wound healing rate of mice in the Alda-1 group was significantly improved,and the expression of Col-Ⅰ,Col-Ⅲ,and α-SMA in the wound surface increased.Although the number of F4/80+cells in wounds did not significantly differ,there was a decrease in iNOS+cells and an increase in CD206+cells.In vitro,compared to IL-4 group,IL-4+Alda-1 group exhibited an increased proportion of F4/80+CD206+macrophages and higher levels of anti-inflammatory factors,alongside a reduction in levels of pro-inflammatory factors.Conversely,IL-4+CVT-10216 group demonstrated a decreased proportion of F4/80+CD206+macrophages,lower levels of anti-inflammatory factors with a concomitant increase in pro-inflammatory factors.Additionally,the protein expressions of p-AKT and p-mTOR were significantly elevated in IL-4+Alda-1 group and diminished in IL-4+CVT-10216 group.Conclusion ALDH2 induces M2 macrophage polarization via AKT/mTOR pathway to promote wound healing in mice.

In the process of achieving the"Healthy China 2030"goal,the importance of health knowledge popularization behavior is increasingly prominent.Medical communication has emerged to meet the growing demand for medical popularization and improve the shortage of professional medical staff in medical knowledge popularization.At present,literature is relatively scarce on the development process of medical communication in the academic community.By analyzing the development process of this discipline,this paper divided the development process of the knowledge system of medical communication into three stages,including the"initial stage",the"practical exploration stage",and the"rapid development stage".After summarizing the different characteristics exhibited in the three stages,it can be concluded that the number of colleges and universities offering medical communication courses is gradually increasing,and social organizations such as the Society of Medical Communication have been established one after another,expanding the influence of the discipline.The development of medical communication not only helps to enhance the popularization and communication abilities of medical students,but also accelerates the development of China's health industry through its extensive influence at the practical level.

[Objective]To identify the relationship between tumor tissue interleukins(ILs)and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients with poor response to immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy,and to investigate the differ-ential expression of ILs in tumor of NSCLC patients as well as its effect on ICB response and prognosis.[Methods]A total of 61 patients diagnosed with NSCLC and treated with ICB were retrospectively collected from the data of a previous study.We obtained transcriptome sequencing data from tumor tissues and survival data of the patients before ICB treatment.Us-ing bioinformatics methods,we screened for ILs that significantly affected the efficacy and prognosis of ICB treatment.We evaluated the efficacy of ICB treatment using progressive-free survival(PFS)and assessed the prognosis using overall sur-vival(OS).The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and ROC curve were used to analyze the predictive effect and efficacy of ILs on the efficacy and prognosis of ICB in NSCLC patients.[Results]The results of the univariate Cox regression analysis in our study showed that nine ILs were found to be associated with OS of NSCLC patients treated with ICB at a significance level of P<0.1.Further multivariate analysis revealed that high expression of IL-11,IL-17D,and IL-36A was significant-ly associated with poor prognosis in these patients(P<0.05).The results from the Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the high expression of IL-17D and both PFS and OS in NSCLC patients.Specifically,patients with IL-17D high expression had a median PFS of 3.1 months compared with 6.5 months in low ex-pression patients[95%confidence interval(CI)(1.178,3.655),P=0.009].Similarly,the median OS was 9.8 months in the high expression group versus 21.8 months in the low expression group[95%CI(1.116,4.392),P=0.018].ROC curve showed that the prediction performance was favorable[AUCPFS=0.702,95%CI(0.562,0.842),P=0.027;AU-COS=0.684,95%CI(0.550,0.818),P=0.014].Although IL-11 and IL-36A alone were not significant predictors of PFS and OS in NSCLC patients,the median PFS and OS were notably shortened to 2.2 months(P=0.003)and 3.0 months(P<0.001),respectively,when high expression of IL-11 and IL-36A was combined with high expression of IL-17D.The ROC curve analysis demonstrated an improvement in prediction efficiency for both PFS and OS in NSCLC patients[AUCPFS=0.748,95%CI(0.615,0.880),P=0.007;AUCOS=0.703,95%CI(0.573,0.833),P=0.007].[Conclu-sion]The results suggest that high expression of IL-11,IL-17D,and IL-36A is associated with a higher risk of disease progression which correlates to poor PFS and OS in NSCLC patients.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of parasitic infections in market-sold aquatic products in Shanghai Municipality, and to understand the knowledge and practice towards food-borne parasitic diseases among residents, so as to provide insights into the surveillance and control of food-borne parasitic diseases. Methods Freshwater products, seawater products and pickled products were randomly obtained from agricultural trade markets, supermarkets, retail stores and restaurants in Huangpu, Putuo, Minhang and Qingpu districts of Shanghai Municipality from 2020 to 2023. Parasite metacercariae and larvae were detected in these aquatic products using pressing method, digestion method and the dissection method, and the detection of parasitic infection was compared in different types of aquatic products. In addition, the knowledge and practice towards food-borne parasitic diseases were investigated among residents aged 10-80 years old who randomly selected from agricultural trade markets, supermarkets, community streets and other population concentration areas in these four districts by questionnaire in 2023, and the awareness of food-borne parasitic diseases knowledge and percentage of healthy behaviors formation were analyzed. Results A total of 2 109 aquatic products sampled from Huangpu, Putuo, Minhang and Qingpu districts of Shanghai Municipality from 2020 to 2023 were detected, and there were 317 products detected with parasitic infections, with an overall detection rate of 15.03%. There were 8 products detected with parasitic infections in 1 221 freshwater products, with a detection rate of 0.66%, and Clonorchis sinensis was the predominant parasite, which was detected in Pseudorasbora parva, Rhodeus amarus and Carassius auratus. There were 82 products detected with parasitic infections in 501 seawater products, with a detection rate of 16.37%, and Anisakis was the predominant parasite, which was detected in Trichiurus lepturus, Larimichthys polyactis, Pneumatophorus japonicus, Collchthys lucidus, Mugil cephalus, Larimichthys crocea, Scomberomorus niphonius, Stromateoides argenteus and Cololabis saira. There were 227 products detected with parasitic infections in 387 pickled products, with a detection rate of 58.66%, and the prevalence rates of Echinostoma metacercariae were 76.27% (225/295) in Bullacta exarata and 11.11% (2/18) in crab pastes, respectively (χ² = 159.511, P < 0.05). No Paragonimus infection was found in freshwater shrimps, crabs and pickled products, and no Diphyllobothrium latum larvae infection was detected in freshwater and seawater fish. Questionnaire surveys showed that the awareness of food-borne parasitic diseases knowledge was 79.00% (222/281), and the percentages of washing hands before and after meals, not drinking filtered water or tap water directly, not eating raw or semi-raw food, being willing to change special dietary preferences or bad living habits for health, and being willing to learn more about food-borne parasitic diseases knowledge were 99.64% (280/281), 72.24% (203/281), 56.23% (158/281), 96.80% (272/281) and 97.51% (274/281) among residents living in Huangpu, Putuo, Minhang and Qingpu districts, respectively. Conclusions There are food-borne parasite contaminations in market-sold aquatic products in Shanghai Municipality. Although residents are aware of food-borne parasitic diseases knowledge, sustainable surveillance of food-borne parasitic diseases and improved health education are required to minimize the risk of human parasitic infections.

Objective To analyze and discuss the medication rule of professor Ruan Yan in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis by using data mining method,and to provide reference for the clinical research and patented drugs development for the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis.Methods The outpatient medical records of professor Ruan Yan for the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis were collected.Microsoft Excel 2010 software was used for frequency statistics.SPSS Clementine 12.0 software was used for association rule analysis,cluster analysis and factor analysis to obtain the data.The frequency of use of various drugs and the association rules between drugs were obtained.Then the medication rules in professor Ruan Yan's prescription were analyzed.Results A total of 308 Chinese medicine compounds were included,involving 80 kinds of Chinese medicines,among which relieving drugs and qi-invigorating herbs were high-frequently used.The distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types was mainly characterized by lung-qi deficiency-cold syndrome and lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome.The medicinal properties were mainly spicy,warm and sweet,and most of them belonged to the lung,spleen and stomach meridians.Five core prescriptions were extracted by factor analysis.Four drug combinations were obtained by systematic cluster analysis.Conclusion Ventilating lung and opening the orifices,expelling wind and removing cold,strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi are basic therapeutic principles for professor Ruan Yan in the treatment of children with allergic rhinitis.The treatment mainly focused on dispelling evil,ventilating lung and opening the orifices,expelling wind and removing cold during the acute stage of allergic rhinitis.In the remission period,according to the principle of"treating disease must be based on its origin",the treatment should enhance children's physical fitness,tonify lung and strengthen spleen,thereby reducing recurrence.

Lung cancer is the cancer type with the highest incidence rate and mortality among malignant tumors in China.Tumor associated macrophages(TAMs)are closely related to the occurrence,development,invasion and metastasis,and treatment tolerance of lung cancer.This article explored the etiology and pathogenesis of lung cancer in TCM,as well as the key role of TAMs in lung cancer.It was found that the local imbalance of yin and yang in TAMs,as well as the overall imbalance of yin and yang in the tumor microenvironment and whole body,were important reasons for the formation and progression of lung cancer.In the progression and sequelae of lung cancer,M1 and M2 type TAMs each plays different roles and has different yin and yang properties.Both of them maintain a constantly developing and changing state of mutual use,opposing constraints,and balance of growth and decline.Based on the yin-yang theory in TCM,according to the progression of lung cancer and the imbalance of yin and yang,rational selection and medication can adjust the phenotype of TAMs,promote the overall balance of yin and yang,and provide reference for the clinical prevention and treatment of lung cancer.