ObjectiveTo explore the brain mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on dysfunction after stroke using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). MethodsLiteratures about the functional magnetic resonance imaging study about repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for dysfunction after stroke were retrieved in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang data from establishment to June 1st, 2021. The quality of the literature was evaluated with Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Literature screening, and data extraction were performed by two researchers. ResultsA total of 14 randomized controlled trials were finally enrolled. They were of high or very high quality. They mainly involved the therapeutic effect and imaging mechanisms of rTMS on dysfunction after stroke. ConclusionrTMS could change the excitability of the cerebral cortex and the effective connections between brain regions after stroke, promote the reorganization of brain function, and achieve the recovery of post-stroke dysfunction.

Mitochondria are the most abundant organelles in oocytes. Successful fertilization and embryo development are heavily dependent upon inherent qualities of the oocytes, and thus reliant upon mitochondrial function of oocyte maturation. In addition to energy supply,mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that involved in many biological processes such as protein homeostasis in the cytoplasm and intracellular signaling pathways. With the development of assisted reproductive technology, more and more researches focus on the function of mitochondria on oocytes maturation, aging and pre-implantation embryonic development. In this review, we discuss the functions and changes of mitochondria during oogenesis, focusing on the consideration for therapeutic applications of mitochondrial replacement therapy in the treatment of mitochondrial diseases.

Mitochondria are the most abundant organelles in oocytes. Successful fertilization and embryo development are heavily dependent upon inherent qualities of the oocytes, and thus reliant upon mitochondrial function of oocyte maturation. In addition to energy supply,mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that involved in many biological processes such as protein homeostasis in the cytoplasm and intracellular signaling pathways. With the development of assisted reproductive technology, more and more researches focus on the function of mitochondria on oocytes maturation, aging and pre-implantation embryonic development. In this review, we discuss the functions and changes of mitochondria during oogenesis, focusing on the consideration for therapeutic applications of mitochondrial replacement therapy in the treatment of mitochondrial diseases.

Objective:To analyze the inter-observer consistency of Smart 3D super microvascular imaging (Smart-3D SMI) in evaluating the blood flow of breast lesions.Methods:Prospective study on Smart-3D SMI images of 225 cases of continuous breast lesions in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January to December 2018. Two sonographers conducted qualitative evaluation of vascular architecture(VA) under Smart-3D SMI, and took the mean value of three measurements evaluations of vascular index(VI). Weighted Kappa was used to test the consistency of the vascular architecture, and Bland-Altman scatter plot was used to calculate the 95% consistency limit of the measured data for the VI value. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze whether the absolute difference of VI between observers was correlated with the mean value of VI.Results:The Weighted Kappa coefficient of Smart-3D SMI for the evaluation of VA by two sonographers was 0.839 (95% CI was 0.795-0.881, P<0.001), showing strong inter-observer consistency. Bland-Altman plot analysis of VI value showed that the value of 95.11% was within the clinically acceptable range and had good consistency, and there was a correlation between the difference of VI value between observers and the value of VI mean ( r s=0.639, P<0.001). Conclusions:There is a good inter-observer consistency in evaluating the blood vascular architecture and quantitatively measuring the blood flow abundance by Smart-3D SMI.

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, accurate personalized treatments for tumor have attracted more attention to increase the therapeutic effects and reduce the side effects. The emerging theranostic systems incorporating different therapeutic and diagnostic imaging capabilities have become a new research hotspot. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(IONP)have been widely used in theranostic systems due to their unique imaging properties, stable thermal performance, excellent biocompatibility and admirable surface modifiability. In this review, we analyzed the advantages of IONP in the diagnosis and the treatment of tumor, and detailedly introduced the relevant strategies and latest research progress, including magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), photothermal therapy, magnetic hyperthermia, and magnetic targeted drug delivery, etc. Finally, the potential application of IONP in the clinical tumor theranostics was proposed.