Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted much attention because of their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. The microbial reduction of selenium salts to SeNPs has great potential, while there is a lack of elite strains. In this study, we explored the reduction of Na₂SeO₃ by Streptomyces avermitilis into SeNPs. The colonies and hyphae of the strain and the synthesized SeNPs were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). At the same time, the inhibitory activity of SeNPs on Fusarium oxysporum, the main pathogen causing root rot of Lycium barbarum, was studied. The results showed that S. avermitilis converted Na₂SeO₃ into SeNPs and tolerated 300 mmol/L Na₂SeO₃, demonstrating strong tolerance. S. avermitilis synthesized spherical SeNPs in the cytoplasm, and most of SeNPs had a diameter of about 100 nm and were released by hyphal fracture. The SeNPs synthesized by S. avermitilis were amorphous, and their surfaces were dominated by C and Se, with the existence of O, N and other elements. SeNPs had functional groups such as -OH, C=O, C-N, and C-H, which were closely related to the stability and biological activity of SeNPs. The SeNPs synthesized by S. avermitilis showcased significant inhibitory activity on F. oxysporum, and 25.0 μmol/mL SeNPs showcased the inhibition rate of 77.61% and EC₅₀ of 0.556 μmol/mL. In conclusion, S. avermitilis can tolerate high Na₂SeO₃ stress and mediate the synthesis of SeNPs. The synthesized SeNPs have good stability and strong inhibitory activity, demonstrating the potential application value in the preparation of SeNPs and the control of L. barbarum root rot.
Streptomyces/metabolism* ; Fusarium/drug effects* ; Lycium/microbiology* ; Selenium/metabolism* ; Nanoparticles/chemistry* ; Plant Diseases/microbiology* ; Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry* ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology*

This paper summarized the clinical experience of professor XUAN Guowei in treating non-specific vulvitis from spleen. He believes that the core pathological mechanism of this condition lies in spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation； in the acute phase， spleen deficiency is taken as the root cause and damp-heat toxins accumulated in the vulva as the key； in the chronic phase， spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation is the main pathogenesis， accompanied by kidney deficiency. In clinical practice， the basic method of fortifying spleen and eliminating dampness is used， and self-made Jianpi Shenshi Formula （健脾渗湿方） is recommended as the basic prescription. During the acute phase， the medicinals of clearing heat and resolving toxins are supplemented， while during the chronic phase， medicinals aims at fortifying the spleen and consolidating the kidneys， boosting qi and nourishing yin are added. Simultaneously， there is an emphasis on integrated treatment combining internal and external treatment， and both Chinese and western medicine， and he highlights the importance of daily prevention and care for patients. Additionally， external used Xiaoyan Zhiyang Cream （消炎止痒霜） is created.

Based upon the experiences of planning and implementation of "Dynamic changes of Torque Teno virus load in Chinese renal transplant recipients with immunosuppressive therapy: A multi-center prospective observational double-blind cohort study", this article explored the current status and major difficulties of investigator-initiated multi-center prospective clinical trials of kidney transplantation in China. Various issues of organization design and implementation process management were discussed for enhancing the quality of implementing the relevant trials.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1) based on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa).Methods:A total of 561 patients who underwent prostate mpMRI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from June 2015 to December 2020 due to elevated prostate specific antigen were collected ambispectively. The patients were divided into csPCa group (276 cases) and non-csPCa group (285 cases) according to pathological findings. Prostate were scored according to the PI-RADS v2.1 scoring standard by a junior and a senior radiologist. The prostate volume was measured and the prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) was calculated. The diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI images were processed to measure the quantitative parameters of the index lesion, including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), volume transfer constant (K trans) and rate constant (K ep) values. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the difference in parameters between the two groups. The predictors of csPCa were screened by logistic regression analysis. Predictive model of multi-parameter was established. The receiver operator characteristic curves were used to evaluate the efficacy of PI-RADS v2.1 and the model in diagnosing csPCa, and the comparisons of area under the curve (AUC) were conducted by DeLong test. Results:Compared with non-csPCa group, the patients in csPCa group had higher PI-RADS score of senior physician, PSAD, K trans and K ep value, lower ADC value ( Z=-16.69, -12.49, -3.43, -4.67, 13.91, all P<0.001). The PI-RADS scores of senior physician (OR=3.064, 95%CI 2.428-3.866, P<0.001), PSAD (OR=1.554, 95%CI 1.170-2.064, P=0.002) and ADC value (OR=0.095, 95%CI 0.032-0.288, P<0.001) were the predictors of csPCa. The AUC of junior, senior physician PI-RADS and combined prediction model were 0.861 (95%CI 0.830-0.892), 0.895 (95%CI 0.868-0.922) and 0.923 (95%CI 0.898-0.944). The pairwise difference was statistically significant (the PI-RADS score between the junior and senior physicians Z=3.24, P=0.001, the difference between the PI-RADS score of junior physician and prediction model Z=5.54, P<0.001, the difference between the PI-RADS score of senior physician and prediction model Z=4.20, P<0.001). Conclusion:Based on mpMRI, the application of PI-RADS v2.1 by junior and senior radiologists has the high diagnostic efficacy for csPCa, and the multi-parameter model has the best diagnostic efficacy for csPCa.

Humans ; Bacteremia ; Cross Infection ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology* ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Tertiary Care Centers ; China

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among adult residents in Hefei City, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the dyslipidemia control strategy. Methods: A total of 10 812 permanent residents at ages of 18 years were randomly sampled from 5 counties (districts) in Hefei City using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. Participants' demographic features, dietary behaviors and development of chronic diseases were collected using questionnaire surveys, and the height, body weight, waist circumference and blood lipids were measured. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was analyzed, and the factors affecting the development of dyslipidemia were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 10 812 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 92.02%. The participants had a male to female ratio of 0.85∶1, a mean age of (51.89±12.56) years. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 25.20%, and hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were predominant types of dyslipidemia, with prevalence of 12.70% and 10.20%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that urban areas (OR=1.340, 95%CI: 1.219-1.474), age of 40 years and older (40 to 59 years, OR=1.181, 95%CI: 1.047-1.333; 60 to 88 years, OR=1.321, 95%CI: 1.154-1.513), alcohol consumption (OR=1.205, 95%CI: 1.093-1.329), insufficient physical activity (OR=1.217, 95%CI: 1.111-1.332), static behavior duration of 3 h/d and longer (OR=1.126, 95%CI: 1.027-1.234), overweight (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.045-1.291), obesity (OR=1.310, 95%CI: 1.097-1.564), central pre-obesity (OR=1.236, 95%CI: 1.102-1.387), central obesity (OR=1.414, 95%CI: 1.247-1.603), hypertension (OR=1.279, 95%CI: 1.107-1.477), diabetes (OR=2.192, 95%CI: 1.820-2.640), medical insurance (OR=0.594, 95%CI: 0.395-0.893) and self-rated “very good/good” oral health (OR=0.731, 95%CI: 0.576-0.927) were factors affecting the development of dyslipidemia. Conclusion The risk of dyslipidemia is high among adult residents living in urban areas, middle-aged and elderly residents, residents with alcohol consumption, insufficient physical activity, overweight, obesity, central pre-obesity, central obesity, hypertension and diabetes.

Objective To analyze the expression of ROCK2 in osteosarcoma tissues and explore its effect on the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells and related mechanism. Methods Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the expression of ROCK2 in osteosarcoma tissues. The migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells were analyzed by wound-healing and Transwell assays after the knockdown of ROCK2 expression. The effect of reducing ROCK2 expression on metastasis in vivo was tested by tail vein metastasis experiment. We detected the expression of EMT-related proteins in osteosarcoma cells, and added the EMT inducer TGF-β to osteosarcoma cells with down-regulated ROCK2 expression to detect the changes of cell invasion and migration. Results The expression of ROCK2 in osteosarcoma tissues was significantly higher than that in corresponding adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). After down-regulating the expression of ROCK2 in osteosarcoma cells, the invasion and migration abilities in vivo and in vitro were significantly inhibited (P < 0.05). The expression of EMT-related protein E-cadherin decreased, while N-cadherin and Vimentin proteins increased significantly. Inducing EMT could attenuate the inhibitory effect of down-regulating ROCK2 on the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. Conclusion The expression of ROCK2 is increased in osteosarcoma tissues, which promotes the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells by inducing EMT. ROCK2 may be a potential biomarker for targeted therapy of osteosarcoma.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) in the surgical treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. Methods: All literatures of OLIF performed in lumbar degenerative diseases were searched in recognized databases including Pubmed, OVID, Embase, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, springer, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases. Methodological Indexfor Non-randomized Studies (MINORS) was used to evaluate the quality of the literatures. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 15.0 statistical software. Results: A total of 35 literatures were included, including 22 English literatures and 13 Chinese literatures. There were 3 630 patients with 45.2% of males, aged from 14 to 89 years old (mean, 62.6 years). The average of length of stay (LOS), operation time (OT) and blood loss (BL) of OLIF procedure were 6.7 days, 117 minutes, and 128 ml, respectively. The VAS scores of low back pain of postoperative and final follow-up decreased by 4.33 and 4.70, respectively. The VAS scores of leg pain decreased by 4.57 points and 5.31, respectively. Compared with preoperative, the postoperative JOA score increased by 7.58 and the postoperative ODI were also improved by 33.89%. All the postoperative imaging data were significantly different from those before surgery. The surgical level intervertebral heightincreased 4.14 mm, and the intervertebral foramen height and intervertebral foramen area increased by 3.54 mm, 53.96 mm², while the dura sac cross-sectional area increased by 36.61 mm², and the overall lumbar lordosis increased by 13.78° with the local segmental lordosis increased by 4.62°. The overall incidence of complications of OLIF was 32%, with a 95% confidence interval of 25%-38%. Conclusion OLIF is a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. OLIF has a simply procedure and short learning curve, with short LOS and operation time, less blood loss. OLIF can effectively open the narrow intervertebral space and increase the spinal canal and nerve root canal, significantly improve the symptoms, while the complication rate is low, so OLIF is worthy of widespread clinical application.

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic compound that exists in many medicinal species of Boraginaceae and Lamiaceae. The previous studies have revealed that RA had therapeutic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the H22-xenograft models by inhibiting the inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB p65 pathway in the tumor microenvironment. However, its molecular mechanisms of immunoregulation and pro-apoptotic effect in HCC have not been fully explored. In the present study, RA at 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg was given to H22 tumor-bearing mice via gavage once a day for 10 days. The results showed that RA can effectively inhibit the tumor growth through regulating the ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ and the secretion of interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon-γ, inhibiting the expressions of IL-6, IL-10 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, thereby up-regulating Bax and Caspase-3 and down-regulating Bcl-2. The underlying mechanisms involved regulation of immune response and induction of HCC cell apoptosis. These results may provide a more comprehensive perspective to clarify the anti-tumor mechanism of RA in HCC.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Boraginaceae ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Caspase 3 ; Cytokines ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukins ; Lamiaceae ; Mice ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; Therapeutic Uses ; Tumor Microenvironment

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety of pitavastatin comparison of atorvastatin in the treatment of primary hypedipemia in Chinese adults,and to provide evidence-based reference for clinic.METHODS:Retrieved from The Cochrane Library,PubMed,Chinese Journal Full-text Database,Wanfang database,and manually search Google Scholar,Baidu academic search engine,randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about pitavastatin (trial group) vs.atorvastatin (control group) in the treatment of primary hyperlipemia in Chinese adults were collected.After literature screening,data extraction,quality evaluation of included studies with modified Jadad scale,Meta-analysis of the levels of total cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),response rate and the incidence of ADR was conducted by using Rev Man 5.3 statistical software.RESULTS:A total of 5 RCTs were included,involving 456 patients.Results of Meta-analysis showed that the decrease of TC level [MD=0.09,95％CI(0.01,0.16),P=0.03] in trial group was more better than control group,while the increase of HDL-C level [MD=0.08,95％ CI (0.01,0.14),P=0.03] and the decrease of the TG level [MD=-0.13,95％ CI (-0.20,-0.06),P=0.000 4] in trial group were worse than control group,with statistical significance.There was no statistical difference in the decrease of LDL-C[MD=-0.01,95％ CI (-0.13,0.10),P=0.84],response rate [OR=0.75,95％CI (0.15,3.66),P=0.72] or the incidence of ADR [OR=0.68,95 ％ CI (0.44,1.05),P=0.08] between 2 groups.CONCLUSIONS:Pitavastatin has better therapeutic efficacy in decreasing TC,but its therapeutic efficacy in decreasing LDL-C is similar to that of atorvastatin;its therapeutic efficacy in decreasing TG and increasing HDL-C is worse than that of atorvastatin.The safety of them is equivalent.