ObjectiveTo evaluate the overall dietary intake of adult residents in Sijing Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai, and to explore the association between dietary health literacy and diet quality. MethodsA total of 1 280 adult residents were selected as the research subjects using a multi-stage sampling method, and face-to-face questionnaire surveys were administered on site. Dietary intake data were collected using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and the overall diet quality of the participants was evaluated based on the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI). Participants were divided into low- and high-CHEI groups according to the median CHEI score. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between dietary health literacy and diet quality. ResultsThe median CHEI score for adults in the area was 63.68 points. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that adults with lower dietary health literacy had lower CHEI scores and poorer overall diet quality compared to those with higher dietary health literacy (OR=1.435, 95%CI:1.132‒1.819). ConclusionThe overall diet quality of adult residents in this region requires improvement. There is a significant positive correlation between the level of dietary health literacy and CHEI scores, suggesting that enhancing dietary health literacy may be an important strategy to improve resident’ dietary quality.

Objective: To investigate the effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mortality and years of life lost (YLL). Methods: Mortality data in Haizhu District, Guangzhou City from 2020 to 2024 were collected by the China Population Death Information Registration Management System and Guangdong Death Certificate Management System. Air pollution and meteorological data of the same period were obtained from the national environmental monitoring sites on the National Real-time Air Quality Release Platform and the Guangzhou Observatory, respectively. The single-pollutant model and multi-pollutant model were established by distributed lag non-linear model to analyze the effects of PM2.5 on AMI mortality and YLL. Results: From 2020 to 2024, there were 2 466 AMI death cases in Haizhu District, including 949 males and 1 517 females. Among them, 530 cases were aged <65 years, 494 cases were aged 65-74 years, and 1 442 cases were aged >74 years. The median daily average number of deaths was 1.3 (interquartile range, 2.0) cases, and the median daily average YLL was 16.4 (interquartile range, 24.8) person years. The median daily average mass concentration of PM2.5 was 24.3 (interquartile range, 18.0) μg/m3. In single-pollutant models, the maximum effects of PM2.5 on AMI mortality and YLL were observed at a cumulative lag of 7 days. For per 10 μg/m3 increment in the daily average concentration of PM2.5, the excess risk of AMI mortality increased by 8.793% (95%CI: 4.201% to 13.588%), and YLL increased by 2.059 (95%CI: 1.081 to 3.037) person-years. Gender-stratified analyses showed that PM2.5 significantly affected AMI mortality in males and YLL in males and females (all P<0.05). Age-stratified analyses revealed that PM2.5 significantly affected AMI mortality and YLL among residents aged <65 years and 65-74 years (all P<0.05). However, the difference between genders or the two age groups was not statistically significant (both P>0.05). In multi-pollutant models, when NO2, SO2, or O3 were introduced respectively at a cumulative lag of 7 days, the effects of PM2.5 on AMI mortality and YLL were enhanced compared to the single-pollutant model (all P<0.05). When PM10 was introduced alone or in combination with PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3, the effects of PM2.5 on AMI mortality and YLL were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Conclusion Exposure to PM2.5 may increase the risk of AMI mortality and YLL, with varying effects across populations of different genders and ages.

There is no unified international guidelines or consensus on seizures and epilepsy following acute stroke reperfusion therapy so far.In this review,we briefly summarize its definitions and mechanisms.Post stroke epilepsy after reperfusion treatment is defined as patients with ischemic stroke who have received intravenous thrombolysis and/or endovascular therapy,without other definitive causes or epilepsy history before stroke,have at least two epileptic seizures occurred within 7 days of stroke onset,or at least one epileptic seizures occurred within 30 days of stroke onset.The incidence rate of epilepsy after intravenous thrombolysis is about 6.4%-20.6%,and arterial thrombectomy is about 5%.The pathophysiological mechanism of post stroke epilepsy after reperfusion treatment may be related to local hyperfusion,epileptogenic properties of tPA and hemorrhagic transformation.Higher stroke severity,cortical involvement,middle cerebral artery infarction,and early post-stroke seizures may be predictive factors for post-stroke epilepsy after reperfusion therapy.Levetiracetam and lamotrigine may be effective drugs for post-stroke epilepsy after reperfusion therapy.Sustained seizures after thrombolysis may increase the risk of death.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)is a common disease in the elderly,with an increasing incidence rate,easy rupture,high mortality,and no effective drugs to slow down the development of AAA.The pathogenesis of AAA is closely related to extracellular matrix degradation,apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells and inflammation.It has been found that arachidonic acid derivatives,especially prostaglandins such as prostaglandin E2(PGE2),prostaglandin D2(PGD2)and thromboxane A2(TXA2),play important roles in the development of AAA.Therefore,this review discusses the mechanism of arachidonic acid derivatives in the development of AAA,as well as the latest re-search progress of the drugs,to provide ideas for the treatment of AAA and the discovery of new drug targets.

Extended reality (XR) includes a variety of visualisation technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality. It refers to a combination of the real and the virtual entities through computers to create a virtual environment where human and computer can interact, characterized by immersion, interactivity, conceptualization, and combination of reality and fiction. Recently, great progress has been made in the application of XR in the fields of medical education, precision medicine, telemedicine, surgical assistance and navigation so that XR has drawn increasing attention. This paper briefly describes the concept of XR and its technological development, expounds its clinical application in orthopedics, surgery in particular, analyzes the existing problems and difficulties, and predicts its future development trend. This review may help readers gain a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the history, current status and future development of intelligent orthopaedics based on XR technology.

Objective:To explore the current situation of hypoglycemia fear of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the community, identify different types of hypoglycemia fear among elderly T2DM patients in the community by latent profile analysis, and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for formulating intervention measures.Methods:From February to April 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 300 elderly T2DM patients from three community health service centers in Shunqing District, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province as the research subject. The self-designed General Information Questionnaire, the Chinese Version Hypoglycemia Fear Survey-Ⅱ (CHFS-Ⅱ), and the Summary Diabetes Self Care Activities (SDSCA) were used to investigate the patients, and the latent profile of hypoglycemia fear was analyzed. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of different latent categories of hypoglycemic fear in elderly T2DM patients in the community.Results:A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed, and 290 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 96.7% (290/300). Among 290 elderly T2DM patients in the community, the hypoglycemia fear could be divided into two latent categories, including the "moderate worry-normal coping" group ( n=134) and the "high fear-cautious behavior" group ( n=156). The binary Logistic regression showed that marital status, whether there were complications of diabetes, treatment plan and self-management were the factors influencing the latent categories of elderly T2DM patients in the community, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There are classification characteristics of hypoglycemic fear levels in elderly T2DM patients in the community. Community medical and nursing staff should early identify patients in the "high fear-cautious behavior" group, regularly carry out targeted hypoglycemic health education and psychological intervention, reduce their hypoglycemic fear, and improve their quality of life.

Objective:To construct and validate a theoretical model of residents′ willingness to participate in tiered medical care based on harmonious management theory, providing reference for promoting the tiered medical care system and aiding governmental decision-making.Methods:Based on the harmonious management theory and literature review, a model capturing residents′ propensity to engage in tiered medical care was formulated. Using convenience sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 2 067 residents from 24 communities in Zhejiang province from April to May 2022. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the survey results, and multilevel linear regression and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the driving mechanism of residents′ willingness to participate in tiered medical care.Results:The willingness rate of residents to participate in tiered medical care was 69.7%, which was at an average level. Regression insights highlighted the positive influence of policy support perception ( β=0.170, P<0.01), awareness of management mechanisms ( β=0.093, P<0.01), cognitive attitudes ( β=0.102, P<0.01), and trust levels ( β=0.244, P<0.01) on residents′ participation willingness. In contrast, resource allocation perceptions lacked a significant effect ( β=0.065, P>0.05). The structural equation model revealed that cognitive attitudes played a mediating role in the " policy system perception → participation willingness" and " management mechanism perception → participation willingness" pathways, with effect sizes of 0.030 and 0.039, respectively. Trust levels also mediated these paths, with effect sizes of 0.039 and 0.045, and entirely mediated the " resource allocation perception → participation willingness" path, registering an effect size of 0.053. Conclusions:The harmonious management theory can be used to explain the formation mechanism of residents′ willingness to participate in tiered medical care. The government and medical institutions urgently need to further improve residents′ awareness of tiered medical care, focus on enhancing residents′ trust, and further improve policies and management measures such as financial investment, medical insurance reimbursement, and referral systems.

The clinical data of a child with bronchial Dieulafoy disease treated in Wuhan Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, was analyzed retrospectively.The patient was a 9-month-old boy, who was admitted to hospital due to " intermittent hematemesis vomiting blood for 6 hours" . Chest CT suggested ground-glass opacity in both lungs.Electronic bronchoscopy showed that the neoplasm bulged into the lumen at the opening of the right inferior lobar bronchus, and fresh blood oozed from the basal segment of the neoplasm during the operation.Bronchial arteriography and transcatheter bronchial artery embolization were performed due to recurrent hemoptysis, during which the patient was diagnosed with bronchial arterial vascular malformation and finally diagnosed with bronchial Dieulafoy disease after consulting the relevant literatures.The disease is infrequent and characterized by rupture hemorrhage of bronchial submucosal malformed artery, the etiology and pathogenesis of which are still unclear, and it may be related to congenital vascular malformation in children.Bronchoscopy for hemoptysis of unknown cause in children should be performed with caution.If small and smooth protruded nodular lesions are seen under the bronchoscope, the bronchial Dieulafoy disease should be considered, and the lesions should not be touched too much or subjected to biopsy blindly.Fatal massive hemorrhage can be avoided by bronchial arteriography and bronchial artery embolization.

【Objective】 To establish a prediction model of clinical blood demand in Suzhou urban area by ARIMA model, and to predict future clinical blood demand by sorting out the historical data, so as to guide the reasonable collection and scientific deployment of blood resources, and achieve the balance of clinical blood supply and demand. 【Methods】 The monthly data of clinical use of plasma components in Suzhou city from 2009 to 2019 were obtained, and analyzed by SPSS26 software and ARIMA model. Through model identification, parameter estimation and optimal model test, the optimal model for clinical blood prediction was determined and used to predict the clinical consumption of plasma components from January to November 2020. The predicted value was compared with the actual value to verify the prediction effect of the model. 【Results】 The optimal model was ARIMA(0, 1, 1)(0, 1, 1)12. The values of ACF autocorrelation function and PACF partial autocorrelation function of residual were both within 95%CI. Meanwhile, the Yang-Box Q statistic value was 11.596, P>0.05, which passed the white noise test. The predicted values of clinical consumption of plasma components in Suzhou urban area from January to November 2020 were all within 95%CI, consistent with the trend of actual values, with small mean relative error(7.9%) and good prediction effect. 【Conclusion】 ARIMA model can be used for short-term prediction on clinical use of plasma components in Suzhou city, and provide reference for reasonable collection, preparation and scientific deployment.

Objective:To analyze the surgical methods of operable breast cancer and analyze the follow-up results.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathological data of 636 operable breast cancer patients admitted to Zibo First Hospital from July 2008 to April 2018, including the clinical stage, pathological staging. Analyze of the proportion of four surgical methods, and through follow-up, analyze the treatment effect of different surgical methods.Results:All patients are female, aged 26-80 years, the clinical stage of 636 patients: Tis 18 cases, stage Ⅰ 143 cases, stage Ⅱ 354 cases, stage Ⅲ 114 cases, stage Ⅳ 7 cases. There are four types of surgery: ① breast conserving surgery + sentinel lymph node biopsy in 124 cases (19.50%); ② breast conserving surgery + axillary lymph node dissection in 39 cases (6.13%); ③ mastectomy + sentinel lymph node biopsy in 163 cases (25.63%); ④ modified radical surgery in 310 cases (48.74%). Sentinel lymph node biopsy in 427 cases (67.14%), success in 404 patients (94.61%); all patients with lymph node negative 384 cases (60.38%). Follow-up for 1 to 9 years, 11 cases of local recurrence after breast-conserving surgery, It accounted for 6.75% of breast-conserving surgery; 43 cases of local recurrence of chest wall after mastectomy, accounting for mastectomy 9.09%; 33 cases of recurrence and metastasis of axillary lymph nodes and supraclavicular lymph nodes, 4 cases of axillary recurrence after sentinel lymph node biopsy.Conclusions:The proportion of breast-conserving surgery in this group of patients was high and the local recurrence rate of breast-conserving surgery was less than that of mastectomy group; the proportion of simple modified radical surgery declined further; patients with axillary lymph node metastasis were less in the whole group. The choice of reasonable operation method is an important factor to improve the prognosis of breast cancer.