ObjectiveTo investigate the safety and efficacy of transparent cap-assisted peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy （EHL）. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 60 patients with large common bile duct stones who were admitted to Department of Gastroenterology， Jilin People’s Hospital， from May 1， 2023 to January 31， 2026， and according to the treatment method， the patients were divided into transparent cap-assisted peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy group and peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy group， with 30 patients in each group. The two groups were compared in terms of the rate of successful single-session stone fragmentation and removal， procedural time， duration of electrohydraulic lithotripsy， clinical success rate， and complications. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. ResultsCompared with the peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy group， the transparent cap-assisted peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy group had a significantly higher technical success rate （83.33% vs 60.00%， χ²=4.022， P=0.045） and significantly shorter procedural time ［46.00 （42.25 — 49.00） min vs 54.50 （42.00 — 65.00） min， Z=2.012， P=0.044］ and duration of electrohydraulic lithotripsy ［8.00 （6.25 — 11.75） min vs 13.50 （9.25 — 17.75） min， Z=2.749， P=0.006］. Both groups achieved a clinical success rate of 100%， with no significant difference in the incidence rate of complications （P>0.05）. ConclusionTransparent cap-assisted peroral cholangiopancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy has a high rate of successful single-session stone fragmentation and removal and a short procedural time， with good safety and efficacy， and therefore， it holds promise for clinical application.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic glycometabolism disorder and lipoid metabolism disorder are often reciprocal causation, which cause the reduction of hepatic glycogen and the changes of many plasma factors. Hence, the occurrence of vascular complications in heart, kidney and brain is common. It becomes a hot topic in latest researches to find an effective medicine for the secondary prevention of diabetes.OBJECTIVE: To study the interventional effects of leizhusun' s juice on hepatic glycogen, plasma glucose and blood fat.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled observatory study by employing experimental animals as subjects.SETTING: Laboratory of Pharmacy College of Xianning College.MATERIALS: Totally 40 male Wistar rats with a bodymass of (230 ± 20) g were obtained from the Experimental Animal Center of Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area.METHODS: The diabetic rat model was established by the injection of Alloxan(200 mg/kg) into abdominal cavity in the laboratory of Pharmacy College of Xianning University between September 2002 and June 2003. Leizhusun' s juice(LZS) of different doses(205.70 mg/kg and 436. 40 mg/kg) was respectively perfused into the stomach for 28 days, and healthy rats were used as normal control. Levels of hepatic glycogen(HG) in liver and the factors in plasma were detected.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: HG, glucose(Glu), triacylglycerol (TG), non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA), total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activitiesRESULTS: The level of Glu in LZS-Ⅱ group(436.40 mg/kg) was (9.65± 1.14) mmol/L, TG was(1. 31 ±0. 18) mmol/L, NEFA was(0. 51 ±0. 04)mmol/L, LDL-c was(0.79 ±0. 19) mmol/L, and MDA was(6.31 ±0. 83)nmol/L, which were significantly lower than Glu of (16. 14 ± 1.59) mmol/L,TG of(1.94 ±0. 31) mmol/L, NEFA of(0.59 ±0. 05) mmol/L, LDL-c of (1.34 ±0.28) mmol/L and MDA of(10.95 ±2.90) nmol/L in experimental control(Model) group( t= 3. 478 - 9. 379, P ＜ 0.01), while the HDL-c was (1.09±0.13) mmol/L, SOD was(39.76±6.23) NU/mL and HG was (6.70 ±0.62) mg/g in LZS-Ⅱ group, which were significantly higher than HDL-c of(0.55 ± 0. 11) mmol/L, SOD of (23.24 ± 3.35) NU/mL and HG of (4.06±1.24) mg/gin Model group( t = 5. 388 - 9. 000, P ＜0.01). Furthermore, the decreasing effect on LDL-c and increasing effect on SOD in both LZS groups had dose-dependence relationship( P ＜ 0.05 -0.01 ).CONCLUSION: LZS significantly decreases plasma Glu, TG, NEFA, LDL-c and MDA levels, but increases HDL-c, SOD and HG levels, which displays obvious antidibetic effects.