Objective To observe the imaging findings of embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes(ETMR).Methods MRI(n=8)and CT(n=6)data of 8 children with pathologically confirmed ETMR were retrospectively reviewed,and the imaging findings were analyzed.Results ETMR present as masses with the maximum diameter of 32-96 mm and clear edges in all 8 cases,located supratentorially in 5 and infratentorially in 3 cases.The supratentorial ETMR were giant cystic solid masses,while the infratentorial ETMR had relatively small volumes.No peritumoral edema was noticed.Cystic solid masses were observed in 6 cases,and the cystic portion presented as low T1WI and high T2WI signals at the edge of the masses.After administration of contrast agents,mild focal uneven enhancement in the solid portion was found in 5 cases,while 1 case was not found enhancement.Among the above 6 cases,the intratumoral bleeding and empty blood vessel shadows within the masses were observed each in 5 cases,while adjacent dura mater invasion was noticed in 3 cases.Two ETMR present as solid masses with focal nodular uneven enhancement,and the enhanced area corresponded to the low signal area on apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)image,among them,increased choline(Cho)/creatine(Cr)and decreased N-acetyl aspartate(NAA)was found in 1 case.Limited diffusion on diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)were detected in all 8 cases.Among 6 cases who underwent CT scanning,patchy or punctate calcification,corresponding to the low signal area on MRI were detected in 4 cases.Conclusion ETMR mostly present as supratentorial large solid cystic masses with clear edges,and the cystic portion often located at the edge of masses,with characteristic vascular flow voids often accompanied by intratumoral bleeding and some with calcifications but without peritumoral edema,which showed significantly limited diffusion on DWI and weakly inhomogeneous enhancement of the solid part.

Objective To compare the reflux characteristics between reflux esophagitis (RE) patients with Los Angeles (LA) classification grade A and grades B/C based on esophageal pH-impedance monitoring results. Methods A total of 74 RE patients at Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen Branch), Fudan University from June 2021 to June 2024 were enrolled, and were divided into the LA-A group (n＝46) and the LA-B/C group (n＝28) based on the endoscopic diagnosis results. The general clinical data, symptom questionnaire score, and esophageal 24-hour pH-impedance monitoring results were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in demographic data and the response rate of acid suppression therapy between the two groups. 24-hour esophageal pH-impedance monitoring results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in upright, supine, and total reflux indices, including reflux episodes, acid exposure time (AET), AET percentage (AET%), long acid reflux episodes, longest reflux duration, and total DeMeester score between the two groups. There were no statistically significant differences in distal reflux episodes, proximal reflux episodes, and high reflux (acid, weak acid, and non-acidic reflux) episodes, mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) between the two groups. The rates of pathological reflux (AET%≥6%) in LA-A group and LA-B/C group were 67.4% and 71.4%, respectively; there were no statistically significant differences in the ratio of AET% composition and the count of impedance reflux exceeding 80 during 24 h between the two groups. Conclusions LA-A grade RE based on the endoscopic diagnosis facilitates the identification of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Chinese population

Objective To observe MRI manifestations of angiocentric glioma(AG).Methods Twenty-one AG patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively collected,and MRI manifestations were observed.Results Single AG lesion was detected in 18 cases,while multiple AG lesions were found in 3 cases(the largest lesions were selected for analysis).There were 5 cases of cortical swelling type and 16 cases of mass type(including solid component dominant type and cystic component dominant type)AG.Among 21 AG lesions,there were 20 supratentorial area lesions(20/21,95.24％),including 8 in frontal lobe,6 in temporal lobe,2 in parietal lobe,3 involved multicerebral lobes and 1 in lateral ventricle,whereas only 1 brainstem lesion was found(1/21,4.76％).On MR T1WI,all lesions showed slight hypo-intensity,and rim-like hyper-intensity was found in 10 lesions(10/21,47.62％).On T2WI,all lesions showed hyper-intensity,9 lesions(9/21,42.86％)extended to lateral ventricle("stem-like sign"),while 11 lesions(11/21,52.38％)present fissure-like hyper-intensity.Diffusion weighted imaging showed that 20 lesions(20/21,95.24％)had no obvious limited diffusion which was observed in 1 lesion(1/21,4.76％).On enhanced T1WI,14(14/21,66.67％)lesions showed no enhancement,5(5/21,23.81％)showed slightly enhancement and 2(2/21,9.52％)showed significant enhancement.Conclusion MRI manifestations of AG had certain characteristics.

Objective To observe MRI manifestations of angiocentric glioma(AG).Methods Twenty-one AG patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively collected,and MRI manifestations were observed.Results Single AG lesion was detected in 18 cases,while multiple AG lesions were found in 3 cases(the largest lesions were selected for analysis).There were 5 cases of cortical swelling type and 16 cases of mass type(including solid component dominant type and cystic component dominant type)AG.Among 21 AG lesions,there were 20 supratentorial area lesions(20/21,95.24％),including 8 in frontal lobe,6 in temporal lobe,2 in parietal lobe,3 involved multicerebral lobes and 1 in lateral ventricle,whereas only 1 brainstem lesion was found(1/21,4.76％).On MR T1WI,all lesions showed slight hypo-intensity,and rim-like hyper-intensity was found in 10 lesions(10/21,47.62％).On T2WI,all lesions showed hyper-intensity,9 lesions(9/21,42.86％)extended to lateral ventricle("stem-like sign"),while 11 lesions(11/21,52.38％)present fissure-like hyper-intensity.Diffusion weighted imaging showed that 20 lesions(20/21,95.24％)had no obvious limited diffusion which was observed in 1 lesion(1/21,4.76％).On enhanced T1WI,14(14/21,66.67％)lesions showed no enhancement,5(5/21,23.81％)showed slightly enhancement and 2(2/21,9.52％)showed significant enhancement.Conclusion MRI manifestations of AG had certain characteristics.

Pituitary adenoma is the third most common primary central nervous system tumor in adults.Radiomics can explore and analyze massive quantitative features in medical images,and has been used in the precise diagnosis and treatment of pituitary adenomas.The research progresses of MRI radiomics in pituitary adenoma were reviewed in this article.

As a sensor of cytosolic DNA, the role of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) in innate immune response is well established, yet how its functions in different biological conditions remain to be elucidated. Here, we identify cGAS as an essential regulator in inhibiting mitotic DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and protecting short telomeres from end-to-end fusion independent of the canonical cGAS-STING pathway. cGAS associates with telomeric/subtelomeric DNA during mitosis when TRF1/TRF2/POT1 are deficient on telomeres. Depletion of cGAS leads to mitotic chromosome end-to-end fusions predominantly occurring between short telomeres. Mechanistically, cGAS interacts with CDK1 and positions them to chromosome ends. Thus, CDK1 inhibits mitotic non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) by blocking the recruitment of RNF8. cGAS-deficient human primary cells are defective in entering replicative senescence and display chromosome end-to-end fusions, genome instability and prolonged growth arrest. Altogether, cGAS safeguards genome stability by controlling mitotic DSB repair to inhibit mitotic chromosome end-to-end fusions, thus facilitating replicative senescence.

Background: Both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with an elevated risk of morbidity and mortality yet with increasing heterogeneity. This study primarily aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MetS among adult patients with T1DM in China and investigate its associated risk factors, and relationship with microvascular complications. Methods: We included adult patients who had been enrolled in the Guangdong T1DM Translational Medicine Study conducted from June 2010 to June 2015. MetS was defined according to the updated National Cholesterol Education Program criterion. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for the association between MetS and the risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Results: Among the 569 eligible patients enrolled, the prevalence of MetS was 15.1%. While female gender, longer diabetes duration, higher body mass index, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were risk factors associated with MetS (OR, 2.86, 1.04, 1.14, and 1.23, respectively), received nutrition therapy education was a protective factor (OR, 0.46). After adjustment for gender, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c, socioeconomic and lifestyle variables, MetS status was associated with an increased risk of DKD and DR (OR, 2.14 and 3.72, respectively; both P<0.05). Conclusion Although the prevalence of MetS in adult patients with T1DM in China was relatively low, patients with MetS were more likely to have DKD and DR. A comprehensive management including lifestyle modification might reduce their risk of microvascular complications in adults with T1DM.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of mobile application (APP) based interactive peer support on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: The data of the present study were from the largest mobile APP platform for patients with T1DM in China, Tangtangquan. Patients with T1DM who has registered in the APP for at least 1 year and had completed data entry were recruited. According to the monthly interaction index during the first year of APP registration (including four indicators: praise, comment, posting and collection), the eligible patients were divided into the high-interaction group and the low-interaction group. The changes from baseline of self-blood glucose monitoring frequency (SMBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), incidence of hyperglycemia and incidence of hypoglycemia were compared between the two groups after one year of using the APP. Results: A total of 238 patients with T1DM with an age of (27±8) years were included. Among them, 77.3% (184/238) were female. The baseline SMBG [the low-interaction group (1.71±1.14) times/day vs. the high-interaction group (1.82±1.15) times/day] and HbA1c [the low-interaction group (6.72±0.99)% vs. the high-interaction group (6.76±1.04)%] were comparable between the two groups. After one year use of the APP, the frequency of SMBG in the high-interaction group was significantly higher than that in the low-interaction group [ΔSMBG (0.59+2.06) times/d vs. (0.08+1.69) times/d, t=4.280, P=0.04), and the reduction of HbA1c was more obvious in the high-interaction group [ΔHbA1c (-0.40+1.10)% vs. (-0.06+1.13)%, t=5.651, P=0.018] than in the lower-interaction group. The incidence of hyperglycemia in the high-interaction group was significantly lower than that in the low-interaction group [13.19(6.22,23.19)% vs. 17.69(10.56,30.49)%, Z=2.850, P=0.005]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia between the two groups [4.62(2.14, 8.03)% vs. 4.83(2.06, 8.87)%, Z=1.276, P=0.204]. The correlation analysis showed that interaction index was significantly associated with the reduction of HbA1c and incidence of hyperglycemia. Conclusion Participation in interactive peer education via mobile APP may be beneficent for glycemic control in patients with T1DM.

BACKGROUNDSurveying regional cancer incidence and mortality provides significant data that can assist in making health policy for local areas; however, the province- and region-based cancer burden in China is seldom reported. In this study, we estimated cancer incidence and mortality in Guangdong Province, China and presented basic information for making policies related to health resource allocation and disease control.

METHODSA log-linear model was used to calculate the sex-, age-, and registry-specific ratios of incidence to mortality (I/M) based on cancer registry data from Guangzhou, Zhongshan, and Sihui between 2004 and 2008. The cancer incidences in 2009 were then estimated according to representative I/M ratios and the mortality records from eight death surveillance sites in Guangdong Province. The cancer incidences in each city were estimated by the corresponding sex- and age-specific incidences from cancer registries or death surveillance sites in each area. Finally, the total and region-based cancer incidences and mortalities for the entire population of Guangdong Province were summarized.

RESULTSThe estimated I/M ratios in Guangzhou (3.658), Zhongshan (2.153), and Sihui (1.527) were significantly different (P < 0.001), with an average I/M ratio of 2.446. Significant differences in the estimated I/M ratios were observed between distinct age groups and the three cancer registries. The estimated I/M ratio in females was significantly higher than that in males (2.864 vs. 2.027, P < 0.001). It was estimated that there were 163,376 new cancer cases (99,689 males and 63,687 females) in 2009; it was further estimated that 115,049 people (75,054 males and 39,995 females) died from cancer in Guangdong Province in 2009. The estimated crude and age-standardized rate of incidences (ASRI) in Guangdong Province were 231.34 and 246.87 per 100,000 males, respectively, and 156.98 and 163.57 per 100,000 females, respectively. The estimated crude and age-standardized rate of mortalities (ASRM) in Guangdong Province were 174.17 and 187.46 per 100,000 males, respectively, and 98.59 and 102.00 per 100,000 females, respectively. In comparison with the western area and the northern mountain area, higher ASRI and ASRM were recorded in the Pearl River Delta area and the eastern area in both males and females.

CONCLUSIONSCancer imposes a heavy disease burden, and cancer patterns are unevenly distributed throughout Guangdong Province. More health resources should be allocated to cancer control, especially in the western and northern mountain areas.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Population Surveillance ; Registries ; Sex Distribution