Objective:To establish a practical patient-based internal quality control method for valproic acid drug concentration monitoring.Methods:Observational Study. A PBRTQC model based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) method was established using Python. All results of a total of 28, 757 valproic acid concentration data from February 1, 2023 to January 31, 2024 were collected and split into training set and validation set at a ratio of 80% and 20% respectively. The truncation limit (TL) was optimized by using the winsorized mean method and the trimmed mean method. Different weighting coefficients λ were set. Different TL and different λ were combined with the EWMA algorithm into different patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) models. The optimized models were verified by introducing simulated constant errors (CE) and proportional errors (PE) respectively. The false positive alarm rate (FAR) was used to evaluate specificity, and the average number of patients before error detection (ANPed) was used to evaluate sensitivity. According to the daily test volume and quality target requirements, we comprehensively judged whether the performance evaluation indicators of FAR and ANPed meet the laboratory requirements. Bias detection curve was used for determination of the best model.Results:The parameters of the best PBRTQC model for valproic acid drug concentration monitoring are: trimmed mean method with 1.5 standard deviations (i.e., truncating data outside 1.5 standard deviations of the data mean), λ=0.01. The performance verification result shows that ANPed of CE and PE of this model are both less than 100. The comparison between the EQA results and the EWMA results show that the EWMA method results are comparable to the EQA results.Conclusion:A PBRTQC model for the valproic acid drug concentration monitoring project based on the EWMA method has been successfully established. It is comparable with both IQC and EQA results, which means PBRTQC may be used as a supplement to the quality control of daily quality control products.

New quality productivity is a strategic engine for promoting high-quality development and is an inherent requirement and important focus for enhancing new driving forces and building national advantages.The cultivation of innovative talents and technological innovation are key to the development of new quality productivity.Laboratory animal science is a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject that integrates multiple disciplines including biology,medicine,pharmacy,and biomedical engineering.Teaching and research of laboratory animal science not only promotes the creation of innovative talent teams by cultivating innovative consciousness,thinking,spirit,and operational abilities,but also promotes the development of cutting-edge technologies and the transformation of disruptive research result in the fields of basic research and clinical translation of biomedicine,thus providing important guarantees for China's scientific and technological progress and innovative development.

Psychotropic medication plays a crucial role in the field of mental illness,and the issues of drug efficacy and safety due to individual differences cannot be ignored.Genetic factors,especially the genetic poly-morphisms related to drug-metabolizing enzymes,drug action targets,and risk,have a significant impact on drug responses.Pharmacogenomics,by detecting genetic polymorphisms,can reveal a patient's inherited tend-encies towards drug efficacy,pharmacokinetic characteristics,and potential toxicity,thereby predicting the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of drug treatment,and providing guidance for personalized therapy.Therefore,individualized medication based on pharmacogenomics helps to improve cure rates,reduce relapse rates,and decrease medical costs,which is of great significance to clinical medication in mental illness.

Objective To investigate the interference of varying degrees of lipemia on serum lithium(Li)measurement using the phosphatase method and explore effective mitigation strategies.Methods A pooled sample of severe lipemic serum without lithium was collected and concentrated to obtain lipemic serum concentrate.A pooled serum sample from patients with normal lipid levels taking lithium carbonate was used for triglyceride(TG)interference experiments.Additionally,28 serum samples from patients not taking lithium carbonate were collected.Based on the results of TG interference experiments,the maximum TG concentration that did not interfere with serum lithium measurement was determined as the target concentration for dilution,and the corresponding dilution factor was calculated.Lithium solution was added to each sample to determine the theoretical lithium concentration.Samples were divided into three groups and analyzed using direct detection,physiological saline dilution,and high-speed centrifugation(13 000 r/min,10 min).The results obtained from different methods were compared.Results Lipemic serum with TG concentrations>4.77mmol/L interfered with lithium measurement by the phosphatase method.The physiological saline dilution method showed the largest deviation(t=10.87,P<0.000 1)and significant differences from theoretical values,making it unsuitable for accurate measurement.In contrast,the high-speed centrifugation method provided results closest to the theoretical values(t=2.97,P=0.036 9)with higher accuracy.Although the direct detection method was highly correlated with the high-speed centrifugation method(r=0.976 5,P<0.000 1),with a significant mean difference remained(t=5.37,P<0.000 1).Conclusion For lipemic serum samples with TG concentrations>4.77mmol/L,the physiological saline dilution method should be avoided due to its inaccuracy.High-speed centrifugation effectively removes lipemic interference,yielding results closer to theoretical values,and is recommended as the optimized method for serum lithium measurement in lipemic samples.

This study collected data on 9 cases of fatal head injuries caused by adjustable wrenches and analyzed 16 types of injury characteristics of head injuries caused by adjustable wrenches.The distinctive patterns of head injuries caused by adjustable wrenches were summarized.A four level scoring model and scoring criteria were constructed for head injuries caused by adjustable wrenches.From a morphological perspective,it provided a reference for the inference of injury-causing instruments in forensic practice.

Objective To investigate the interference of varying degrees of lipemia on serum lithium(Li)measurement using the phosphatase method and explore effective mitigation strategies.Methods A pooled sample of severe lipemic serum without lithium was collected and concentrated to obtain lipemic serum concentrate.A pooled serum sample from patients with normal lipid levels taking lithium carbonate was used for triglyceride(TG)interference experiments.Additionally,28 serum samples from patients not taking lithium carbonate were collected.Based on the results of TG interference experiments,the maximum TG concentration that did not interfere with serum lithium measurement was determined as the target concentration for dilution,and the corresponding dilution factor was calculated.Lithium solution was added to each sample to determine the theoretical lithium concentration.Samples were divided into three groups and analyzed using direct detection,physiological saline dilution,and high-speed centrifugation(13 000 r/min,10 min).The results obtained from different methods were compared.Results Lipemic serum with TG concentrations>4.77mmol/L interfered with lithium measurement by the phosphatase method.The physiological saline dilution method showed the largest deviation(t=10.87,P<0.000 1)and significant differences from theoretical values,making it unsuitable for accurate measurement.In contrast,the high-speed centrifugation method provided results closest to the theoretical values(t=2.97,P=0.036 9)with higher accuracy.Although the direct detection method was highly correlated with the high-speed centrifugation method(r=0.976 5,P<0.000 1),with a significant mean difference remained(t=5.37,P<0.000 1).Conclusion For lipemic serum samples with TG concentrations>4.77mmol/L,the physiological saline dilution method should be avoided due to its inaccuracy.High-speed centrifugation effectively removes lipemic interference,yielding results closer to theoretical values,and is recommended as the optimized method for serum lithium measurement in lipemic samples.

This study collected data on 9 cases of fatal head injuries caused by adjustable wrenches and analyzed 16 types of injury characteristics of head injuries caused by adjustable wrenches.The distinctive patterns of head injuries caused by adjustable wrenches were summarized.A four level scoring model and scoring criteria were constructed for head injuries caused by adjustable wrenches.From a morphological perspective,it provided a reference for the inference of injury-causing instruments in forensic practice.

New quality productivity is a strategic engine for promoting high-quality development and is an inherent requirement and important focus for enhancing new driving forces and building national advantages.The cultivation of innovative talents and technological innovation are key to the development of new quality productivity.Laboratory animal science is a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject that integrates multiple disciplines including biology,medicine,pharmacy,and biomedical engineering.Teaching and research of laboratory animal science not only promotes the creation of innovative talent teams by cultivating innovative consciousness,thinking,spirit,and operational abilities,but also promotes the development of cutting-edge technologies and the transformation of disruptive research result in the fields of basic research and clinical translation of biomedicine,thus providing important guarantees for China's scientific and technological progress and innovative development.

Objective:To establish a practical patient-based internal quality control method for valproic acid drug concentration monitoring.Methods:Observational Study. A PBRTQC model based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) method was established using Python. All results of a total of 28, 757 valproic acid concentration data from February 1, 2023 to January 31, 2024 were collected and split into training set and validation set at a ratio of 80% and 20% respectively. The truncation limit (TL) was optimized by using the winsorized mean method and the trimmed mean method. Different weighting coefficients λ were set. Different TL and different λ were combined with the EWMA algorithm into different patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) models. The optimized models were verified by introducing simulated constant errors (CE) and proportional errors (PE) respectively. The false positive alarm rate (FAR) was used to evaluate specificity, and the average number of patients before error detection (ANPed) was used to evaluate sensitivity. According to the daily test volume and quality target requirements, we comprehensively judged whether the performance evaluation indicators of FAR and ANPed meet the laboratory requirements. Bias detection curve was used for determination of the best model.Results:The parameters of the best PBRTQC model for valproic acid drug concentration monitoring are: trimmed mean method with 1.5 standard deviations (i.e., truncating data outside 1.5 standard deviations of the data mean), λ=0.01. The performance verification result shows that ANPed of CE and PE of this model are both less than 100. The comparison between the EQA results and the EWMA results show that the EWMA method results are comparable to the EQA results.Conclusion:A PBRTQC model for the valproic acid drug concentration monitoring project based on the EWMA method has been successfully established. It is comparable with both IQC and EQA results, which means PBRTQC may be used as a supplement to the quality control of daily quality control products.

Objective To determine the time point when porcine pancreatic elastase(PPE)induced abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)reaches the regression phase in mice and observe the histological characteristics of AAA in regression phase.Methods AAAs were induced by transient intraluminal infusion of PPE in C57BL/6J mice.The diameters of the mouse abdominal aortas were measured before PPE infusion and sacrifice time,day 14 for AAA progression phase or day 56 for regression phase after PPE infusion,respectively.The histological characteristics of the aneurysm lesion site on day 14 and day 56 after surgery were compared and analyzed.Results The diameters of the abdominal aortas were significantly increased in both day 14 and day 56 after PPE infusion groups(diameter growth rate 147％and 155％,respectively)as compared to the baseline diameters.In the day 14 group,the infused aortas showed typical AAA characteristics,such as elastin break/degradation,medial smooth muscle cells depletion,and inflammatory cell diffused infiltration.In the day 56 group after PPE infusion,although the artery diameter did not change significantly as compared to the day 14 group,histology showed that elastin was partially repaired,new smooth muscle cells were added to the damaged aorta media,the infiltrated inflammatory cells were significantly subsided,and the adventitia neovascularization was reduced,showing a significant feature of the disease regression phase.Conclusion In the PPE-induced mouse AAA model,day 56 after surgery is an appropriate time point for observing aneurysm regression,and the histological characteristics of the regression are obvious.