Immunogenic cell death(ICD)is a form of cell death that can activate the immune system,especially in the treatment of cancer.ICD can enhance the recognition of tumors by the immune system and the release of damage associated molecular patterns(DAMPs),to achieve tumor cell death.Oncolytic viruses(OVs)can selectively infect and kill tumor cells without damaging normal cells.OVs are type Ⅱ ICD inducers that induce ICD in tumor cells by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum.Here,we review the characteristics of ICD and the mechanism of ICD induction by OVs.We also review the latest clinical progress involving ICD and discuss future treatment strategies for tumors.

Objective This study focuses on a tertiary public hospital in Ningxia to explore the practical application of discipline-specific research performance evaluation.To establish a performance evaluation index system tailored to the characteris-tics of tertiary public hospitals in underdeveloped regions and propose strategies for improving research performance evaluation through empirical research,thereby promoting high-quality hospital development.Methods Guided by the performance evalua-tion indicators for tertiary public hospitals and the accreditation standards for tertiary hospitals,and aligned with the hospital's o-verall work plan,a multi-dimensional and multi-level evaluation method was adopted.Following the SMART principles(Specific,Measurable,Achievable,Relevant,Time-bound)and differentiated scoring principles,research performance evaluation indica-tors were summarized,screened,and weighted.An empirical analysis of the research status of 20 disciplines from 2021 to 2024 was conducted to establish and continuously optimize a research performance evaluation index system suited to the hospital's needs.Results A research performance evaluation index system for public hospital disciplines was finalized,comprising 5 first-level indicators,14 second-level indicators,and 40 third-level indicators(22 quantitative and 18 qualitative).This system standardized the management of discipline-specific research and effectively promoted steady growth,structural adjustment,and development in hospital research.Conclusion Constructing a scientific,standardized,and operable research performance eval-uation index system is of significant importance for enhancing the research level of disciplines in public hospitals and strengthening discipline construction.

Objective:To evaluate the application value of artificial intelligence (AI) and robot of stereotactic surgery (ROSS)-assisted ultra-early thalamic hematoma drainage in elderly patients with minor thalamus and internal capsule hematoma (TICH) and severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed; 278 patients with TICH and severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area identified by AI medical imaging diagnostic system were enrolled from Department of Neurosurgery, Xingtai Central Hospital from January 2023 to August 2024. Among them, 134 patients (study group) received AI and ROSS-assisted ultra-early thalamic hematoma drainage, and 144 patients (control group) received drug treatment. Differences in baseline data and therapy efficiency between the two groups of patients were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the independent influencing factors for prognosis in the study group 180 days after onset (good prognosis: modified Rankin scale scores of 0-3).Results:Compared with the control group, the study group had significantly higher Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the internal capsule area 14 days after onset, and statistically higher therapy efficiency and good prognosis rate 180 days after onset ( P<0.05). In the study group, 84 patients had a good prognosis and 50 had a poor prognosis 180 days after onset; compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had significantly higher proportion of patients with hyper-homocysteinemia history, lower GCS score on admission, larger volume of thalamic hematoma, higher proportions of patients with combined intraventricular hemorrhage and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, and lower rCBF in the internal capsule area on admission ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thalamic hematoma volume ( OR=2.527, 95% CI: 1.504-4.247, P<0.001), combined intraventricular hemorrhage ( OR=2.325, 95% CI: 1.460-3.703, P<0.001), shunt dependent hydrocephalus ( OR=2.371, 95% CI: 1.267-4.078, P=0.006), and rCBF in the internal capsule area on admission ( OR=0.672, 95% CI: 0.314-1.025, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for prognosis of patients in the study group. Conclusion:AI and ROSS-assisted ultra-early thalamic hematoma drainage is effective for elderly patients with minor TICH and severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area; patients with large thalamic hematoma volume, combined intraventricular hemorrhage, shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, and low rCBF in the internal capsule area on admission are prone to have a poor prognosis.

Objective This study focuses on a tertiary public hospital in Ningxia to explore the practical application of discipline-specific research performance evaluation.To establish a performance evaluation index system tailored to the characteris-tics of tertiary public hospitals in underdeveloped regions and propose strategies for improving research performance evaluation through empirical research,thereby promoting high-quality hospital development.Methods Guided by the performance evalua-tion indicators for tertiary public hospitals and the accreditation standards for tertiary hospitals,and aligned with the hospital's o-verall work plan,a multi-dimensional and multi-level evaluation method was adopted.Following the SMART principles(Specific,Measurable,Achievable,Relevant,Time-bound)and differentiated scoring principles,research performance evaluation indica-tors were summarized,screened,and weighted.An empirical analysis of the research status of 20 disciplines from 2021 to 2024 was conducted to establish and continuously optimize a research performance evaluation index system suited to the hospital's needs.Results A research performance evaluation index system for public hospital disciplines was finalized,comprising 5 first-level indicators,14 second-level indicators,and 40 third-level indicators(22 quantitative and 18 qualitative).This system standardized the management of discipline-specific research and effectively promoted steady growth,structural adjustment,and development in hospital research.Conclusion Constructing a scientific,standardized,and operable research performance eval-uation index system is of significant importance for enhancing the research level of disciplines in public hospitals and strengthening discipline construction.

Immunogenic cell death(ICD)is a form of cell death that can activate the immune system,especially in the treatment of cancer.ICD can enhance the recognition of tumors by the immune system and the release of damage associated molecular patterns(DAMPs),to achieve tumor cell death.Oncolytic viruses(OVs)can selectively infect and kill tumor cells without damaging normal cells.OVs are type Ⅱ ICD inducers that induce ICD in tumor cells by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum.Here,we review the characteristics of ICD and the mechanism of ICD induction by OVs.We also review the latest clinical progress involving ICD and discuss future treatment strategies for tumors.

Objective To evaluate the application value of stereotactic robotic surgery driven by a multi scenario AI system in the elderly with severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area and minor HTH.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 101 minor HTH patients com-plicated with severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area identified by an AI diagnostic sys-tem in our department from January to October 2024.Among them,48 cases who underwent ster-eotactic robotic drainage with AI system support were assigned into the study group,and 53 cases of conventional drug treatment were into the control group.The general clinical data were com-pared between the two group.Improvement rate of rCBF 14 d after treatment,effective rate 90 d after treatment,favorable prognosis rate,and incidence of shunt dependent hydrocephalus were compared between the two groups to evaluate the application value of AI-assisted stereotactic ro-botic surgery in these patients.Results The study group had significantly higher improvement rate of rCBF 14 d after treatment,better effective rate and larger ratio of favorable prognosis 90 d after treatment when compared with the control group(60.4％vs 39.6％,P＜0.05;62.5％vs 41.5％,P＜0.05;64.6％vs 43.4％,P＜0.05).Conclusion Stereotactic robotic assisted drainage driven by multi scenario AI system can significantly improve the prognosis of the elderly minor HTH patients complicated with severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area.

Objective To evaluate the application value of stereotactic robotic surgery driven by a multi scenario AI system in the elderly with severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area and minor HTH.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 101 minor HTH patients com-plicated with severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area identified by an AI diagnostic sys-tem in our department from January to October 2024.Among them,48 cases who underwent ster-eotactic robotic drainage with AI system support were assigned into the study group,and 53 cases of conventional drug treatment were into the control group.The general clinical data were com-pared between the two group.Improvement rate of rCBF 14 d after treatment,effective rate 90 d after treatment,favorable prognosis rate,and incidence of shunt dependent hydrocephalus were compared between the two groups to evaluate the application value of AI-assisted stereotactic ro-botic surgery in these patients.Results The study group had significantly higher improvement rate of rCBF 14 d after treatment,better effective rate and larger ratio of favorable prognosis 90 d after treatment when compared with the control group(60.4％vs 39.6％,P＜0.05;62.5％vs 41.5％,P＜0.05;64.6％vs 43.4％,P＜0.05).Conclusion Stereotactic robotic assisted drainage driven by multi scenario AI system can significantly improve the prognosis of the elderly minor HTH patients complicated with severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area.

Objective:To evaluate the application value of artificial intelligence (AI) and robot of stereotactic surgery (ROSS)-assisted ultra-early thalamic hematoma drainage in elderly patients with minor thalamus and internal capsule hematoma (TICH) and severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed; 278 patients with TICH and severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area identified by AI medical imaging diagnostic system were enrolled from Department of Neurosurgery, Xingtai Central Hospital from January 2023 to August 2024. Among them, 134 patients (study group) received AI and ROSS-assisted ultra-early thalamic hematoma drainage, and 144 patients (control group) received drug treatment. Differences in baseline data and therapy efficiency between the two groups of patients were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the independent influencing factors for prognosis in the study group 180 days after onset (good prognosis: modified Rankin scale scores of 0-3).Results:Compared with the control group, the study group had significantly higher Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the internal capsule area 14 days after onset, and statistically higher therapy efficiency and good prognosis rate 180 days after onset ( P<0.05). In the study group, 84 patients had a good prognosis and 50 had a poor prognosis 180 days after onset; compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had significantly higher proportion of patients with hyper-homocysteinemia history, lower GCS score on admission, larger volume of thalamic hematoma, higher proportions of patients with combined intraventricular hemorrhage and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, and lower rCBF in the internal capsule area on admission ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thalamic hematoma volume ( OR=2.527, 95% CI: 1.504-4.247, P<0.001), combined intraventricular hemorrhage ( OR=2.325, 95% CI: 1.460-3.703, P<0.001), shunt dependent hydrocephalus ( OR=2.371, 95% CI: 1.267-4.078, P=0.006), and rCBF in the internal capsule area on admission ( OR=0.672, 95% CI: 0.314-1.025, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for prognosis of patients in the study group. Conclusion:AI and ROSS-assisted ultra-early thalamic hematoma drainage is effective for elderly patients with minor TICH and severe hypoperfusion in the internal capsule area; patients with large thalamic hematoma volume, combined intraventricular hemorrhage, shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, and low rCBF in the internal capsule area on admission are prone to have a poor prognosis.

Objective:Biological markers of the ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex(vlOFC)involved in pain regula-tion were screened.Methods:Chronic inflammatory pain was induced in male C57BL/6J mice by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)into the left posterior plantar.Paw withdrawal threshold(PWT)and paw withdrawal latency(PWL)were detected to evalue hyperalgesia.Transcriptome sequencing was performed on fresh tissue from vlOFC of mice after behavioral tests.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened by bioinformatics method,and their biological functions and pathways were enriched.Results:Compared with the PBS group,the left hindpaw me-chanical pain threshold and the paw withdrawal latency caused by heat pain were significantly reduced in the CFA group(P＜0.001).The DEGs of vlOFC in the two groups were 497,of which 143 were up-regulated and 354 were down-reg-ulated.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGGs)analysis showed that:In chro-nic inflammatory pain model mice,DEGs of vlOFC were mainly manifested in biological processes such as organic cation transport,neurotransmitter transport,and regulation of cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration.It is related to G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs),neuropeptides and ammonium transport.DEGs mainly focuses on neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions,cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions,and cAMP signaling pathways.Reactome functional en-richment analysis showed that the pathway with the highest number of DEGs enriched and the lowest P value-adjusted was GPCRs ligand binding.Conclusion:Ion transport,neurotransmitter transport and binding,and GPCRs-related ac-tivities in vlOFC are involved in the regulation of chronic inflammatory pain.

Objective To analyze the situation of life sciences and medical research involving human subjects conducted in a public hospital in Ningxia from 2020 to 2022 and explore the problems in the current management of such research and pro-vides suggestions for improvement.Methods Data were collected from research project application documents,task assign-ments,progress reports,final reports,and statistical tables of clinical drug trials conducted in the hospital from 2021 to 2022.Statistical analysis was performed on the life sciences and medical research involving human subjects.Results The number of research projects involving human subjects in the hospital increased annually from 2020 to 2022,accounting for more than 50%of the total projects.Over the three years,the sample size exceeded 100,000,and the number of projects with a cumulative collec-tion of more than 3,000 individuals showed an upward trend.However,the project registration rate was less than 10%.These types of research involve a large number of biological samples and information data,which have research value.However,re-searchers lack awareness of project registration,highlighting the need for greater attention from the hospital.Conclusion It is a trend to explore the medical value of this type of research in depth.The hospital should closely follow relevant national and re-gional policies,conduct dynamic monitoring and evaluation,and enhance supervision and management capabilities as a key factor in protecting biological samples and information data.This study also provides reference for other public hospitals in carrying out related regulatory work.