Background::Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has emerged as the leading cause of death from prostate cancer (PCa) in recent decades, bringing a great disease burden worldwide. Men with preexisting CVD have an increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events when treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The present study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk evaluation of CVD among people with newly diagnosed PCa in China.Methods::Clinical data of newly diagnosed PCa patients were retrospectively collected from 34 centers in China from 2010 to 2022 through convenience sampling. CVD was defined as myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, heart failure, stroke, ischemic heart disease, and others. CVD risk was estimated by calculating Framingham risk scores (FRS). Patients were accordingly divided into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups. χ2 or Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical variables. Results::A total of 4253 patients were enrolled in the present study. A total of 27.0% (1147/4253) of patients had comorbid PCa and CVD, and 7.2% (307/4253) had two or more CVDs. The enrolled population was distributed in six regions of China, and approximately 71.0% (3019/4253) of patients lived in urban areas. With imaging and pathological evaluation, most PCa patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage, with 20.5% (871/4253) locally progressing and 20.5% (871/4253) showing metastasis. Most of them initiated prostatectomy (46.6%, 1983/4253) or regimens involving ADT therapy (45.7%, 1944/4253) for prostate cancer. In the present PCa cohort, 43.1% (1832/4253) of patients had hypertension, and half of them had poorly controlled blood pressure. With FRS stratification, as expected, a higher risk of CVD was related to aging and metabolic disturbance. However, we also found that patients with treatment involving ADT presented an originally higher risk of CVD than those without ADT. This was in accordance with clinical practice, i.e., aged patients or patients at advanced oncological stages were inclined to accept systematic integrative therapy instead of surgery. Among patients who underwent medical castration, only 4.0% (45/1118) received gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists, in stark contrast to the grim situation of CVD prevalence and risk.Conclusions::PCa patients in China are diagnosed at an advanced stage. A heavy CVD burden was present at the initiation of treatment. Patients who accepted ADT-related therapy showed an original higher risk of CVD, but the awareness of cardiovascular protection was far from sufficient.

Aim To investigate the molecular mecha-nism of lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC)-induced neu-trophil extracellular trap formation and the intervening role of quercetin.Methods An in vitro model of NETs formation was constructed using LPC-induced primary rat neutrophils,and quercetin intervention was performed.The formation of NETs and the expression level of related pathway proteins were detected.Results 100 mg·L-1 LPC induced the formation of NETs in vitro,and NETs formation was associated with the up-regulation of LOX-1/NOX2 pathway protein expres-sion.Quercetin intervention effectively decreased LOX-1 and NOX2 protein expression,then inhibiting NETs formation.Conclusions Quercetin inhibits the forma-tion of NETs by regulating the LOX-1/NOX2 signaling pathway and exerting a protective effect against related inflammatory diseases.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)is the use of interventional catheter to transport the artificial heart valve to the aortic valve area through the patient's arterial,venous system or left ventricular apex,then release it to replace the original aortic valve to achieve normal physiological function.The"suicide left ventricle"phenomenon refers to the paradoxical hemodynamic collapse of dynamic left ventricular obstruction caused by left ventricular hypertrophy and hypersystole after the removal of the fixed valve obstruction of aortic stenosis after TAVR.The clinical manifestation is abnormal continuous hypotension that is ineffective to positive inotropic drugs during the operation or within a few hours after the operation.With the indications for transcatheter aortic valve surgery covering patients with low,medium and high risk of severe aortic stenosis,surgery-related complications have been reported to increase gradually."Suicide left ventricle"is worth studying and exploring as a fatal potential complication.This article mainly reviews four aspects of the overview of"suicide left ventricle",pathological mechanism,risk-related indicators,prevention strategies and treatment methods to be highly vigilant and make corresponding emergency plans for patients with aortic stenosis who may have suicide left ventricle risk,so as to minimize perioperative mortality.

Objective To construct early phase Ⅰ cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program for patients with Type A aortic dissection and to evaluate its clinical effects.Methods From January 2021 to October 2022,type A aortic dissection patients of a tertiary hospital in Beijing was selected by the destination sampling.They were divided into a control group and an intervention group.The intervention group was given early phase Ⅰcardiopulmonary rehabilitation program for patients with type A aortic dissection and the control group was given routine care.The 6-minute walking experiment(6MWT),Borg subjective fatigue score,the first time out of bed,the incidence of hypoxemia and related complications,and the incidence of adverse events related to rehabilitation nursing were compared between the 2 groups.Results A total of 130 cases were selected,among which 20 cases were excluded because of surgical complications and self-withdrawal.A total of 110 cases were finally included,with 57 cases in the intervention group and 53 cases in the control group.The results of walking distance of 6MWT,Borg subjective fatigue score and incidence of hypoxemia had statistical significance between the 2 groups(P＜0.05).The results of the time of the first time out of bed and the incidence of complications and the incidence of adverse events related to rehabilitation nursing had no statistical significance between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Early phase Ⅰ cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program for patients with type A aortic dissection benefits the improvement of the motor function,the reduction of incidence of hypoxemia.

Coronary heart disease is a physical and mental disease that is often combined with mental disorders such as depression,anxiety,sleep disorders,and stress,affecting the patient's prognosis.This review introduces the common mental disorders of patients with coronary heart disease,the types,characteristics and application status of digital and intelligent intervention technology,and analyzes the challenges of digital and intelligent intervention technology in the development of mental disorders in coronary heart disease,with a view to providing new information technology-driven nursing practice ideas and directions.

AIM To investigate the effects and mechanism of Shenxiao Jiedu Tongluo Recipe on renal AIM 2-mediated pyroptosis of a golden hamster model of diabetic nephropathy(DN).METHODS Fifty male golden hamsters of SPF grade were randomly divided into the control group and the model group.The golden hamsters of the model group successfully developed into DN models by feeding of high glucose and high fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of STZ were further randomly assigned into the model group,the enagliflozin group(10 mg/kg),and the low-dose and the high-dose Shenxiao Jiedu Tongluo Recipe groups(12.8,25.6 g/kg)for 8 weeks gavage of the corresponding administration.The golden hamsters had their levels of fasting blood glucose,24 h-UTP,serum TC,LDL-C,Scr,and Sur detected by automatic biochemical analyzer;their serum SOD activity and MDA level detected by biochemical method;their serum levels of IL-1β,IL-18,and TNF-α detected by ELISA method;their pathomorphological changes of kidney tissue observed by HE and PAS staining;their protein expressions of ROS and γH2AX detected by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry;and their renal protein expressions of AIM 2,caspase-1 and GSDMD detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the model group showed atrophic glomeruli;enlarged glomerular capsule cavity;mesangial expansion;edema and necrosis in the dilated renal tubules;increased levels of fasting blood glucose,24 h-UTP,serum TC,LDL-C,Scr,Sur,IL-1β,IL-18,TNF-α,MDA and renal protein expressions of ROS,γH2AX,AIM2,caspase-1,GSDMD(P＜0.01);and decreased serum SOD activity(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the high-dose Shenxiao Jiedu Tongluo Recipe group and the enagliflozin group displayed improved renal histopathology,decreased levels of 24 h-UTP,serum TC,LDL-C,Scr,Sur,IL-1β,IL-18,TNF-α,MDA and renal protein expressions of ROS,γH2AX,AIM2,caspase-1,GSDMD(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and increased serum SOD activity(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Shenxiao Jiedu Tongluo Recipe can inhibit AIM 2-mediated cell death and alleviate renal inflammatory damage in golden hamsters by inhibiting their expression of ROS-dsDNA-AIM 2 signal pathway to attain reduction of their renal ROS level,DNA damage of renal intrinsic cells,and synthesis of AIM 2 inflammatory corpuscles as well.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and prognosis of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and surgical methods in the treatment of early esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma(AEG),and to analyze factors influencing prognosis.Methods Hospitalized patients with early AEG who underwent ESD or surgical treatment at Anhui Provincial Hospital from January 2010 to December 2022 were collected.Among them,186 patients underwent ESD and 364 patients underwent surgical treatment.Propensity score matching was used with a ratio of 1∶1,with 164 patients in each group.Clinical outcomes,survival outcomes,and postoperative complications were compared before and after matching.Factors influencing mortality and recurrence in EGJ patients were analyzed.Results 1.Before and after matching,the ESD group had lower surgical time,hospital stay,hospital costs,intraoperative bleeding volume,and adverse events compared to the surgical group(P＜0.001).2.The matched ESD group had 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates of 99.5％,94.5％,and 90.2％,respectively,while the surgical group had rates of 100％,99.4％,and 97.5％for the same periods.The 1-,3-,and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates in the matched ESD group were 99.5％,96.3％,and 93.4％,respectively,compared to 100％,98.6％,and 92.5％in the surgical group.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis before and after matching showed no significant difference in overall survival and recurrence-free survival between the two groups(P＞0.05).3.Age,poor differentiation,and vascular invasion were independent risk factors for OS;age and tumor size were independent risk factors for RFS.Conclusion Patients with early AEG undergoing ESD or surgical treatment have consistent clinical outcomes.ESD can be considered an effective and safe treatment for early AEG.

Epigenomic imbalance drives abnormal transcriptional processes,promoting the onset and progression of cancer.Although defective gene regulation generally affects carcinogenesis and tumor suppression networks,tumor immunogenicity and immune cells involved in antitumor responses may also be affected by epigenomic changes,which may have significant implications for the development and application of epigenetic therapy,cancer immunotherapy,and their combinations.Herein,we focus on the impact of epigenetic regulation on tumor immune cell function and the role of key abnormal epigenetic processes,DNA methylation,histone post-translational modification,and chromatin structure in tumor immunogenicity,and introduce these epigenetic research methods.We emphasize the value of small-molecule inhibitors of epigenetic modulators in enhancing antitumor immune responses and discuss the challenges of developing treatment plans that combine epigenetic therapy and immuno-therapy through the complex interaction between cancer epigenetics and cancer immunology.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside (TGW) in the treatment of psoriatic dermatitis from a cellular immunological perspective. METHODS: Mouse models of psoriatic dermatitis were established by imiquimod (IMQ). Twelve male BALB/c mice were assigned to IMQ or IMQ₊TGW groups according to a random number table. Histopathological changes in vivo were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Ratios of immune cells and cytokines in mice, as well as PAM212 cell proliferation in vitro were assessed by flow cytometry. Pro-inflammatory cytokine expression was determined using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: TGW significantly ameliorated the severity of IMQ-induced psoriasis-like mouse skin lesions and restrained the activation of CD45⁺ cells, neutrophils and T lymphocytes (all P<0.01). Moreover, TGW significantly attenuated keratinocytes (KCs) proliferation and downregulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor α, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Furthermore, it reduced the number of γ δ T17 cells in skin lesion of mice and draining lymph nodes (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS TGW improved psoriasis-like inflammation by inhibiting KCs proliferation, as well as the associated immune cells and cytokine expression. It inhibited IL-17 secretion from γ δ T cells, which improved the immune-inflammatory microenvironment of psoriasis.
Male ; Animals ; Mice ; Tripterygium ; Psoriasis/drug therapy* ; Keratinocytes ; Skin Diseases/metabolism* ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Imiquimod/metabolism* ; Dermatitis/pathology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Skin/metabolism*

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), a core transcription factor responding to changes in cellular oxygen levels, is closely associated with a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions. However, its differential impacts on vascular cell types and molecular programs modulating human vascular homeostasis and regeneration remain largely elusive. Here, we applied CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing of human embryonic stem cells and directed differentiation to generate HIF-1α-deficient human vascular cells including vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as a platform for discovering cell type-specific hypoxia-induced response mechanisms. Through comparative molecular profiling across cell types under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, we provide insight into the indispensable role of HIF-1α in the promotion of ischemic vascular regeneration. We found human MSCs to be the vascular cell type most susceptible to HIF-1α deficiency, and that transcriptional inactivation of ANKZF1, an effector of HIF-1α, impaired pro-angiogenic processes. Altogether, our findings deepen the understanding of HIF-1α in human angiogenesis and support further explorations of novel therapeutic strategies of vascular regeneration against ischemic damage.
Humans ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism* ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hypoxia/metabolism* ; Cell Hypoxia/physiology*