Objective This study reports on the obligatory parasitism of water mites Arrenurus sp. on Anopheles messeae at the Manzhouli Port, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods Duing July 2024, a survey on the mosquito diversity was conducted at the Manzhouli Port. Captured mosquitoes and their ectoparasites were identified to species level. Results A total of 1840 adult mosquitoes were collected, representing species from three genera: Culex(Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens pallens), Aedes(Ae. dorsalis, Ae. flavidorsalis, Ae. flavescens), and Anopheles (An. messeae). Among all the mosqutioes specimens,3 out of 150 captured An. messeae were found to carry ectoparasitic mites, with number of 2,4,27 mites separately. Morphological and molecular identification reached the same result as water mites(Hydrachnidiae, Hydracrina). COI gene sequence showed 94% similarity with the closest species Arrenurus truncatellus. Conlusions Literature review suggests water mites are host-specific parasitism of mosquito species and herein with the first record of Arrenurus sp. parasiting on An. Messeae in the most high-latitude region globally.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Euphorbia humifusa Willd.and their in vitro anti-hepatoma activity.METHODS Silica gel,D101 macroporous adsorption resin and semi-preparative RP-HPLC were used for isolated and purified,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity was determined by MTT mothod.RESULTS Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as 22-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol(1),dimethyl 3,3'-[oxybis(4,1-phenylene)](2E,2'E)-diacrylate(2),N-(3-methoxy-1,3-dioxopropyl)-D-tryptophan methyl ester(3),N-acetyltryptophan methyl ester(4),N-(methoxycarbonyl)-tryptophan methyl ester(5),(3β,5α,17β)-4,4,8,14-tetramethyl-18-norandrostane-3,17-diol(6),3β,18,19β-trihydroxylupane(7),pregnenolone(8),3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(9),dehydrovomifoliol(10),loliolide(11),2,2'-oxybis(1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene)(12),dibutyl phthalate(13),4-methoxycinnamic acid(14),3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid(15),methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate(16),kaempferol(17),quercetin(18).The IC50 values of compounds 1,7 and 8 on HepG2 cells were(17.27±0.92),(19.11±2.14)and(7.53±1.09)μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-16 are first isolated from this plant.Compounds 1,7 and 8 have anti-hepatoma activity.

Aim To investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of transient receptor potential cation chan-nel 6(TRPC6)in epileptogenesis using a kainic acid(KA)-induced mouse model.Methods C57BL/6 and TRPC6-KO(KO)mice were divided into two groups and implanted with cannulas for microinjection of KA(0.03 g·L-1,5 μL)into the lateral ventricle to establish the acute epilepsy model group,with saline injection serving as the control group.The Racine score was used to record the uninterrupted seizure grade of mice within two hours after KA administration.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect neuronal loss and tissue damage in the hippocampus brain region of mice.Immunofluorescence staining,Western blot and qPCR were used to detect the expressions of TRPC6,NLRP3,ASC,Caspase-1,p62,Atg7,Atg5,Beclin-1,LC3b-Ⅱ/LC3b-Ⅰ.in the hippocampus.Results KA induced significant neuronal loss and tissue damage in the hippocampal CA3 brain region of epilep-sy mice,while the expression levels of TRPC6,NL-RP3,ASC and Caspase-1 and other proteins in the hippocampus brain area of epilepsy mice increased,and the protein expression of autophagy-related proteins Atg7,Atg5,Beclin-1,LC3b-Ⅱ/LC3b-Ⅰ increased,while the expression of p62 protein decreased.TRPC6 knockout exacerbated KA-induced epileptogenesis,neuronal injury,inflammatory response and autophagy activation.Conclusion TRPC6 is involved in KA-in-duced epileptigenesis,and the mechanism may be re-lated to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome-autoph-agy signaling caused by TRPC6 deletion.

Aim To investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of transient receptor potential cation chan-nel 6(TRPC6)in epileptogenesis using a kainic acid(KA)-induced mouse model.Methods C57BL/6 and TRPC6-KO(KO)mice were divided into two groups and implanted with cannulas for microinjection of KA(0.03 g·L-1,5 μL)into the lateral ventricle to establish the acute epilepsy model group,with saline injection serving as the control group.The Racine score was used to record the uninterrupted seizure grade of mice within two hours after KA administration.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect neuronal loss and tissue damage in the hippocampus brain region of mice.Immunofluorescence staining,Western blot and qPCR were used to detect the expressions of TRPC6,NLRP3,ASC,Caspase-1,p62,Atg7,Atg5,Beclin-1,LC3b-Ⅱ/LC3b-Ⅰ.in the hippocampus.Results KA induced significant neuronal loss and tissue damage in the hippocampal CA3 brain region of epilep-sy mice,while the expression levels of TRPC6,NL-RP3,ASC and Caspase-1 and other proteins in the hippocampus brain area of epilepsy mice increased,and the protein expression of autophagy-related proteins Atg7,Atg5,Beclin-1,LC3b-Ⅱ/LC3b-Ⅰ increased,while the expression of p62 protein decreased.TRPC6 knockout exacerbated KA-induced epileptogenesis,neuronal injury,inflammatory response and autophagy activation.Conclusion TRPC6 is involved in KA-in-duced epileptigenesis,and the mechanism may be re-lated to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome-autoph-agy signaling caused by TRPC6 deletion.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and safety of dual mobility total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fracture of the hemiplegic side.Methods Patients with hemiplegia and femoral neck fracture who underwent hip arthroplasty in our hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were selected as the research objects,and they were randomly divided into the dual mobility group(dual mobility total hip arthroplasty was performed)and the hemiarthroplasty group(hemiarthroplasty was performed),with 31 cases in each group.The perioperative status,postoperative hip function and postoperative complications of patients in the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results The operative time of patients in the dual mobility group was longer than that in the hemiarthroplasty group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss,total drainage volume 3 days after operation or hospital stay between the two groups(P>0.05).One month after surgery,there was no significant difference in hip Harris score between the two groups(P>0.05).At 6 months and 12 months after surgery,the hip Harris scores of patients in the dual mobility group were better than those in the hemiarthroplasty group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the case of different preoperative muscle strength of the hemiplegic side,the hip Harris scores of patients in the dual mobility group at 6 months and 12 months after surgery were better than those in the hemiarthroplasty group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications was 12.9%(4/31)in the dual mobility group,and it was 22.6%(7/31)in the hemiarthroplasty group,without significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion For patients with femoral neck fracture and decreased muscle strength of affected limb due to hemiplegia,the use of dual mobility total hip arthroplasty can achieve good postoperative function and anti-dislocation effect.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Euphorbia humifusa Willd.and their in vitro anti-hepatoma activity.METHODS Silica gel,D101 macroporous adsorption resin and semi-preparative RP-HPLC were used for isolated and purified,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity was determined by MTT mothod.RESULTS Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as 22-O-angeloyl-R1-barrigenol(1),dimethyl 3,3'-[oxybis(4,1-phenylene)](2E,2'E)-diacrylate(2),N-(3-methoxy-1,3-dioxopropyl)-D-tryptophan methyl ester(3),N-acetyltryptophan methyl ester(4),N-(methoxycarbonyl)-tryptophan methyl ester(5),(3β,5α,17β)-4,4,8,14-tetramethyl-18-norandrostane-3,17-diol(6),3β,18,19β-trihydroxylupane(7),pregnenolone(8),3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(9),dehydrovomifoliol(10),loliolide(11),2,2'-oxybis(1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene)(12),dibutyl phthalate(13),4-methoxycinnamic acid(14),3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid(15),methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate(16),kaempferol(17),quercetin(18).The IC50 values of compounds 1,7 and 8 on HepG2 cells were(17.27±0.92),(19.11±2.14)and(7.53±1.09)μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-16 are first isolated from this plant.Compounds 1,7 and 8 have anti-hepatoma activity.

Objective To analyze the implementation of MPOWER tobacco control policies in different regions and populations in China,as well as the impact of perceptions of tobacco control policies on individual smoking behavior and quit intentions,to promote the fairness of policy implementation and protection for vulnerable groups.Methods A multivariable regression model was constructed utilizing raw data from the China Adult Tobacco Survey to analyze disparities in perceived MPOWER policy implementation among various social demographics and its impact on smoking behavior and quitting intentions.Results Regarding protection from tobacco smoke(P),local economic level,urban-rural divide were significantly correlated with awareness of comprehensive smoking bans.For offering help to quit smoking(O),local tobacco industry revenue and individual age were associated with the doctor's advice for quitting.As to the warning about the harm of tobacco(W),economic level,geography and urban-rural disparity were correlated with the visibility of health warnings.About the tobacco advertising,promotion and sponsorship(E),geography was related to the exposure to tobacco advertisements,local tobacco industry revenue was associated with the tobacco promotion.For tobacco taxes(R),education level and age were significantly correlated with tobacco affordability.People who perceived comprehensive smoking bans(OR=0.69,95%CI:0.59-0.81)was associated with less smoking behavior,while people perceiving tobacco promotional activities(OR=2.51,95%CI:2.00-3.17)were more likely to smoke.Additionally,people who perceived comprehensive smoking bans(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.25-2.31)and health warning(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.48-3.01)had higher intention to quit smoking.Conclusion In economically disadvantaged regions and among specific socially vulnerable groups(such as low-income individuals,rural residents,and the elderly)in China,the perception of tobacco control policy implementation is relatively low,the perception of tobacco control policies can influence smoking behavior and quitting intentions.Legislative and enforcement efforts should be increased targeting these groups with lower perceptions of the policies to enhance the fairness of tobacco control measures.

Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) is one of the most commonly occurring pathogens associated with genital tract infections in infertile males, but the impact of seminal UU infection in semen on intrauterine insemination (IUI) outcomes is poorly understood. We collected data from 245 infertile couples who underwent IUI at The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Hefei, China) between January 2021 and January 2023. The subjects were classified into two groups according to their UU infection status: the UU-positive group and the UU-negative group. We compared semen parameters, pregnancy outcomes, and neonatal birth outcomes to investigate the impact of UU infection on IUI outcomes. There were no significantly statistical differences in various semen parameters, including semen volume, sperm concentration, total and progressive motility, sperm morphology, leukocyte count, the presence of anti-sperm antibody, and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), between the UU-positive and UU-negative groups of male infertile patients (all P > 0.05). However, the high DNA stainability (HDS) status of sperm differed between the UU-positive and UU-negative groups, suggesting that seminal UU infection may affect sperm nuclear maturation ( P = 0.04). Additionally, there were no significant differences in pregnancy or neonatal birth outcomes between the two groups (all P > 0.05). These results suggest that IUI remains a viable and cost-effective option for infertile couples with UU infection who are facing infertility issues.
Humans ; Male ; Ureaplasma Infections/complications* ; Female ; Infertility, Male/therapy* ; Ureaplasma urealyticum/isolation & purification* ; Pregnancy ; Adult ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Semen Analysis ; Insemination, Artificial ; Semen/microbiology* ; China

To investigate the impact of preoperative serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels on the probability of testicular sperm retrieval, we conducted a study of nonobstructive azoospermic (NOA) men with different testicular volumes (TVs) who underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE). A total of 177 NOA patients undergoing micro-TESE for the first time from April 2019 to November 2022 in Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China) were retrospectively reviewed. The subjects were divided into four groups based on average TV quartiles. Serum hormone levels in each TV group were compared between positive and negative sperm retrieval subgroups. Overall sperm retrieval rate was 57.6%. FSH levels (median [interquartile range]) were higher in the positive sperm retrieval subgroup compared with the negative outcome subgroup when average TV was <5 ml (first quartile [Q1: TV <3 ml]: 43.32 [17.92] IU l -1 vs 32.95 [18.56] IU l -1 , P = 0.048; second quartile [Q2: 3 ml ≤ TV <5 ml]: 31.31 [15.37] IU l -1 vs 25.59 [18.40] IU l -1 , P = 0.042). Elevated serum FSH levels were associated with successful micro-TESE sperm retrieval in NOA men whose average TVs were <5 ml (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.06 per unit increase; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.11; P = 0.011). In men with TVs ≥5 ml, larger TVs were associated with lower odds of sperm retrieval (adjusted OR: 0.84 per 1 ml increase; 95% CI: 0.71-0.98; P = 0.029). In conclusion, elevated serum FSH levels were associated with positive sperm retrieval in micro-TESE in NOA men with TVs <5 ml. In men with TV ≥5 ml, increases in average TVs were associated with lower odds of sperm retrieval.
Humans ; Male ; Azoospermia/surgery* ; Sperm Retrieval/statistics & numerical data* ; Adult ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood* ; Retrospective Studies ; Testis/pathology* ; Microdissection ; Organ Size

Investigating the correlation between micronucleus formation and male infertility has the potential to improve clinical diagnosis and deepen our understanding of pathological progression. Our study enrolled 2252 male patients whose semen was analyzed from March 2023 to July 2023. Their clinical data, including semen parameters and age, were also collected. Genetic analysis was used to determine whether the sex chromosome involved in male infertility was abnormal (including the increase, deletion, and translocation of the X and Y chromosomes), and subsequent semen analysis was conducted for clinical grouping purposes. The participants were categorized into five groups: normozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, oligoasthenozoospermia, and azoospermia. Patients were randomly selected for further study; 41 patients with normozoospermia were included in the control group and 117 patients with non-normozoospermia were included in the study group according to the proportions of all enrolled patients. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) screening was conducted through peripheral blood. Statistical analysis was used to determine the differences in micronuclei (MNi) among the groups and the relationships between MNi and clinical data. There was a significant increase in MNi in infertile men, including those with azoospermia, compared with normozoospermic patients, but there was no significant difference between the genetic and nongenetic groups in azoospermic men. The presence of MNi was associated with sperm concentration, progressive sperm motility, immotile spermatozoa, malformed spermatozoa, total sperm count, and total sperm motility. This study underscores the potential utility of MNi as a diagnostic tool and highlights the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of male infertility.
Humans ; Male ; Infertility, Male/genetics* ; Adult ; Micronucleus Tests ; Semen Analysis ; Oligospermia/genetics* ; Azoospermia/genetics* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Sperm Count ; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective ; Middle Aged