The current study aimed to clarify the roles of apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) and milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (Mfge8) in regulating myocardial lipid deposition and the regulatory relationship between them. The serum levels of ApoA5 and Mfge8 in obese and healthy people were compared, and the obesity mouse model induced by the high-fat diet (HFD) was established. In addition, primary cardiomyocytes were purified and identified from the hearts of suckling mice. The 0.8 mmol/L sodium palmitate treatment was used to establish the lipid deposition cardiomyocyte model in vitro. ApoA5-overexpressing adenovirus was used to observe its effects on cardiac function and lipids. The expressions of the fatty acid uptake-related molecules and Mfge8 on transcription or translation levels were detected. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to verify the interaction between ApoA5 and Mfge8 proteins. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the co-localization of Mfge8 protein with ApoA5 or lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2). Recombinant rMfge8 was added to cardiomyocytes to investigate the regulatory mechanism of ApoA5 on Mfge8. The results showed that participants in the simple obesity group had a significant decrease in serum ApoA5 levels (P < 0.05) and a significant increase in Mfge8 levels (P < 0.05) in comparison with the healthy control group. The adenovirus treatment successfully overexpressed ApoA5 in HFD-fed obese mice and palmitic acid-induced lipid deposition cardiomyocytes, respectively. ApoA5 reduced the weight of HFD-fed obese mice (P < 0.05), shortened left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and significantly reduced plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (CHOL) (P < 0.05). In myocardial tissue and cardiomyocytes, the overexpression of ApoA5 significantly reduced the deposition of TG (P < 0.05), transcription of fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) (P < 0.05), fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) (P < 0.05), and fatty acid transport protein (FATP) (P < 0.05), and protein expression of Mfge8 (P < 0.05), while the transcription levels of Mfge8 were not significantly altered (P > 0.05). In vitro, the Mfge8 protein was captured using ApoA5 as bait protein, indicating a direct interaction between them. Overexpression of ApoA5 led to an increase in co-localization of Mfge8 with ApoA5 or LAMP2 in cardiomyocytes under lipid deposition status. On this basis, exogenous added recombinant rMfge8 counteracted the improvement of lipid deposition in cardiomyocytes by ApoA5. The above results indicate that the overexpression of ApoA5 can reduce fatty acid uptake in myocardial cells under lipid deposition status by regulating the content and cellular localization of Mfge8 protein, thereby significantly reducing myocardial lipid deposition and improving cardiac diastolic and systolic function.
Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; Obesity/physiopathology* ; Male ; Apolipoprotein A-V/blood* ; Lipid Metabolism/physiology* ; Milk Proteins/blood* ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Diet, High-Fat ; Antigens, Surface/physiology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Cells, Cultured ; Female

The chemical constituents from leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel, C_(18) reverse-phase silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 gel, as well as semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Six compounds were identified by UV, IR, NMR, MS, calculated ECD, and comparison with literature data as cyclopaloside D(1), boscialin(2),(5R,6S)-6-hydroxy-6-[(E)-3-hydroxybut-1-enyl]-1,1,5-trimethylcyclohexanone(3), 3S,5R-dihydroxy-6R,7-megastigmadien-9-one(4), 3S,5R-dihydroxy-6S,7-megastigmadien-9-one(5), and gingerglycolipid A(6), respectively. Among them, compound 1 was identified as a new tetralone glycoside, and compounds 2-6 were isolated from leaves of C. paliurus for the first time. Furthermore, compound 1 exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with the IC_(50) of(454.20±31.81)μmol·L~(-1) and(881.82±42.31)μmol·L~(-1) in scavenging DPPH and ABTS free radicals, respectively.
Plant Leaves/chemistry* ; Glycosides/isolation & purification* ; Juglandaceae/chemistry* ; Tetralones/isolation & purification* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification*

AIM To establish a GC-MS method for the simultaneous content determination of sixteen pesticide residues in Lycii Fructus and perform safety assessment.METHODS The analysis was performed on DB-5MS chromatographic column(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)subjected to the programmed heating,with splitless injection of 1.0 μL dissolved sample at a flowing rate of 1.0 mL/min.Other parameters were as follows:injection port temperature of 250℃,electron impact ionization(EI),electron energy of 70 eV;ion source temperature of 230℃,multi-reaction monitoring mode,and collision gas.of high-purity N2.Pesticide residues with relatively high dietary risk were analyzed and discussed with regard to residue levels,dietary intake risk,risk ranking and cumulative exposure assessment.RESULTS Sixteen pesticides showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r≥0.994 4),whose average recoveries were 70%-114%,with the RSDs of less than 2%.The highest average cyfluthrin residue of 0.999 2 mg/kg in Lycii Fructus of production regions and the highest average cypermethrin residue of 0.088 4 mg/kg in Lycii Fructus commodities were both detected.In Lycii Fructus of production regions with chronic hazard index(HI)value of 0.012 9 and acute HI value of 0.065 5 and their commodities with chronic HI of 0.001 2 and acute HI of 0.005 4,the pesticide residue of cypermethrin was the leading cause of chronic and acute dietary risk,and additionally,pyridaben within maximum residue limit(MRL)was the only detectectable highly toxic pesticide among the other most concerning pestcides of deltamethrin,pyridaben,chlorpyrifos,dichlorvos and methidathion.CONCLUSION There exist pesticide residues within MRL values in some samples of Lycii Fructus and the use of cypermethrin should be well-controlled.

Objective To investigate the effects of Simo decoction on duodenal microinflammation and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3)/cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1(Caspase-1)/gasdermin D(GSDMD)signaling pathway in rats with functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods The FD model was established by multifactorial method.SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group(FD model),positive control group(gavage administration of 0.305 mg·kg-1 mosapride injection)and experimental-H,-M,-L groups(gavage administration of 5.62,2.81,1.40 g·kg-1 Simo decoction).Small intestinal advancement rate and gastric emptying rate was determined;the levels of interleukin(IL)-1 β and IL-18 in serum were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the protein expression of NLRP3 and GSDMD in duodenal tissue was detected by Western blotting.Results The gastric emptying rates of normal,model,positive control and experimental-H,-M,-Lgroupswere(58.34±5.72)％,(29.16±8.37)％,(48.77±6.10)％,(48.35±6.04)％,(48.20±3.49)％and(39.24±4.20)％;the small intestinal propulsion rates were(82.01±7.55)％,(41.95±9.53)％,(64.61±10.18)％,(75.04±9.76)％,(60.58±7.13)％and(45.89±7.40)％;serum IL-1 β expression were(12.86±0.88),(43.73±4.60),(18.84±0.86),(24.61±1.57),(19.14±0.77)and(29.04±0.72)pg·mL-1;IL-18 expressions were(95.00±3.74),(170.60±8.78),(108.50±3.05),(118.90±3.45),(99.90±8.70)and(141.00±3.71)pg·mL-1;the relative expression levels of NLRP3 proteins were 0.32±0.02,0.84±0.05,0.42±0.03,0.48±0.02,0.61±0.04 and 0.62±0.05;the relative expression levels of GSDMD proteins were 0.34±0.05,0.93±0.06,0.35±0.03,0.52±0.02,0.53±0.06 and 0.55±0.05,respectively.Compared with the normal group,the above indexes in the model group have statistical significance;compared with the model group,the above indexes in the experimental-H group and the positive control group also have statistical significance(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Conclusion Simo decoction can effectively improve the general condition and duodenal microinflammation in FD rats,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of duodenal NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the duration of the second stage of labor and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours in primiparas using epidural analgesia.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of pregnant women who delivered vaginally in the obstetrics department of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020. The data included maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gravidity, gestational age at delivery, weight gain during pregnancy, common pregnancy complications (such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, hypothyroidism, and pregnancy-related anemia), types of uterotonics, duration of each stage of labor, delivery outcomes, perineal conditions, postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours, and neonatal birth length and weight. The exposure variable was the duration of the second stage of labor, and the outcome was the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours. Potential risk factors were analyzed using univariate analysis. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, a generalized additive model was used for linear regression analysis, smooth curve fitting, and threshold effect analysis to observe the relationship between the duration of the second stage of labor and postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours.Results:A total of 2 067 primiparas were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 26.5±3.6 years, the median duration of the second stage of labor was 54 min (range: 35-81 min), and the median amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours was 230 ml (range: 200-300 ml). After adjusting for factors such as maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational age at delivery, vaginal delivery, duration of the first and third stages of labor, perineal conditions, types of uterotonics used within 2 hours postpartum, and neonatal birth length and weight, a positive relationship was found between the duration of the second stage of labor and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours ( ?=0.20, 95% CI: 0.00-0.30, P<0.05). The smooth curve fitting results showed a non-linear relationship between the duration of the second stage of labor and postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours. Threshold effect analysis indicated that the two-segment regression model (Model Ⅱ) was more suitable for fitting the correlation compared to the univariate linear regression model (Model Ⅰ), with a log-likelihood ratio test P-value of 0.001, and the inflection point was 115 min for the second stage of labor (95% CI: 99-125 min). Conclusions:In primiparas using epidural analgesia, there is a non-linear relationship and threshold effect between the duration of the second stage of labor and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours. When the second stage of labor exceeds 115 min, the extension of the second stage may increase the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours.

Objective:To analyze the application effect of intelligent acceptance equipment for orthopedic medical equipment combined with medical device unique device identifier(UDI)code in the management of orthopedic medical devices.Methods:Based on the UDI code,the UDI application process of orthopedic medical devices was formulated,and all operations such as inspection and accurate billing of orthopedic medical devices were completed through the identification and comparison of intelligent acceptance equipment for orthopedic medical devices.A total of 8 317 orthopedic instruments used in orthopedic surgery in Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September to December 2023 were selected.According to the different time of the implementation of intelligent acceptance equipment for orthopedic medical devices,the 4 072 orthopedic devices used from September to October 2023 was marked as before implementation and adopted the traditional management mode,the 4 245 orthopedic devices used from November 2023 to December 2023 were marked as before implementation and adopted the intelligent acceptance management mode.The management effect and incidence of adverse events were compared before and after the implementation of intelligent acceptance equipment for orthopedic medical devices.Results:The total effective rate of management after the implementation of intelligent acceptance equipment for orthopedic medical instruments was 98.78%,which was significantly higher than that before the implementation,the difference was statistically significant(x2=272.03,P<0.01).The total incidence of adverse events after the implementation of the intelligent acceptance equipment for orthopedic medical devices was 8.83%,which was significantly lower than that before the implementation,the difference was statistically significant(x2=281.38,P<0.01).Conclusion:The intelligent acceptance device combined with UDI code for orthopedic medical devices can achieve efficient distribution,accurate acceptance and billing,reduce the occurrence of adverse events,meet the requirements of the whole process traceability management of one thing and one code,and improve the management level orthopedic medical devices.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the duration of the second stage of labor and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours in primiparas using epidural analgesia.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of pregnant women who delivered vaginally in the obstetrics department of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020. The data included maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gravidity, gestational age at delivery, weight gain during pregnancy, common pregnancy complications (such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, hypothyroidism, and pregnancy-related anemia), types of uterotonics, duration of each stage of labor, delivery outcomes, perineal conditions, postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours, and neonatal birth length and weight. The exposure variable was the duration of the second stage of labor, and the outcome was the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours. Potential risk factors were analyzed using univariate analysis. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, a generalized additive model was used for linear regression analysis, smooth curve fitting, and threshold effect analysis to observe the relationship between the duration of the second stage of labor and postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours.Results:A total of 2 067 primiparas were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 26.5±3.6 years, the median duration of the second stage of labor was 54 min (range: 35-81 min), and the median amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours was 230 ml (range: 200-300 ml). After adjusting for factors such as maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational age at delivery, vaginal delivery, duration of the first and third stages of labor, perineal conditions, types of uterotonics used within 2 hours postpartum, and neonatal birth length and weight, a positive relationship was found between the duration of the second stage of labor and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours ( ?=0.20, 95% CI: 0.00-0.30, P<0.05). The smooth curve fitting results showed a non-linear relationship between the duration of the second stage of labor and postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours. Threshold effect analysis indicated that the two-segment regression model (Model Ⅱ) was more suitable for fitting the correlation compared to the univariate linear regression model (Model Ⅰ), with a log-likelihood ratio test P-value of 0.001, and the inflection point was 115 min for the second stage of labor (95% CI: 99-125 min). Conclusions:In primiparas using epidural analgesia, there is a non-linear relationship and threshold effect between the duration of the second stage of labor and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours. When the second stage of labor exceeds 115 min, the extension of the second stage may increase the amount of postpartum hemorrhage within 2 hours.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate autophagy-related mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) action in improving gastrointestinal motility in mice with functional constipation (FC). METHODS: According to a random number table, the Kunming mice were divided into the normal control, FC and EA groups in Experiment I. The autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was used to observe whether it antagonized the effects of EA in Experiment II. An FC model was established by diphenoxylate gavage. Then the mice were treated with EA stimulation at Tianshu (ST 25) and Shangjuxu (ST 37) acupoints. The first black stool defecation time, the number, weight, and water content of 8-h feces, and intestinal transit rate were used to assess intestinal transit. Colonic tissues underwent histopathological assessment, and the expressions of autophagy markers microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin-1 were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The expressions of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway members were investigated by Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The relationship between enteric glial cells (EGCs) and autophagy was observed by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, localization analysis, and electron microscopy. RESULTS: EA treatment shortened the first black stool defecation time, increased the number, weight, and water content of 8-h feces, and improved the intestinal transit rate in FC mice (P<0.01). In terms of a putative autophagy mechanism, EA treatment promoted the expressions of LC3 and Beclin-1 proteins in the colonic tissue of FC mice (P<0.05), with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and LC3 significantly colocalized. Furthermore, EA promoted colonic autophagy in FC mice by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The positive effect of EA on intestinal motility in FC mice was blocked by 3-MA. CONCLUSION EA treatment can inhibit PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in the colonic tissues of FC mice, thereby promoting EGCs autophagy to improve intestinal motility.
Mice ; Animals ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Electroacupuncture ; Beclin-1 ; Signal Transduction ; Constipation/therapy* ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Autophagy ; Neuroglia/metabolism* ; Mammals/metabolism*

This article analyzed the mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction(DSD) in improving kidney injury caused by blood stasis syndrome(BSS) in rats. Firstly, 32 female SD rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: a normal group and a BSS group, both receiving an equal amount of distilled water by gavage; a normal+DSD group and a BSS+DSD group, both receiving 5.103 g·kg~(-1) DSD orally for a total of 14 days. Daily cold water bath was given to establish the BSS model, and on the 14th day, BSS rats were subcutaneously injected with 0.8 mg·kg~(-1) adrenaline. Normal rats were subjected to the water bath at 37 ℃ and injected with an equal volume of distilled water. After the experiment, 24-hour urine, serum, and kidney samples were collected for metabolomic analysis, biochemical measurements, and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. The study then employed ~1H-NMR metabolomic technology to reveal the metabolic network regulated by DSD in improving BSS-induced kidney injury and used network pharmacology to preliminarily elucidate the key targets of the effectiveness of DSD. Pathological and biochemical analysis showed that DSD intervention significantly reduced inflammation and abnormal levels of blood creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine protein in the kidneys. Metabolomic analysis indicated that DSD attenuated BSS-induced kidney injury primarily by regulating 10 differential metabolites and three major metabolic pathways(taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, citrate cycle, and acetaldehyde and dicarboxylic acid metabolism). Network pharmacology analysis suggested that the protective effect of DSD against BSS-induced kidney injury might be related to two key genes, ATP citrate lyase(ACLY) and nitric oxide synthase 2(NOS2), and two main metabolic pathways, i.e., arginine biosynthesis, and arginine and proline metabolism. This study, from the perspective of network regulation, provides initial insights and evidence into the mechanism of DSD in improving kidney injury induced by BSS, offering a basis for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying its efficacy.
Rats ; Female ; Animals ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Network Pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Metabolomics ; Kidney ; Arginine ; Water

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism by which Chinese medicine Shengmai Yin (SMY) reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells CNE-2R. METHODS: Morphological changes in EMT in CNE-2R cells were observed under a microscope, and the expressions of EMT markers were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assays. Through the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset and text mining, LCN2 was found to be highly related to radiation resistance and EMT in NPC. The expressions of LCN2 and EMT markers following SMY treatment (50 and 100 µ g/mL) were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot assays in vitro. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were measured using colony formation, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays, respectively. The inhibitory effect of SMY in vivo was determined by observing a zebrafish xenograft model with a fluorescent label. RESULTS: The CNE-2R cells showed EMT transition and high expression of LCN2, and the use of SMY (5, 10 and 20 µ g/mL) reduced the expression of LCN2 and reversed the EMT in the CNE-2R cells. Compared to that of the CNE-2R group, the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of SMY high-concentration group were weakened (P<0.05). Moreover, SMY mediated tumor growth and metastasis in a dose-dependent manner in a zebrafish xenograft model, which was consistent with the in vitro results. CONCLUSIONS SMY can reverse the EMT process of CNE-2R cells, which may be related to its inhibition of LCN2 expression. Therefore, LCN2 may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in patients with NPC.
Animals ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/genetics* ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Zebrafish ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy* ; Cell Movement ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic